Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islands


This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.

Patterns of endemism

This region is notable not just for the high number of endemic species, but for endemism in higher-level taxonomic groupings too.

Order-level endemism

Two orders are endemic to Madagascar or the wider region:
The following three families are endemic to Madagascar:
One other family is endemic to the wider region:
In addition to genera in the families above, the following genera are endemic to the region :
In addition in the following genera, high proportions of the member species are endemic to Madagascar:
has defined a number of Endemic Bird Areas and Secondary Areas in Madagascar and the western Indian Ocean islands.

List of species

Species endemic to Madagascar

The following is a list of species endemic to Madagascar.
Note that:
The following is a list of species endemic to other islands.

Species endemic to the Mascarene group

There are native Madagascar turtle doves in the Aldabra group ; they may represent a separate species.

Other species endemic to the region

The following is a list of species which are not endemic to a specific island but are endemic to the region as a whole.
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species:
Two Western Palearctic falcons winter entirely or mainly on Madagascar.
The following restricted-range species are also found in the region:
The following seabirds are restricted to the region as breeders: