India–Myanmar barrier
The India–Myanmar barrier is a border barrier that India is constructing to seal its -long border with Myanmar. India hopes to curtail cross-border crime, including goods, arms and counterfeit currency smuggling, drug trafficking, and insurgency. The United Nations Drug Control Programme and International Narcotics Control Board also warned that the region could become a major transit point for illicit drugs because of the poor state of border security facilities. Indian security forces blamed the porous border for the deaths of 200 security personnel and civilians in militancy-related violence in the region in 2001-2003. Four Northeast Indian states share the border with Myanmar: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Manipur. Both national governments agreed to conduct a joint survey before erecting the fence. The Indian Home Ministry and its Myanmar counterpart completed the survey within six months and in March 2003 began erecting a fence along the border.
Local protests
In 2004, fencing work in the state of Manipur along the border was stalled due to protests raised by the local Kuki and Naga communities. According to them, a huge stretch of land would become Myanmar's territory and foster unrest among people living on both sides of the border. The protests from people living in the Moreh, Chorokhunou, and Molchan areas forced the Home Ministry to refer the matter to the Manipur government. This fence will divide many ethnic communities, including the Lushei, Nagas, Chins, and Kukis whose lands straddle the regions between the two states. It is thus a highly sensitive issue. In 2007 it was reported that in the state of Manipur, a boundary dispute arose with ownership of nine border pillars being disputed.Indo-Myanmar Border Force
Indo-Myanmar Border Force is a proposed and soon-to-be-composed force of 29 battalions, 25 battalions from Assam Rifles and 4 battalions from Indo-Tibetan Border Police, to guard the long Indo-Myanmar border. IMBF will remain under ITBP and will patrol the border to the zero line.International border crossings
Designated immigration and customs crossings
Officially designated immigration and customs posts and :- Moreh, India to Tamu, Myanmar in Manipur
- Zorinpui International border crossing in Mizoram.
Other local border crossings
[Arunachal Pradesh] State
- Diphu Pass to Myanmar in Arunachal Pradesh is closer to China–Myanmar–India border
- Nampong to Pangsau Pass near Lake of No Return on Myanmarese side, via National Highway 153
[Manipur] State
- Behiang to Khenman via Tedim Road
- Moreh, India to Tamu, Myanmar, has an integrated immigration check post with customs
[Mizoram] State
- Zorinpui International border crossing, on Indo-Myanmar border on Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project, is away from Sittwe Port and from Aizawl-Saiha National Highway ) at Lawngtlai in Mizoram. NH-54 continues further to Dabaka in Assam via the long NH-54. NH-54 is part of the larger East-West Corridor connecting North East India with the rest of India. Almost complete. It is a designated customs and immigration post, open to all categories of international travelers with valid travel document and visa.
- Zokhawthar to Khawmawi and Rikhawdar via the bridge over the Harhva river
Maritime boundaries
Look-East Connectivity
Commerce with South and East Asian nations accounts for almost 45% of India's foreign trade. Myanmar and ASEAN nations are part of India's Look East policy. India is part of ASEAN+6, Asia Cooperation Dialogue, Asian Clearing Union, Asian Development Bank, Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal Initiative, BIMSTEC, East Asia Summit, Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, SAARC, South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Asian Highway Network and the Trans-Asian Railway network.Seaport development
- Sittwe Port, Myanmar's miltimodel port being developed by India
- Sabang Deepsea Port, jointly developed by India and Indonesia under strategic military and economic agreement, Indira Point, India's southernmost point, is close to Indonesia's Rondo Island and Ache Province.
India-Myanmar-China Stilwell Road revival
Discussions are also proceeding on reopening the World War II-era Stilwell Road linking India's Assam state with China's Yunnan province through Myanmar.India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway
, also known as the East-West Economic Corridor, is a from India to Vietnam highway under upgrade under India's Look East policy, that will connect Moreh, India with Mae Sot, Thailand via Myanmar. It is AH1 of Asian Highway Network. The road is expected to boost trade and commerce in the ASEAN–India Free Trade Area, as well as with the rest of Southeast Asia. India has also proposed extending the highway to Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.India and ASEAN have plans to extend this route to Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam as this connectivity will generate annually, an estimated US$70 billion in incremental GDP and 20 million in incremental aggregate employment by 2025, and India has offered US$1 billion line-of-credit for this project.
Imphal-Moreh-Mandalay national highway upgrade
Imphal-Moreh-Mandalay Highway currently exists. In May 2017, the Indian Ministry of Road Transport and Highway stated that it would spend an estimated to upgrade roads and highways in North East India in order to boost the region's connectivity with Myanmar and Bangladesh. Among these projects, the Ministry plans to widen the Imphal-Moreh highway in Manipur which currently serves as an important trade route between India and Myanmar. This would provide the Manipur's capital city of Imphal with direct access to the trilateral highway.Zokhawthar-Mandalay road strengthening
Mizoram-Kalemyo Highway is a road widening and strengthening project planned by India. In May 2017, the Indian Ministry of Road Transport also plans to construct a highway linking Zokhawthar-Rikhawdar near Champhai, a border town in Mizoram, with the trilateral highway at Kalemyo. This will serve as a second route providing direct connectivity from Mizoram to the trilateral highway.Mago-Thingbu to Vijaynagar Border Road
The Mago-Thingbu–Vijaynagar Border Highway, also known as Arunachal Frontier Highway, in Arunachal Pradesh India is a road proposed to be built along the McMahon Line by the Government of India at the cost of INR40,000 crore. Currently, along the alignment of this proposed road there is "little habitation" and there are only "small stretches of minor roads". An assessment by the Ministry of Defence in 2013 found that of the 503 stretches on the borders planned to be completed by 2022, only 17 were complete and work was underway on just 50. In 2014 October, Kiren Rijiju, Union Minister of State for Home Affairs of India was trying to expedite the project along with another proposed highway East-West Industrial Corridor Highway, Arunachal Pradesh in Arunachal Pradesh as he said "I am proposing to undertake this road along with another in the foothill areas of Arunachal Pradesh state from Bhairabkunda in Assam located at the tri-junction of Bhutan, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh to Ruksin in East Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh state which will serve as an industrial corridor for the people residing in the foothill areas of the state".Manipur-Mandalay bus service from 2018
Manipur-Mandalay bus service is pending subject to the signing of motor vehicle agreement. In September 2017, Indian ambassador to Myanmar announced that an Imphal-Mandalay India-Myanmar bus service will commence from 2018 after India and Myanmar sign the motor vehicle agreement.Imphal-Kalay-Mandalay flight
Imphal-Kalay-Mandalay flight is a proposed air service. In September 2017, Indian ambassador to Myanmar also proposed that a flight service from Imphal in Manipur to Mandalay via stopover in Kalay in Sagaing Division of Myanmar could be started under UDAN regional connectivity scheme. It was proposed to DoNER in 2012 and a successful trial run was conducted in December 2015.Tinsukia-Myitkyina railway
Tinsukia-Myitkyina railway is a proposed new railway link between the existing rail stations at Tinsukia-Doom Dooma in Assam state of India and Myitkyina in Kachin State of Myanmar, by laying new rail track via Shin Bway Yang and Sumprabum. Indian Railway uses broad gauge and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia use narrow gauge. In December 2017, India offered a US$1 billion line of credit to build connections to ASEAN nations.Imphal-Kalaymyo railway
Imphal-Kalaymyo railway is a proposed new railway link between the existing rail stations at Imphal in Manipur of India and Kalay in Myanmar. Indian Railway uses broad gauge and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia use narrow gauge. In December 2017, India offered a US1 billion line of credit to build connections to ASEAN nations.Aizawl-Wuntho railway
Aizawl-Wuntho railway is a proposed new railway link between the existing railway station at Wuntho in Myanmar and by extending the under construction Bairabi–Sairang line via Aizawl-Champhai in Mizoram of India to Wuntho in Myanmar which currently goes further north up to Myitkyina towards China–Myanmar border. These are to be taken up with assistance of India's 1 billion line of credit for connections to ASEAN nations.Aizawl-Kalaymyo railway
