Camulus


Camulus or Camulos was a theonym for a deity of the Celts that the Romans equated with Mars in the interpretatio Romanum.
Camulus was an important god of early Great Britain and Gaul, especially among the Belgae and the Remi, a Gaulish people living in the region that is now modern Grand Est around Reims.

Evidence

Evidence of Camulus' popularity can be seen in several place-names, notably Camulodunum.
Camulus is named in combination with Mars in inscriptions coming from Reims, Arlon, Kruishoutem, Rindern, Mainz, Bar Hill Fort near the Antonine Wall, Sarmizegetusa, and Southwark, London.
The town Camulodunum in Essex may have been named after him. Camulodunum is a Latinised form of the Brittonic Camulodūnon from Camulos plus dūnon "fort, stronghold", a reference to the town's extensive Iron Age earthwork defences.

Other proposed connections

Attempts from the 20th century and earlier to link the name Camulus with the nursery rhyme character Old King Cole, and with Irish mythological Cumhall, the hero Fionn's father, have been rejected by contemporary scholars.