Bhojpur district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Biharstate in northern India. Arrah town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Bhojpur district came into existence in 1972. Earlier it was the part of Shahabad district. This district is named "Bhojpur" after great Parmara King Bhoja as most early settlers were Rajput rulers of Parmara dynasty then called as Ujjainiya. In the year 1972, Shahabad district was bifurcated in two parts namely Bhojpur and Rohtas. Buxar was a subdivision of old Bhojpur district then. In 1992, Buxar became a separate district and presently the rest of Bhojpur district has now three sub-divisions – Ara Sadar, Jagdishpur and Piro.
Geography
Bhojpur district occupies an area of. It is located at a longitude of 83° 45' to 84° 45' East and the latitude is 25° 10' to 25° 40' North and is situated at a height of 193 meters above sea level.
Till 1972, Bhojpur was part of old Shahabad District. The present district of Bhojpur came into existence in 1972, when Shahabad district was bifurcated in two parts namely Bhojpur and Rohtas. From 1972 to 1992, Buxar was a sub-division of Bhojpur district only. Later in 1992 Buxar district got separated from Bhojpur district. Bhojpur falls under Patna division. The district has got 1209 villages, 36 police stations and 1 municipality, Arrah, which has now become a Municipal Corporation. Presently Bhojpur district has three Sub-Divisions ie Ara Sadar, Jagdishpur and Piro which is further divided into 14 Blocks These 14 Blocks consists of 228 Gram Panchayats and 1,244 Villages.
The climate of the district is of moderately extreme type. The summers are hot and the winter are cool. Most of the rain that the district receives is from the South- West monsoon, during July and August. Winters are quite dry and light showers may take place during the Rabi crop.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census Bhojpur district, Bihar has a population of 2,728,407, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada. This gives it a ranking of 145th in India. The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 21.27%. Bhojpur has a sex ratio of 907females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 72.79%.
Religion
Languages
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 97.46% of the population in the district spoke Hindi and 2.50% Urdu as their first language, though Bhojpuri Language is mostly spoken by all but the government of India considers it a dialect of Hindi. So the Bhojpuri speaking demography are counted as Hindi speakers. Languages include Bhojpuri, a language with almost 2,000,000 speakers, according to the study of 'Times of India Daily' written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts, Hindi and Urdu.
Meira Kumar, first woman speaker of the Lok Sabha. She was a Union Minister during UPA-I. She has also served as Indian ambassador to Spain and the UK.
Anant Sharma, Governor of the State of Punjab and the West Bengal. Union Minister in Government of India, for Ministries of Communications, Surface Transport, Shipping and Civil Aviation during Indira Gandhi's time.
Abdul Qaiyum Ansari, freedom fighter, President of All India Momin conference through which he fought against Jinnah's two nation theory, cabinet minister of Bihar, member of parliament.