Aizawl-Kalaymyo railway is a proposed new railway link between the existing railway station Kalay in Myanmar and by extending the under construction Bairabi–Sairang line via Aizawl-Champhai in Mizoram of India to Kalay in Myanmar. These are to be taken up with assistance of India's 1 billion line of credit for connections to ASEAN nations.Aizawl-Kyauktaw-Sittwe railway
Aizawl-Kyauktaw-Sittwe railway is a proposed new railway link between the existing Kyauktaw-Sittwe railway in Myanmar and by extending the under construction Bairabi–Sairang line via Aizawl-Lunglei-Lawngtlai in Mizoram of India to Sittwe Port in Myanmar developed by India. Kyauktaw to Minbu is an under construction railway to link Sittwe with the exiting Myanmar railway network. These are to be taken up with assistance of India's 1 billion line of credit for connections to ASEAN nations.India-Myanmar-Thailand railway
India-Myanmar-Thailand railway is a proposed new railway link, parts of which already exist, by constructing missing links between Aizawl and Imphal to Myanmar railway network and by linking existing railway lines in southern Myanmar to the Thailand rail network in 2 locations:- Mongnai existing railway east in Myanmar to Chiang Mai in north-west Thailand
- Kyauk Shat or Dawei to Nam Tok near Bangkok
India-Myanmar-Thailand-Laos railway
Laos-Vietnam railway: In 2012, an agreement for the construction of 220-kilometre $5 billion line, from Savannakhet in south Laos to Port of Vũng Ang in Vietnam, via Mụ Giạ Pass and Tan Ap, was awarded to a Malaysian company "Giant Consolidated Limited" to complete the construction from 2013 to 2017. By December 2016, installation of corridor posts along the proposed railway right-of-way was completed. In future, Savannakhet is planned to be connected to the existing railway in Thailand at Khon Kaen or Ubon Ratchathani.
India-Myanmar-Thailand-Cambodia railway
India-Myanmar-Thailand-Cambodia railway link is a proposed new railway link, parts of which already exist, by constructing missing links between Aizawl and Imphal to Myanmar railway network, to Thailand, to Combodia to connect the rail network in Cambodia. Cambodia has existing rail link with Thailand at Poipet, though train services is currently suspended.India-Myanmar-Thailand-Cambodia-Vietnam railway
India-Myanmar-Thailand-Cambodia-Vietnam railway is a proposed new railway link, parts of which already exist, by constructing missing links between Aizawl and Imphal to Myanmar railway network, to Thailand, to Combodia to connect Vietnam Railways. Cambodia has existing rail link with Thailand at Poipet though train services is currently suspended and Phnom Penh-Hoa Lu-Dĩ An connection with Vietnam is under construction, while there is no current or planned rail connection to Laos. Indian Railway uses broad gauge and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia use meter gauge.India-Myanmar-Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore railway
India-Myanmar-Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore railway is a proposed new railway link as part of the Trans-Asian Railway, parts of which already exist, by using existing metre-gauge connections of Thai railway network to railway network in Malaysia and Kuala Lumpur–Singapore high-speed rail. Two rail crossings along the Malaysian-Thai border are:- Padang Besar, Malaysia-Padang Besar, Thailand: Both the Malaysian and Thai towns where the crossing is located are known by the same name. This crossing connects to Malaysia's West Coast trunk line and Thailand's main southern line to Bangkok via Hat Yai. Both Malaysian and Thai customs, immigration and quarantine formalities are conducted at Malaysia's Padang Besar railway station.
- Rantau Panjang-Sungai Kolok: On the Malaysian side, this bridge crossing is on a branch line which is connected to Malaysia's East Coast line. In Thailand, the crossing is connected to the Su-ngai Kolok branch line which links up with the main southern line at Hat Yai. The crossing is currently not in use.
India-Bangladesh Sabroom-Cox Bazar railway
India-Bangladesh Baraiya-Zokhawtar railway
This will extend the existing Sabroom in south Tripura on the border of Bangladesh to Baraiya -Chaggalnaiya -Manu Bazar -Sabroom-Khargachari-Magrum-NunsriLunglei-Aizawl-Zokhawtar-Kalemo.