L.A. Confidential (film)
L.A. Confidential is a 1997 American neo-noir crime film directed, produced and co-written by Curtis Hanson. The screenplay by Hanson and Brian Helgeland is based on James Ellroy's 1990 novel of the same name, the third book in his L.A. Quartet series. The film tells the story of a group of LAPD officers in 1953, and the intersection of police corruption and Hollywood celebrity. The title refers to the 1950s scandal magazine Confidential, portrayed in the film as Hush-Hush.
At the time, actors Guy Pearce and Russell Crowe were relatively unknown in North America. One of the film's backers, Peter Dennett, was worried about the lack of established stars in the lead roles, but supported Hanson's casting decisions, and the director had the confidence also to recruit Kevin Spacey, Kim Basinger and Danny DeVito.
The film grossed $126 million worldwide and was critically acclaimed. It was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning two: Best Supporting Actress and Best Adapted Screenplay; Titanic won in every other category L.A. Confidential was nominated. In 2015, the United States Library of Congress selected L.A. Confidential for preservation in the National Film Registry as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Plot
In early 1950s Los Angeles, LAPD Sergeant "Ed" Exley is determined to live up the reputation of his father, famed detective Preston Exley, who was killed by an unknown assailant, whom Exley nicknamed "Rollo Tomasi." Already isolated from other officers by his intelligence, work ethic, and idealism, he volunteers to testify against them in the "Bloody Christmas" case in exchange for promotion to Detective Lieutenant. He rejects Captain Dudley Smith's advice that a detective should beat a confession out of a suspect or shoot him in the back for the greater good.Plainclothes Officer Wendell "Bud" White, whom Exley considers a "mindless thug," is obsessed with viciously punishing woman-beaters. White confronts former cop Leland "Buzz" Meeks, a driver for Pierce Patchett, whose Fleur-de-Lis service runs prostitutes altered by plastic surgery to resemble film stars. White hates Exley because his partner, Dick Stensland, was fired thanks to Exley's testimony. With the city's gangland kingpin Mickey Cohen imprisoned for tax evasion, Smith recruits White to torture out-of-town criminals trying to gain a foothold in Los Angeles.
Sergeant Jack Vincennes is a narcotics detective who moonlights as a technical advisor on Badge of Honor, a TV police drama series. Sid Hudgens, publisher of the Hush-Hush tabloid magazine, pays him for tips about celebrity arrests.
Exley investigates an apparent botched robbery and multiple homicide at the "Nite Owl" coffee shop. Stensland was one of the victims. Exley and Vincennes arrest three African-Americans for the murders; they later escape from police custody and are killed by Exley in a shootout. Exley is decorated for bravery. However, a Mexican girl, Inez, who was raped by the African-Americans around the time of the murders, admits to Exley that she falsely reported the time they left her in order to try to get them convicted for the Nite Owl massacre. She tells him that she "did what she had to do for justice" because otherwise "nobody would care that they raped a Mexican girl from Boyle Heights." Exley realizes that places their guilt for the Nite Owl murders in doubt.
Although the police department considers the Nite Owl case solved, Exley and White investigate it to discover evidence of corruption all around them. White recognizes Nite Owl victim Susan Lefferts as one of Patchett's escorts. He begins a relationship with Lynn Bracken, a Veronica Lake lookalike prostitute. Lefferts's mother tells White that Susan was Stensland's girlfriend. White searches the crawl space under her house and finds Meeks's decomposed corpse.
Vincennes helps Hudgens set up actor Matt Reynolds in a homosexual tryst with District Attorney Ellis Loew. After Reynolds is killed, a guilt-ridden Vincennes is determined to find the killer. Vincennes soon visits Smith with the evidence he found: Meeks and Stensland worked together under Smith's command a decade earlier and were linked to Patchett, who uses his prostitutes to blackmail public figures. As Vincennes says that he has not yet told Exley about it, Smith suddenly shoots him. Vincennes dies after murmuring "Rollo Tomasi," a name Exley told him in confidence. Exley's suspicions are aroused when Smith asks him who Rollo Tomasi is. During an interrogation of Hudgens, Smith arranges for White to see photos of Bracken having sex with Exley, which sends White into a rage and prompts him to go after Exley. Shortly afterward, Smith kills Hudgens.
Exley discovers for himself that Meeks and Stensland used to work closely with Smith. White drives to the police station and fights Exley, which ends with the two realizing that Smith is both corrupt and the mastermind behind everything. Stensland killed Meeks over heroin stolen from one of Cohen's underlings, which caused Smith to orchestrate the Nite Owl killings to have Stensland murdered and later frame the three African Americans for the crime, with Exley and Vincennes having arrested them just after Smith's men had planted evidence at their residence. They decide to cooperate to take down Smith. Exley and White confront Loew and force him to reveal that Smith has been taking over Cohen's heroin empire. They later find Patchett murdered and deduce that all of the other killings were Smith tying up loose ends.
Smith invites Exley and White into a trap. After they kill all of Smith's gunmen in a shootout, Smith shoots White in the chest. Exley holds Smith at gunpoint and, as the police arrive, shoots him in the back, killing him. At the police station, Exley explains what he, Vincennes, and White learned about Smith. The LAPD protect their image by saying Smith died a hero in the shootout and award Exley a second medal for bravery. Upon leaving City Hall, Exley shakes hands with a recuperating White and watches as he and Bracken drive off to her home in Arizona.
Cast
Production
Development
had read half a dozen of James Ellroy's books before L.A. Confidential and was drawn to its characters, not the plot. He said, "What hooked me on them was that, as I met them, one after the other, I didn't like them—but as I continued reading, I started to care about them." Ellroy's novel also made Hanson think about Los Angeles and provided him with an opportunity to "set a movie at a point in time when the whole dream of Los Angeles, from that apparently golden era of the '20s and '30s, was being bulldozed."Screenwriter Brian Helgeland was originally signed to Warner Bros. to write a Viking film with director Uli Edel and then worked on an unproduced modern-day King Arthur story. Helgeland was a longtime fan of Ellroy's novels. When he heard that Warner Bros. had acquired the rights to L.A. Confidential in 1990, he lobbied to script the film, but the studio was then talking only to well-known screenwriters. When he finally got a meeting, it was canceled two days before it was to occur.
Helgeland found that Hanson had been hired to direct and met with him while the filmmaker was making The River Wild. They found that they not only shared a love for Ellroy's fiction but also agreed on how to adapt Confidential into a film. According to Helgeland, they had to "remove every scene from the book that didn't have the three main cops in it, and then to work from those scenes out." According to Hanson, he "wanted the audience to be challenged but at the same time I didn't want them to get lost." They worked on the script together for two years, with Hanson turning down jobs and Helgeland writing seven drafts for free.
The two men also got Ellroy's approval. He had seen Hanson's films The Bedroom Window and Bad Influence, and found him "a competent and interesting storyteller", but was not convinced that his book would be made into a film until he talked to the eventual director. He later said, "They preserved the basic integrity of the book and its main theme. Brian and Curtis took a work of fiction that had eight plotlines, reduced those to three, and retained the dramatic force of three men working out their destiny."
Warner executive Bill Gerber showed the script to Michael Nathanson, CEO of New Regency Productions, which had a deal with the studio. Nathanson loved it, but they had to get the approval of New Regency's owner, Arnon Milchan. Hanson prepared a presentation that consisted of 15 vintage postcards and pictures of L.A. mounted on posterboards, and made his pitch to Milchan. The pictures consisted of orange groves, beaches, tract homes in the San Fernando Valley, and the opening of the Hollywood Freeway to symbolize the image of prosperity sold to the public.
In the pitch, Hanson showed the darker side of Ellroy's novel by presenting the cover of scandal rag Confidential and the famous shot of Robert Mitchum coming out of jail after his marijuana bust. He also had photographs of jazz musicians Zoot Sims, Gerry Mulligan, and Chet Baker to represent the popular music of the time. Hanson emphasized that the period detail would be in the background and the characters in the foreground. Milchan was impressed with his presentation and agreed to finance it.
Casting
Hanson had seen Russell Crowe in Romper Stomper and found him "repulsive and scary, but captivating". The actor had read Ellroy's The Black Dahlia but not L.A. Confidential. When he read the script, Crowe was drawn to Bud White's "self-righteous moral crusade". Crowe fit the visual preconception of Bud. Hanson put the actor on tape doing a few scenes from the script and showed it to the film's producers, who agreed to cast him as Bud.Guy Pearce auditioned, and Hanson felt that he "was very much what I had in mind for Ed Exley." The director purposely did not watch the actor in The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert, afraid that it might influence his decision. As he did with Crowe, Hanson taped Pearce and showed it to the producers, who agreed he should be cast as Ed. Pearce did not like Ed when he first read the screenplay and remarked, "I was pretty quick to judge him and dislike him for being so self-righteous... But I liked how honest he became about himself. I knew I could grow to respect and understand him."
Milchan was against casting "two Australians" in the American period piece. Crowe and Pearce were also relative unknowns in North America, and Milchan was equally worried about the lack of film stars in the lead roles. But he supported Hanson's casting decisions and this gave the director the confidence to approach Kim Basinger, Danny DeVito and Kevin Spacey. Hanson cast Crowe and Pearce because he wanted to "replicate my experience of the book. You don't like any of these characters at first, but the deeper you get into their story, the more you begin to sympathize with them. I didn't want actors audiences knew and already liked."
