Hawthorn Group
The Hawthorn Group is a stratigraphic unit that includes several geologic formations of Late Oligocene to Pliocene age in North Florida, United States. It is known for its phosphate rock resources, and for its rich assemblages of Neogene vertebrate fossils. It was originally called the Waldo Formation by L.C. Johnson of the United States Geological Survey in 1887, and later became the Hawthorne Group named for Hawthorne, Florida, where its phosphate-rich rock was quarried and processed for use as fertilizer.Age
Period: Neogene
Epoch: Miocene
Faunal stage: Chattian through early Blancan ~28.4 to ~2.588 mya, a period ofLocation
The Hawthorn Group extends from Suwannee County in the north and southward to Hernando County. It encompasses in part the counties of Gilchrist, Levy, Dixie, Citrus, Sumter, Alachua and Marion County. The Hawthorn is also present below undifferentiated sediments as well as the Tamiami Formation from Polk County south through Highlands, Glades, Hendry, Dade, Collier, and Monroe County at depths ranging from mean sea level near Polk to below 600 meters in Monroe Co. The Hawthorn overlies Ocala LimestoneSub-units
- Arcadia Formation
- Coosawhatchie Formation
- Peace River Formation
- Statenville Formation
- Torreya Formation
Paleofauna
Reptiles
- Apalone ferox
- Pseudemys caelata
- Terrapene
- Deirochelys
- Geochelone
- Alligator mississippiensis
- †Gavialosuchus americanus or Thecachampsa antiqua
- Typhlops
- Xenodontinae
- Heterodon
- Elaphe
- Lampropeltis getulus
- Nerodia
- Thamnophis
- Crotalinae
- Sistrurus
Birds
- Anserinae
- Podicipedidae
- Phalacrocoracidae
- Anhinga grandis
- Ciconiidae
- Phoenicopteridae
- Ardea
- Egretta
- Ardeola
- Aramidae
- Gruidae
- Rallidae
- Cathartidae
- Pandionidae
- Accipitridae
- Passeriformes
Mammals