Atom (character)
The Atom is a name shared by five fictional comic book superheroes from the DC Comics universe.
The original Golden Age Atom, Al Pratt, was created by writer Bill O'Connor and artist Ben Flinton and first appeared in All-American Publications' All-American Comics #19. The second Atom was the Silver Age Atom, Ray Palmer, who first appeared in 1961. The third Atom, Adam Cray, was a minor character present in Suicide Squad stories. The fourth Atom, Ryan Choi, debuted in a new Atom series in August 2006. Another Atom from the 853rd Century first appeared as part of Justice Legion Alpha in August 1999.
The Atom has been the star of multiple solo series, and four of the five have appeared as members of various superhero teams, such as the Justice Society of America, the Justice League, the Suicide Squad, and the Justice Legion Alpha.
Fictional character biographies
Al Pratt
The original Atom, Al Pratt, first appeared in All-American Comics #19. He initially had no superpowers; instead, he was a diminutive college student and later a physicist who was depicted as a tough guy, a symbol of all the short kids who could still make a difference. Pratt was a founding member of the Justice Society of America, later gaining limited super-strength, and an energy charged 'atomic punch'. He died in the charge against Extant during the Zero Hour.Ray Palmer
The Atom introduced during the Silver Age of comic books in Showcase #34 is physicist and university professor Raymond Palmer, Ph.D. After stumbling onto a mass of white dwarf star matter that had fallen to Earth, he fashioned a lens which allowed him to shrink down to subatomic size. Originally, his size and molecular density abilities derived from the white dwarf star material of his costume, controlled by mechanisms in his belt, and later by controls in the palms of his gloves. Much later, he gained the innate equivalent powers within his own body. After the events of Identity Crisis, Ray shrank himself to microscopic size and disappeared. Finding him became a major theme of the Countdown year-long series and crossover event.Paul Hoben
Prior to Ray Palmer's trip to the Amazon Jungle, he learns his wife Jean Loring has had an affair with her colleague, Paul Hoben. Palmer and Loring got a divorce. Later, Palmer offers his blessing to the couple when they marry, and he offers Hoben his size-changing belt so that Hoben can protect Ivy Town after Ray returns to the Morlaidhans. Adam Cray would later steal this belt; Hoben never uses the costume or name of the Atom.Adam Cray
Adam Cray, son of the murdered Senator Joseph Cray, first appeared as the Atom in the pages of Suicide Squad #44 by John Ostrander. Cray was initially believed to be Ray Palmer in disguise by members of the team. Cray had been recruited by Palmer to apprehend the Micro Squad, a group of villains that had been reduced in size. Palmer intended to use Cray to uncover a shadowy government cabal who were using Palmer to discover the secret identities of other costumed heroes. While Palmer infiltrated the Micro Squad, Cray would attract the attention of the Cabal as the new Atom, so that no one would notice Palmer assuming the identity of a fallen Micro Squad member.Adam Cray remained with the Suicide Squad briefly, serving as a secret weapon whose existence was unknown to others of the Squad. Cray saves Amanda Waller from a group of assassins. At one point, Cray approaches Deadshot about his role in Senator Cray's murder. Later, Cray is impaled through the chest by Blacksnake, a Micro Squad member who believes him to be Palmer.
After the unanticipated murder of Cray, Palmer reveals himself and defeats Cray's murderer. The ruse ended, Palmer explains himself to the Justice League, who had been searching for him, after hearing rumors of a new Atom.
During the events of Blackest Night, Adam's corpse is reanimated as a member of the Black Lantern Corps alongside several other fallen Suicide Squad members. Following his reanimation, Adam and the other Black Lanterns travel to Belle Reve and attack Bane and Black Alice. Adam is apparently destroyed by the Manhunter's self-destruct mechanism, unleashing an explosion of Green Lantern energy that eradicates the Black Lanterns.
In DC Rebirth, Adam Cray is the son of Senator Cray and Ryan Choi's roommate at Ivy University. Senator Cray also attended Ivy and expected Adam to attend Ivy as well. He first meets Ryan when he walks into their dorm with heavy luggage and kindly introduces himself. Adam teaches Ryan how to play rugby and video games.
Ryan Choi
Ryan Choi, as described by DC solicitations, is "a young hotshot professor who's filling the extra spot on Ivy University's teaching staff... and who inadvertently ends up filling the old Atom's super-heroic shoes". This new Atom is based on a redesign by Grant Morrison. He debuted in the Brave New World one-shot, a preview of projects, and then appeared in the series, The All-New Atom, written by Gail Simone. He is later murdered by Deathstroke and his Titans.Rhonda Pineda/Atomica
In September 2011, The New 52 rebooted DC's continuity. In this new timeline, a new, female Atom is introduced, Rhonda Pineda, a Hispanic American college student from Ivy Town. She is revealed to be working as a reluctant spy for Amanda Waller and Steve Trevor, gathering intel on the new Justice League recruits. She is noted to be "the most important member of the Justice League of America" by Steve Trevor. At the conclusion of the "Trinity War" storyline, she is revealed to in fact be betraying both teams; she hails from the alternate universe of Earth-3, where she is a member of the Crime Syndicate, operating under the name Atomica. She also reveals that by placing a sliver of Green Kryptonite in Superman's optic nerve, she caused him to accidentally kill Doctor Light, with the added effect of severely weakening and almost killing Superman over time.Atomica originally worked on Earth-3 with Johnny Quick as a thief and killer. One night after killing two cops, they are cornered on the roof of S.T.A.R. Labs during a storm. Lightning hits a satellite, electrocuting Johnny and granting him speed powers. Rhonda falls inside the building and lands near Ray Palmer's Atomico work, gaining size and density changing powers. During the final battle with the Crime Syndicate, Atomica reduces her size and is killed when Lex Luthor steps on her.
Atom One Million
An unnamed scientist in the 853rd Century performed experiments in superstring theory that creates a singularity and whose radiation alters his physical make-up. When the singularity threatened to expand and destroy his universe, he enters it in an attempt to save the universe but instead finds himself on an interdimensional bridge to another universe as his own is wiped out, unable to stop it. At the end of the bridge, he finds Superman Prime who came to help but was too late. Stranded, he searches this universe for remnants of the one he lost, in time taking the name the Atom and joining the Justice Legion Alpha when he helped them defeat the Bizarro-Legion. This Atom's powers differ from his predecessors in that he doesn't shrink but breaks up into several smaller duplicates of himself divided amongst his mass. At atomic size, these duplicates can mimic elements such as gold and oxygen.Enemies
Each of the versions of Atom have their own enemies:Golden Age enemies
- Black Dragon Society - A Japanese saboteur organization.
- Blackie -
- Cootie Gang - A gang who stole a solvant that can dissolve metal from a science lab.
- Dude Henwick - A gangster who led his gang in robbing an ice cream parlor.
- Emperor of America -
- Lefty Lou Albano -
- Perry Poodle - A baseball player who invents a machine that would enable him to cheat at baseball even when two criminals take advantage of him. Atom exposed to Perry what the two criminals were doing behind his back and defeated them. Some of the money Perry made was split between the donation to the Policeman's Ball and to Perry and his impoverished mother.
- Rattlesnake Pete -
- Raymond Macum - A science fraud.
- Scrime -
- Stroehm - A gangster who framed Mr. Baker for arson in order to get to the copper deposit on his property.
- Tusk - John Brandt is a criminal with tusks on his lower jaw.
Modern enemies
- Bug-Eyed Bandit - A scientist who controls robotic insects.
- Calculator - A criminal genius.
- Chronos - A time-traveling villain.
- Dean Mayland - The dean at Ivy University who dislikes Atom.
- Deraegis - A Katarthan chancellor.
- Doctor Light - A light-themed villain who is usually an enemy of the Teen Titans.
- Dwarfstar - A size-shifting supervillain.
- Floronic Man - A plant-controlling botanist.
- Giganta - A size-shifting supervillain who is usually an enemy of Wonder Woman.
- Lady Chronos - A Chinese woman who came across Chronos' research.
- Strobe - A criminal who stole an experimental suit that grants him energy projection and photokinesis.
- Thinker - A telepathic supervillain. He once fought both Atoms during one of his illegal activities.
- Waiting - A microscopic race who have their cities on the back of dogs.
- Weapons Master - A supervillain from the year 11,960 who is an expert at mechanical engineering.
Foes of lesser renown
- Bat-Knights - A group of six-inch high warriors from the tribe of Elvana who ride on bats. They were manipulated by a crook named Eddie Gordon until he was defeated by Atom. The Bat-Knights were manipulated by Eddie again when he escaped from prison.
- Big Gang - A gang who uses big gimmicks and target big items in their heists.
- * Big Head - The mastermind and leader of the Big Gang.
- * Big Ben - The Big Gang's timing specialist.
- * Big Bertha - The Big Gang's strongest member.
- * Big Cheese - A member of the Big Gang who uses specially-made cheeses that have different properties.
