Gyula, Hungary


Gyula is a town in Békés County, Hungary. The town is best known for its Medieval castle and a thermal bath. Ferenc Erkel, the composer of the Hungarian national anthem, and Albrecht Dürer the Elder, the father of Albrecht Dürer, also were born in Gyula.

Geography

Gyula is located in the Great Hungarian Plain on the River Fehér-Körös, southeast from Budapest and from the border with Romania. The Békéscsaba-Gyula-Kötegyán railway line and Highway 44 also cross the town. Highway 44 is a four-lane expressway between Gyula and the county seat Békéscsaba.

Name

Gyula is named after the Medieval Hungarian ruler Gyula III. Gyula was also a title among the Hungarian tribes and still a popular given name for boys.

History

The first recorded reference to Gyula was in a document dated 1313 which mentions a monastery called Gyulamonostora. By 1332 the settlement around the monastery was called Gyula. The construction of Gyula Castle began in the 14th century but finished only in the mid-16th century. It was the property of the Maróthy family and later John Corvinus, the illegitimate son of Matthias Corvinus. Turks conquered Gyula in 1566 and the town remained part of the Ottoman Empire until liberated by Christian troops in 1694. Due to the wars, most of the native Hungarian population fled from Gyula and Békés County became near uninhabited. The landowner János Harruckern invited German, Hungarian, and Romanian settlers, who re-established the town in the early 18th century. Gyula became a popular tourist destination in the 20th century. The thermal bath was established in 1942 and expanded in 1959, and the castle was restored in 1962.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census the total population of Gyula was 31,067, of whom there were 25,895 Hungarians, 974 Romanians, 971 Germans and 102 Romani by ethnicity. In Hungary, people can declare more than one ethnicity, so some people declared Hungarian and a minority one together. Gyula is the center of the small native Romanian community in Hungary.
In 2011 there were 5,726 Roman Catholic, 5,560 Hungarian Reformed, 606 Orthodox and 507 Lutheran in Gyula. 8,304 people were irreligious and 453 Atheist, while 9,012 people did not declare their religion.

Tourist attractions

The current mayor of Gyula is Dr. Ernő István Görgényi of the Fidesz-KDNP party.
The local Municipal Assembly has 14+1 members divided into this political parties and alliances:

Notable people

Born in Gyula

Gyula is twinned with: