Dongmyo is a shrine in metropolitan Seoul built in honour of the 3rd centuryChinesemilitary commander, Guan Yu. The Joseon government embarked on construction in 1599 and completed the work in 1601. The Wanli Emperor of Ming provided funds for construction of the shrine, along with a plaque with his own calligraphy. Three shrines - Dongmyo, Seomyo and Bungmyo - were actually constructed in 1601. However, only Dongmyo Shrine remains today. There was no such practice as worshipping Guan Yu as a deity in Korea until Ming Dynastymilitary officers brought the custom during the military campaigns against Japan. As Neo-Confucian fundamentalists, Korean officers found it unacceptable to worship Guan Yu, but were unable to refuse the Chinese request for enshrinement. The construction was a burden to exhausted postwar Korea and the shrine was maintained only with concern for the relationship with China. Koreans remained indifferent toward these shrines for a long time. But during the reign of King Yeongjo, Dongmyo and Nammyo were incorporated into state rituals for the purpose of Ming worship linked with hostility toward and contempt for ManchuQing Dynasty. The shrine is surrounded by a wall of stone and mud, and covers an area of 9,315 m². Ceremonies were held here for many years to thank Guan Yu for divine support. The shrine compound is enclosed on all sides by walls. Two figures to the rear of the compound are of the general while other figures are images of retainers and other generals. The figure with a red face is the general's earthly countenance and the one with a yellow face, his spirit. The shrine, following the Chinese model, is narrower in width than depth, and the rear and side walls are sumptuously decorated with bricks. Inside the main shrine a wooden image of Guan Yu is enshrined, along with statues of four of his retainers. A nearby station on Line 1 and Line 6 of the Seoul Subway is named after shrine. The shrine is located in Jongno-gu.
