Johannes Urzidil
Johannes Urzidil was a writer, poet, historian, born in Prague, he died in Rome. His father was a German Bohemian and his mother was Jewish.
Urzidil was educated in Prague, studying German, art history, and Slavic languages before turning to journalism and writing. His initial efforts in poetry were influenced by Expressionism, and were published under the pseudonym Hans Elmar. He also worked as a writer and editor of the monthly journal Der Mensch. Among his acquaintances during this period were Franz Werfel, Ludwig Winder and Franz Kafka. From 1922 until 1933 he advised the press section of the German embassy in Prague. When Czechoslovakia was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1939, he was dismissed from employment by the German embassy because of his being "Halbjude" and this situation caused Urzidil to emigrate to Great Britain. There he was financially supported by the British writer Bryher. In 1941 he and his wife, the poet Gertrude Urzidil, came to the United States, acquiring American citizenship in 1946.
Although he published poetry, Urzidil is best known for his prose which, though written in exile, reflects his Bohemian heritage just as well as his new American environment. Among his more notable works are the story Der Trauermantel about Adalbert Stifter′s youth, and his collections of short stories like , Prague Triptych, or Kidnapping and Seven Other Incidents. Urzidil's only novel The Great Hallelujah shows as literary collage in the tradition of John Dos Passos, Thomas Wolfe, and Alfred Döblin a manifold panorama of the United States as he experienced them since his arrival in 1941. He wrote also books and essays about cultural history, e. g. The Fortune of Presence. Goethe's View of America, America and the Ancient World, and There Goes Kafka, or monographs about artists and poets he admired, such as Hollar, a Czech émigré in England, or his opus magnum in this genre Goethe in Bohemia. More over Urzidil translated texts and books from Czech and English into German; worth mentioning is especially his translation of By Avon River by the American poet H.D., the companion of Urzidil's life-saver Bryher.
Urzidil won a number of prizes in his career, including the Charles Veillon Prize and the Großer Österreichischer Staatspreis. He died in Rome in 1970.
The main-belt asteroid 70679 Urzidil is named after Urzidil.
