Chhattisgarhi language


Chhattisgarhi or as is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by 18 million people in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It is closely related to Awadhi, Bagheli and Odia .
Chhattisgarhi has been known by the name Khaltahi to surrounding hill-people and by the name Loriya to speakers in neighboring regions of Odisha to Chhattisgarh.
The speakers are concentrated in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh and in adjacent areas of Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Jharkhand.
Chhattisgarhi cultural and political movements, with origins from the 1920s, affirmed Chhattisgarhi linguistic and cultural identity and sought greater autonomy within India. It was 1 November, 2000 when 16 districts in the state of Madhya Pradesh became the new state of Chhattisgarh.

Classification

Chhattisgarhi is most closely related to other Eastern Hindi languages such as Bagheli and Awadhi, forming part of the East-central zone of the Indo-Aryan languages.
Its precise relationship to Hindi is complex, and as with other members of the Hindustani dialect continuum, its status as a dialect or separate language is to some degree a judgment call. According to the Indian Government, Chhattisgarhi is an eastern dialect of Hindi, but it is classified as a separate language in Ethnologue.

Vocabulary

dialects consist of Chhattisgarhi, Awadhi, and Bagheli. All three dialects are closely related to each other. Chhattisgarhi, due to its heavy indigenous vocabulary and grammar, has always been treated as a distinct language. Awadhi and Bagheli are very closely associated with each other. Bagheli has been treated as separate from Awadhi due to its regional association with Baghelkhand; otherwise, it is considered a southern form of Awadhi.
EnglishChhattisgarhiAwadhiBagheli
andअउ अउर अउर
fatherददा बाप बाबू
rightजेवनी दाहिना दाए
treeरुख पेड़ पेड़
youतें,तेहा तें तय
comeआवव आओ आ
goodबने बढ़िया बढ़िया
nameनाव नाम नाम
pondतरिया तालाब तलाउ

Dialects

Chhattisgarhi has five different main dialect clusters on the basis of geographical division:
  1. Kedri Chhattisgarhi
  2. : This is purest form Chhattisgarhi, which is spoken in most of the Mahanadi Basin. Kedri Chhattisgarhi is uninfluenced by any other languages except Hindi. It is mostly spoken in the Bilaspur, Durg, Bemetara, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Dhamtari, and Kanker Districts of Chhattisgarh.
  3. Utti Chhattisgarhi
  4. : Utti Chhattisgarhi, also known as Laria, is mostly spoken in the Raigarh, Mahasamund, Gariaband, and Raipur Districts of Chhattisgarh.
  5. Budati / Khaltahi Chhattisgarhi
  6. : Marathi-language influence can be seen in Khaltahi Chhattisgarhi. It is mostly spoken in the Balaghat District of Madhya Pradesh and in the Kabirdham and Bemetara Districts of Chhattisgarh.
  7. Bhandar Chhattisgarhi
  8. : Also known as Sargujia Chhattisgarhi, it is mostly spoken in the Koria, Surajpur, Sarguja, Jashpur, and Balrampur Districts of Chhattisgarh.
  9. Rakshahun Chhattisgarhi
  10. : Mostly spoken in Dandkaranya region of Chhattisgarh. Godi and Halbi are other dialects which are widely spoken here.
In addition to Chhattisgarhi Proper, other dialects of Chhattisgarhi are Baighani, Bhulia, Binjhwari, Kalanga, Kavardi, Khairagarhi, Sadri Korwa, and Surgujia. Surgujia is considered by some to be a distinct language.

Writing

Chhattisgarhi, like Hindi, is written using the Devanagari script, although it used to be written using the Odia script.

Chhattisgarhi Language Day

Chhattisgarhi Language Day is celebrated every year on November 28 across the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. This day is regulated by the state government.

Film industry

After the formation of the new state, films in the Chhattisgarhi language attracted artists everywhere around India. World-renowned vocalist Lata Mangeshkar and many others have sung songs in Chhattisgari. As the film industry is growing at a fast pace, Chhattisgarhi-language cinema it is now popularly known as Chhollywood.