Chromosome 2

Evolution

• The correspondence of chromosome 2 to two ape chromosomes. The closest human relative, the chimpanzee, has nearly identical DNA sequences to human chromosome 2, but they are found in two separate chromosomes. The same is true of the more distant gorilla and orangutan.
• The presence of a vestigial centromere. Normally a chromosome has just one centromere, but in chromosome 2 there are remnants of a second centromere in the q21.3–q22.1 region.
• The presence of vestigial telomeres. These are normally found only at the ends of a chromosome, but in chromosome 2 there are additional telomere sequences in the q13 band, far from either end of the chromosome.

  Genes

Number of genes

List of genes

p-arm

q-arm

Related disorders and traits

• 2p15-16.1 microdeletion syndrome
• Autism
• Alport syndrome
• Alström syndrome
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Congenital hypothyroidism
• Crigler-Najjar types I/II
• Dementia with Lewy bodies
• Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
• Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, classical type
• Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, vascular type
• Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
• Gilbert's syndrome
• Harlequin type ichthyosis
• Hemochromatosis
• Hemochromatosis type 4
• Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
• Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis
• Juvenile primary lateral sclerosis
• Lactose intolerance
• Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency
• Maturity onset diabetes of the young type 6
• Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency
• Nonsyndromic deafness
• Primary hyperoxaluria
• Primary pulmonary hypertension
• Sitosterolemia
• Sensenbrenner syndrome
• Synesthesia
• Waardenburg syndrome

  Cytogenetic band