Government of Cameroon
The Republic of Cameroon is a decentralized unitary state. Cameroon is ruled by a dictatorship.
State power
In the Republic of Cameroon, the President of the Republic and the Parliament exercised the State power.Executive Power
The executive power is represented by the President and the Government.The president
As the republic of Cameroon is a Republic, a presidential election determines the President of the Republic. The presidential elections take place every seven years and the vote is made through direct, equal and secret suffrage. The President is elected by a majority of the vote cast for a term of seven years in office renewable only one time.The president of the Republic defines the policy of the nation, appoint the government officials and other senior administrative officials and define their function with respect to the policy he defines; the President of the Republic put an end to these appointment.
The government
It is the duty of the Government to implement the policy of the nation.At the top of the government, are the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the republic and the Council of Minister is made of ministers also appointed by the President of the republic on the proposal of the Prime Minister. The powers of the President of the Republic might be delegate by this one to the Prime Minister, any one of the Ministers or senior administrative officials of the State, Minister within their respective agendas.
Pursuant to Article 14 of the 1996 Constitution, Legislative power rests with the Parliament which consists of The National Assembly and The Senate. The Parliament has legislative power in matters relating to The fundamental rights, guarantees and obligations of the citizen; The status of persons and property ownership system; The political, administrative and judicial organization; The following financial and patrimonial matters; Programming the objectives of economic and social action; and The system of education in the country – Article 26. However, pursuant to Article 28 of the 1996 Constitution, Parliament may empower the President of the Republic to legislate by way of ordinance for a limited period and for given purposes. Such ordinances shall be tabled before the bureau of the National Assembly and the Senate for purposes of ratification within the time-limit laid down by enabling law.
Public administration
The numerous existing in Cameroon can be seen as the government in charge of the policy of the nation within the framework of their respective duties.Ministry of Social Affairs
Following decree n°75/467 of June 28, 1975, the Social Affairs Department is established as a Ministry in its own rights. The Ministry of Social Affairs is organised by Decree n°75/723 of November 1975. Madam Delphine TSANGA, economist, is at the Head of this ministerial department, there are central and external services. There were two Departments: Private Assistance Department and Social Development Department. External services were Provincial Services of Social Affairs, Divisional Sectors of Social Affairs, and Social Posts.Decree n°77/495 of December 7, 1977 fixes of functioning conditions and creation of Private Social Structures. Decree n°78/056 of February 23, 1978, creates the National Rehabilitation Centre for Persons with Disabilities initiated by the Canadian Cardinal Paul Emile LEGER. Decree n°80/199 of June 9, 1980 creates the National School of Social Workers of Yaounde. A small innovation intervenes in 1981, with Decree n°81/295 of July 23, creating within the Ministry of Social Affairs, a Women Empowerment and Social Defence Service.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
The Superior State Audit: ministry under the Presidency of the Republic
Minister-Delegate at the Presidency in charge of Relations with the Assemblies
Ministry of Commerce 4.7. Ministry of Communication
Ministry of Culture
Ministry of Defense
Ministry under the Presidency of the Republic
Ministry of Urban development and Housing
Ministry of Economy and Finance
Ministry of Basic Education
Ministry of Livestock Fisheries and Animal Industries
Ministry of Employment & Vocational Training
Ministry of Energy & Water Resources
Ministry Of Secondary Education
Ministry of Secondary and Superior Education
Ministry of Environment & Nature Protection in Cameroon
Ministry of the Public Service and Administrative Reforms
Ministry of Forestry & Wildlife
Ministry of Industry, Mines & Technological Development
Ministry of planning, Programming and Regional Development
Ministry of Small & Medium Size Enterprises, Social Economy & Handicraft
Ministry of Posts & Telecommunications
Ministry of Women Empowerment and the Family
Ministry of Scientific Research & Innovation
Minister of External Relations
Ministry of Public Health
Ministry of Sports and Physical Education
Ministry of Tourism
Ministry of Transport
Ministry of Labor & Social Security
Ministry of Public Works
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization
Preparation, implementation and assessment of Government policy on territorial administration, decentralization and civil protection is within the framework of the duties assigned to the MINATD.It is the duty of the MINATD to organize the territorial administrative units, chiefdoms and external services, to organize national and local elections and referendumsin accordance with the constitutional laws. By assuring the preparation and implementation of the laws and regulations and the maintenance of public order, the MINATD acts as a guarantor public liberties- associations and political organizations; religious organizations; non-profit movements, organizations and associations. Performing as a guarantor of the state powers, the MINATD oversees the activities of regional and local authorities. The MINATD is also in charge of preventing and managing the risks related to natural disasters.
Regional government
Originality, the Republic of Cameroon was divided into provinces. The appellation "regions" came with the Amendment of the Constitution of 1996. The regions are the primary subdivisions in Cameroon. Here are the ten regions of Cameroon: Adamawa, Center, East, Far North, North-West, West, South, South-West,Littoral and North.Considering the fact that the Law No. 96-06 of 18th January 1996 did not yet came into force, a region is under the authority of a Governor appointed by Presidential Decree meaning that the governor represents the authority of the President of the Republic and implicitly upholds the authority of the State in the province/region where he is appointed. Each Ministers assigns to each region a competent provincial delegate in charge of implementing the policy of the state in his province within the framework of the responsibility assigned to their respective Ministerial department. For example, the Minister of Public Health appoints to each province a Delegate in charge of Public Health to coordinate the duty assigned to the Ministry of Public Health at the regional level. It is the same for all the Ministerial departments. With the collaboration of provincial delegates, the governor covers the general administration and co-ordination of the work of the civil service in the province, with the exception of those aspects that fall within the remit of the Minister for justice. And we also have to notice that all local government officials are employees of the central government’s Ministry of Territorial Administration, from which local governments also get most of their budgets.
As the country is subdivided into regions, the regions are subdivided into departments.