- * Big Deal - A magician and card trick specialist who is the latest member of the Big Gang.
- * Big Shot - The Big Gang's marksman.
- * Big Wig - The Big Gang's master of disguise who utilizes different wigs.
- Billy Knolles - A toymaker who poses as a handyman to map out rich people's houses for his heists.
- Black Phantom - A costumed criminal who leaves a thumbprint as his calling card.
- Blacksnake - A CIA Agent.
- Cannoneer - A human cannonball who turned to a life of crime and fought Atom and Batman.
- Carl Ballard - A criminal who took advantage of the alien Kulan Dar.
- Druid - The ruler of the sub-atomic world of Catamoore which is governed by magic. He is also an old enemy of Zatara.
- Eddie Gordon - A criminal who manipulated the Bat-Knights into doing his bidding until he was defeated by Atom. Eddie later escaped from prison and manipulated the Bat-Knights into working for him again thanks to the invention of the criminal scientist Luke Preston who was his cellmate.
- Elkins - A man whose camera hypnotizes people into doing his bidding.
- Gestalt - A group of elite scientific thinkers.
- Humbug - An artificial being created by the thoughts of the members of Gestalt.
- M'nagalah - A shapeless alien life form who was an old enemy of Swamp Thing.
- Man in the Ion Mask - William Jameson is a man who uses an ionic ray in which anyone in the vicinity of him would be temporarily paralyzed so that he can rob them. Man in the Ion Mask resurfaced years later where he collaborated with Bug-Eyed Bandit, Floronic Man, Man in the Ion Mask, Panther, Thinker, and Wizardo in attacking the Lighter Than Air Society.
- Oscar D. Dollar - A gentleman who blames himself for his Silver Dollar causing trouble. Atom discovered that the Silver Dollar in question was made from a chunk of White Dwarf Star Matter.
- Panther - A black panther-themed villain and leader of the Panther Gang. Panther resurfaced years later where he collaborated with Bug-Eyed Bandit, Floronic Man, Man in the Ion Mask, Thinker, and Wizardo in attacking the Lighter Than Air Society.
- Smarts - A colector and master planner.
- Sting - An old friend of Blacksnake who controls robotic bees.
- Swan Maiden - Dorothy Briggs is a swan-themed villain who used special effects and a slight disguise to pull off a trick where an actual swan robbed a bank. Her ruse was exposed by Atom who secretly recorded her confession.
- Toyboy - A criminal who uses his psychic power to animate toys and also possesses super-strength. Atom and Hawkman discovered that this was the evil side of Johnny Burns that manifested due to an exposure to the Photonoscope and a device that Ray Palmer was analyzing which affected his mother who worked as Ivy University's cleaning lady. When both Burns' were in the same area, the nice Burns disappeared and overcame the bad side in one body. After surrendering and being handed over to the police, Johnny was released into his mother's custody.
- Wizardo - Howard Crane is a magician, theater owner, and former quick change artist who performed a trick that enabled him to pose as astronaut Peter Venner and frame him for the crimes that he committed. Wizardo resurfaced years later where he collaborated with Bug-Eyed Bandit, Floronic Man, Man in the Ion Mask, Panther, and Thinker in attacking the Lighter Than Air Society.
Other versions
The Dark Knight Strikes Again
portrayed Ray Palmer as a major player in . He was taken prisoner by Lex Luthor and made to live in one of his own petri dishes for a period of months until his rescue by Catgirl. He was then instrumental in the liberation of Kandor.Tangent Comics
In the Tangent Comics imprint, the Atom is "Arthur Harrison Thompson", a subject of radiation testing on human beings. The first hero in the Tangent timeline, he inadvertently caused the Cuban missile crisis to escalate into a limited nuclear exchange that obliterated Florida and Cuba in 1962, unknown to his fellow Americans. Thompson was succeeded by his son, who was killed by the Tangent Comics version of the Fatal Five, and a grandson named Adam, who, in Tangent: Superman's Reign, is being held captive by Superman.It is suggested in the Tangent series that the Atom's name was at least in part chosen because of the abbreviation of his full name "Arthur Harrison Thompson" on his barracks door to simply "A. Thom."
Also in the Tangent series, the Atom's presence as America's first superhero during the 1960s has led to a huge cultural impact, and in this world many significant points in pop culture have been effected by his presence; for instance The Beatles choose to be called "The Atomiks", further more TV shows such as The Beverly Hillbillies became The Superman Hillbillies, The Dick Van Dyke Show became The Dick Van Hero Show and Get Smart became Get Powers.
Elseworlds
- Some other re-imaginings of the Atom include an appearance in League of Justice, a story portraying the Justice League in a The Lord of the Rings-type story where the Atom was recast as a wizard/fortune teller called "Atomus The Palmer".
- Al Pratt as the Atom was one of the three heroes who chose to work at the side of Senator Thompson in The Golden Age. When Al discovers that Thompson is really the Ultra-Humanite, he joins the other heroes against the villain and Dyna-Man.
- The Al Pratt Atom appeared in ' as a post-WW2 intelligence agent with transparent atomic flesh and a visible skeleton.
- ' where Ray Palmer worked with a science consortium whose numbers at one point included Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla.
- ', after Ray Palmer is killed in the cosmic storm that nearly wipes out the rest of the male population on Earth, a graduate student named Jill Athron' is given a research grant to study Palmer's white-dwarf-star-belt. She becomes the Atom and joins the Justice League.
- Atom evolved from a hawkman that had evolved from Robin in the Just Imagine...'' comic book.
52 Multiverse
In Countdown #30, the Challengers from Beyond encountered Earth-15, a world where the sidekicks had taken their mentor's places. On this Earth, the Atom is Jessica Palmer, a genius who graduated from MIT at age eight. The Search for Ray Palmer - Red Son features the Ray Palmer of Earth-30, an American captured by the Superman of a communist Russia. also depicts the Ray Palmer of Earth-6, who through unknown circumstances now has the powers and title of the Ray. The Search For Ray Palmer: Superwoman/Batwoman briefly features a female version of The Atom.
On the newly introduced Earth-52, Atomarsupial is one of the metasimian Primate Legion
Collected editions
''Ray Palmer''
''Ryan Choi''
In other media
Television
Live-action
- The Atom appeared in "The Roast", the second of two 1979 live-action TV specials aired under the umbrella title Legends of the Superheroes. In "The Roast", the Atom is engaged to marry villainess Giganta.
- The Atom appeared in the 1997 live action TV series pilot, Justice League of America played by John Kassir.
- Atom appears in the Smallville episode "Absolute Justice" played by Glenn Hoffman. He is a super hero in the 1970s and a physics professor at Calvin College, who was arrested during a student protest and framed for the crime of fraud by the government in a mission to take down the JSA. However, he was never convicted of any crime. As the law was now aware of his superhero identity, Pratt retired from heroics. As Doctor Fate later stated, "The Atom split".
Arrowverse
Ray Palmer
- Ray Palmer first appeared as a recurring character in Arrows third season. He is introduced as a brilliant scientist with an I.Q. of 140, 4 PhDs, and the CEO of Palmer Technologies, which used to be Queen Consolidated before Ray bought and rebranded it. After his fiance, Anna Loring, was murdered by Deathstroke's soldiers during the second season, he vowed to never let anything like that happen again. To achieve this, he devoted much of his efforts to building an exo-suit with built-in weapons and flight capability. He also had plans to rebuild Starling City and rechristen it as "Star City". He hired Felicity Smoak to work for him and eventually started dating her, which made Oliver Queen jealous. After successfully building his suit, Ray discovered Oliver's identity as the "Arrow" and his affection for Felicity, so he planned to apprehend him. Upon learning Oliver was being framed by a criminal who targeted Felicity next, Ray saved her. Though he was shot during the rescue, he used micro-technology to save himself. By the season finale, Ray broke up with Felicity and assisted Oliver's team in defeating Ra's al Ghul from destroying Starling City before he was apparently killed in an explosion while working on new technology for his suit. In season four, Ray was presumed dead, leading to Starling City being renamed "Star City" in his honor and Felicity inheriting Palmer Technologies. In reality, Ray survived via his micro-tech, which shrunk him and his suit to a miniature size. He attempted to contact Felicity, with no success as she had left the city when the explosion occurred. However, one of his messages was intercepted by Damien Darhk, who captured Ray and attempted to use his technology for sinister means. Once Felicity eventually discovered Ray was alive and in Darhk's captivity, she worked with Oliver and his team to rescue him and restore him to his normal size. Upon learning that Star City largely did not care about him following his apparent death, Ray chose to maintain the deception until he could figure out how to move on with his life.
- Routh appeared as Ray during The Flashs first season episode, "All-Star Team-Up"; wherein he helped the titular character combat a villain using a swarm of robotic bees to attack those who ruined her career.
- Routh also appears as Ray in the spin-off series Legends of Tomorrow as part of the main cast. In the first season, he is recruited by time-traveler Rip Hunter to help him defeat the immortal Vandal Savage across the timeline as one of his "Legends". Believing he wasted his life and wishing to revitalize it, Ray accepted due in part to his enthusiasm and optimism overriding his lack of practical experience, which occasionally presented itself throughout the show. While working with the Legends, he used dwarf star-based technology to grant his exo-suit the ability to shrink to miniature size and grow to gigantic proportions like his comic book counterpart He also assisted in turning the Legends' historian ally Nate Heywood into the superhero Steel and entered a relationship with Damien Darhk's daughter, Nora; eventually going on to marry her and leave the Legends in the show's fifth season so they could live out their lives together.
- Routh also reprised his role for a minor appearance in the animated web series Vixen.
Ryan Choi
- In The Flashs fifth season opener, the titular character's future daughter Nora Allen mentions Ryan Choi as the designer of his Flash ring suit. Choi later made his live-action debut in the 2019 Arrowverse crossover "Crisis on Infinite Earths". He is depicted as a scientist who works at Ivy Town University and a fan of Ray Palmer's with previous experience in miniaturization. He was recruited by Ray, Elongated Man, and Iris West to help them save the Multiverse from destruction due to his status as a Paragon before joining six other "Paragons" in defeating the Anti-Monitor. Following this, Choi returned to his family.
Animated
- In The Superman/Aquaman Hour of Adventure, Ray Palmer appeared in his own episodes and in the Justice League of America segments along with Superman, The Flash, Green Lantern, and Hawkman. He was voiced by Pat Harrington, Jr., who would be better known a decade later for his role as Dwayne F. Schneider on the sitcom One Day at a Time.
- Ray also made occasional appearances on The All-New Super Friends Hour and Super Friends voiced by Wally Burr.
- A futuristic version of Atom named Micron voiced by Wayne Brady appears in Batman Beyond two part episode "The Call", he is a member of Justice League Unlimited. After a rather intense but successful training session, Micron got a distress call from an unknown source about a monorail gone haywire. After saving the only person on board ― its driver ― he tried to prevent the monorail from colliding with another coming in the opposite direction. Micron disengaged the train from its track, and then derailed it. Right when he tried to get out of the plummeting train, the door suddenly closed and a force-field barricaded Micron inside. The train crashed into a building, leaving Micron badly injured. Little did he know that the person responsible for the wreck was Superman, who was under the control of Starro. Micron was placed in a stasis field, where he slowly recovered. Sometime later, Starro/Superman tried to sabotage the field and finish Micron off. However, this attempt was promptly interrupted by the other Leaguers. A battle ensued, and Micron mustered enough strength to get out of the tank, and snatched Superman with his magnified hand. However, he was still feeble, so Superman easily knocked him unconscious. Micron was then returned to the stasis field, where he most likely recovered in short time.
- In the Justice League episode "Hereafter Pt. 2" Vandal Savage mentions his attempted theft of one of Ray Palmer's inventions resulted in the death of everyone except Savage.
- Ray Palmer eventually appeared in Justice League Unlimited voiced by John C. McGinley. He first appears in "The Return" to help Lex Luthor defend himself against Amazo by building a nanotechnology-disabling laser that would deactivate Amazo. When it fails, Atom shrinks himself and Lex Luthor only for Amazo to follow them. In "Dark Heart", Atom helps the Justice League disable a grey goo-like alien weapon known as the Dark Heart which uses nanotechnology to replicate its forces. He manages to disable it, which also deactivated its forces. The Atom's final vocalized appearance was in "Clash," when he examined a device built by Lex Luthor which Superman had mistaken for a bomb. In "Panic in the Sky," Atom was shown in his small form unconscious before Supergirl's fight with Galatea.
- The Ryan Choi version of the Atom appears in the series ' voiced by James Sie. The Atom helps Batman stop evil sorcerer Felix Faust from opening Pandora's Box in "Evil Under the Sea!". He re-appeared along with Aquaman to save Batman from a virus created by Chemo in "Journey to the Center of the Bat!". A mind-controlled Ryan Choi appears in "The Siege of Starro! Part One", demonstrating the ability to grow to giant sizes, which he uses to prevent Batman from destroying a signal leading Starro to Earth. He also appears in the teaser for "The Criss Cross Conspiracy!", where he, Batman, and Aquaman battle the Bug-Eyed Bandit. In "Sword of the Atom!", a retired Ryan is coerced by Aquaman into helping Batman find Ray Palmer. At the episode's end, Ryan redons the Atom mantle.
- * Atom has a Crime Syndicate counterpart called Dyna-Mite