Cardston
Cardston is a town in Alberta, Canada. The land on which Cardston was founded was originally inhabited by the Niitsitapi people of Kainai but was not considered part of Blackfoot Territory by the Government of Canada in the Treaty 7 agreement of 1877.
Cardston was established in 1887 by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who travelled from Utah, via the Macleod-Benton Trail, to Alberta in one of the century's last wagon migrations. The founder of the town was Charles Ora Card. The combined church and school was completed by January 29 the following year after their arrival.
Cardston has been a "dry" town for 115 years, and there are no licensed premises in which to use video lottery terminals. In 1951, 75% of Cardston's 3500 residents were members of the Church of Latterday Saints. It remains at about 80%, as of 2014.
Geography
Cardston is situated in the foothills of southwest Alberta, approximately north from the American state of Montana. On its north side, it borders the Kainai Nation Reserve, one of the largest reserves in North America. to the west of Cardston are the Rocky Mountains of Waterton Lakes National Park. Cardston is southwest of Lethbridge and south of Calgary.- Coordinates:
- Elevation:
- Land Area :
Demographics
In the 2011 Census, the Town of Cardston had a population of 3,580 living in 1,208 of its 1,322 total dwellings, a 3.7% change from its 2006 population of 3,452. With a land area of, it had a population density of in 2011.
The population of the Town of Cardston according to its 2007 municipal census is 3,578.
Age | Male | Female | Total |
0–4 | 115 | 140 | 255 |
5–14 | 335 | 310 | 645 |
15–19 | 175 | 180 | 355 |
20–24 | 105 | 100 | 205 |
25–34 | 125 | 160 | 285 |
35–44 | 175 | 210 | 385 |
45–54 | 165 | 200 | 365 |
55–64 | 125 | 155 | 280 |
65–74 | 135 | 170 | 305 |
75+ | 150 | 260 | 410 |
Totals | 1600 | 1870 | 3470 |
Source: Statistics Canada 2001 Census
1996 | 2001 | |
Total number of families | 730 | 760 |
Average family income | $53,750 | $52,939 |
Median family income | $46,503 | $48,004 |
Source: Statistics Canada 1996 & 2001 Census
Climate
Cardston experiences a humid continental climate. Along with the rest of southern Alberta, Cardston is subject to chinooks, which often bring temperatures in mid-winter well above. This same pattern results in more than 200 days of wind a year.Weather records:
- Hottest Temperature: on 23 July 2007
- Coldest Temperature: on 28 January 1929
- Most Rain In One Day: on 6 June 1995
- Most Snow In One Day: on 4 May 1919
- Deepest Snow Cover: on 29 April 1967
Economy
Attractions
Cardston has a soccer park, ball parks, a golf course, an ice skating rink, a swimming pool, tennis courts, hiking trails, a skateboard park, several recreation parks, picnic areas and playgrounds. St. Mary's Dam reservoir northeast of Cardston supports water sports in the summer months.Local attractions
;Cardston Alberta Temple:The Cardston Alberta Temple is Cardston's most recognized landmarks. It was constructed by Mormon pioneers. Built in 1923, it was the first temple constructed by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints outside of the United States. It remained the only temple in Canada until the Toronto Ontario Temple was built in 1990.;Remington Carriage Museum:The Remington Carriage Museum houses the largest collection of horse-drawn vehicles in North America, with more than 250 carriages, wagons and sleighs. The facility features video displays, a fire hall, carriage factory, restoration shop, working stable, carriage rides, carriage rentals, a restaurant, and a gift shop. Guided tours are offered for free. On April 9, 2006, the museum was briefly mentioned on TV in Canada as a destination of Patty and Selma's vacation during the Kiss Kiss, Bang Bangalore episode of The Simpsons.
;The Carriage House Theatre: This theatre was constructed in 1912 by Mark Spencer, and underwent renovations in 1937 and 1992. It seats 350 and hosts films, community theatre and professional summer theatre, which has produced such shows as Seussical, Oklahoma, and Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat.
;Card Pioneer Home:A genuine "Little House on the Prairie", it was built by Cardston's founder Charles Ora Card in 1887, and served as a community centre and stopping place for travellers until the first hotel was built in 1894. The log structure stands in its original location and is open for public visits as a Registered Provincial Historic site.
;Courthouse Museum:The Courthouse Museum shows how a rough country changed dramatically. The unique sandstone structure was built in 1907 from stone quarried near Cardston. The building's profile and interior stand as a monument to Cardston's early pioneer artisans. It was used longer than any other courthouse in Alberta. The building displays the judge's bench, witness box, and other artifacts. Original jail cells, including graffiti, can be found. The Courthouse Museum is a Registered Provincial Historic site,
Regional attractions
;Waterton Lakes National ParkWaterton Lakes National Park is a national park in the southwest corner of Alberta, 40 km west of Cardston, and borders Glacier National Park in Montana, USA. Waterton Lakes was Canada's fourth national park, formed in 1895. Amid the peaks are the lakes of Waterton Lakes National Park, carved out of the rock by glaciers.
;Frank Slide Interpretive Centre
On April 29, 1903, at 4:10 a.m., the mining town of Frank, Alberta, was devastated by 82 million tonnes of limestone crashing down from Turtle Mountain. The Frank Slide Interpretative Centre in the Crowsnest Pass, 130 km northwest of Cardston, tells of one of the greatest natural disasters in Canadian history.
;Castle Mountain Ski Resort
Castle Mountain Resort 90 km west of Cardston has kilometres of groomed skiing runs, natural half pipes, deep fresh powder, short lift lines and wide open spaces.
;Writing On Stone Provincial Park
Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, 125 km east of Cardston, is one of the largest areas of protected prairie in the Alberta park system, a nature preserve and protection for rock art created by Plains People. There are 50 rock art sites, with thousands of figures, as well as archaeological sites.
;Police Outpost Provincial Park
Police Outpost Provincial Park is south of Cardston, on the Canada/United States border, on the shores of Outpost Lake.
Education
Schools include the Cardston High School, the Cardston Jr. High School, and Cardston Elementary School which are all under the Westwind School Division.Former schools include Leeside and Westside. The building that housed many of the junior high facilities, E.J. Wood School, Parkland School, and John S. Smith Schools were torn down in 1993 as the junior high moved to the former Eastridge building. The Cardston High School underwent extensive renovations in the early 2000s, including an expansion to its gymnasium, much-improved fitness and weight room facilities, wider hallways, and a new cafeteria.
Media
;Historical newspapers- The Cardston News was first published in 1924 and was a weekly until 1925. During 1924–1925, the newspaper was edited and published by Fred Burton. It was later taken over by D.O. Wight, editor and managing director from September 17, 1925 until June 9, 1936. Fred Burton took over as publisher on June 16, 1936. The Cardston News was taken over by Gordon F. West On May 7, 1964.
- The Cardston Record began publication on August 6, 1898 and was published weekly until September 1901.
Notable people
- Victor L. Brown, world leader in the LDS Church
- Ben Cahoon, CFL slotback who won three Grey Cup championships with the Montreal Alouettes.
- Elaine L. Jack, world leader in the LDS Church
- Merlin R. Lybbert, world leader in the LDS Church
- Shawna Molcak, Basketball player who played for Canada in the 1996 Summer Olympics
- Grant Strate, dancer and choreographer
- Edward J. Wood, leader in the LDS Church
- George Woolf, jockey
- Fay Wray, actress