A third Australian actor unknown to American audiences at the time, Simon Baker, later to star in the TV series The Mentalist, was cast in the smaller but noteworthy role of Matt Reynolds, a doomed young bisexual actor. He was billed as Simon Baker Denny in the film's credits.
Hanson felt that the character of Jack Vincennes was "a movie star among cops", and thought of Spacey, with his "movie-star charisma," casting him specifically against type. The director was confident that the actor "could play the man behind that veneer, the man who also lost his soul," and when he gave him the script, he told him to think of Dean Martin while in the role. Hanson cast Basinger because he felt that she "was the character to me. What beauty today could project the glamor of Hollywood's golden age?"
Pre-production
To give his cast and crew points and counterpoints to capture Los Angeles in the 1950s, Hanson held a "mini-film festival", showing one film a week: The Bad and the Beautiful, because it epitomized the glamorous Hollywood look; In a Lonely Place, because it revealed the ugly underbelly of Hollywood glamor; Don Siegel's The Lineup and Private Hell 36, "for their lean and efficient style"; and Kiss Me Deadly, because it was "so rooted in the futuristic '50s: the atomic age." Hanson and the film's cinematographer Dante Spinotti studied Robert Frank's 1958 photographic book The Americans and felt that the influence of his work was in every aspect of the film's visuals. Spinotti wanted to compose the shots of the film as if he was using a still camera and suggested Hanson shoot the film in Super 35 widescreen format with spherical lenses, which in Spinotti's opinion conveyed the feel of a still photo.Before filming took place, Hanson brought Crowe and Pearce to Los Angeles for two months to immerse them in the city and the time period. He also got them dialect coaches, showed them vintage police training films, and introduced them to real-life cops. Pearce found the contemporary police force had changed too much to be useful for research and disliked the police officer he rode along with because he was racist. He found the police films more valuable because "there was a real sort of stiffness, a woodenness about these people" that he felt Exley had as well. Crowe studied Sterling Hayden in Stanley Kubrick's The Killing "for that beefy manliness that came out of World War II". For six weeks, Crowe, Pearce, Hanson and Helgeland conducted rehearsals, which consisted of their discussing each scene in the script. As other actors were cast they would join in the rehearsals.
Principal photography
Hanson did not want the film to be an exercise in nostalgia, and so had Spinotti shoot it like a contemporary film, and used more naturalistic lighting than in a classic film noir. He told Spinotti and the film's production designer Jeannine Oppewall to pay great attention to period detail, but to then "put it all in the background". L.A. Confidential was shot at the Linda Vista Community Hospital in the Los Angeles area. Several famous Hollywood landmarks appropriate to the 1950s were used, including the Formosa Cafe in West Hollywood, the Frolic Room on Hollywood Boulevard, and the Crossroads of the World, an outdoor shopping mall dressed as a movie theatre where a premiere takes place at the beginning of the film. Patchett's home is the Lovell House, a famous International Style mansion designed by Richard Neutra. Bracken's house is at 501 Wilcox Avenue in the affluent Hancock Park neighborhood, overlooking the Wilshire Country Club. The house required a $75,000 renovation to transform it into the Spanish-style home described in the script. Historic Central Los Angeles neighborhoods were used for the scenes in which the police hunt down the Nite Owl suspects, including Angelino Heights, Lincoln Heights, and Koreatown. The Victory Motel was one of the only purpose-built sets, constructed on a flat stretch of the Inglewood Oil Field in Culver City.Music
's score for the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score, but lost to James Horner's score for Titanic.Reception
The film was screened at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival. According to Hanson, Warner did not want it shown at Cannes because they felt there was an "anti-studio bias... So why go and come home a loser?" But Hanson wanted to debut the film at a high-profile international venue. He and other producers bypassed the studio and sent a print directly to the festival's selection committee, which loved it. Ellroy saw the film and said, "I understood in 40 minutes or so that it is a work of art on its own level. It was amazing to see the physical incarnation of the characters."Box office
L.A. Confidential was released on September 19, 1997, in 769 theaters, grossing $5.2 million on its opening weekend. On October 3, it was given an expanded release in 1,625 theaters. It went on to make $64.6 million in North America and $61.6 million in the rest of the world, for a worldwide total of $126.2 million.Critical response
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, L.A. Confidential holds an approval rating of 99% and an average rating of 8.75/10, with 110 out of 111 reviews being positive. The site's critical consensus reads: "Taut pacing, brilliantly dense writing and Oscar-worthy acting combine to produce a smart, popcorn-friendly thrill ride." On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 90 out of 100, based on 28 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.Film critic Roger Ebert gave the film four out of four stars and described it as "seductive and beautiful, cynical and twisted, and one of the best films of the year." He later included it as one of his "Great Movies" and described it as "film noir, and so it is, but it is more: Unusually for a crime film, it deals with the psychology of the characters... It contains all the elements of police action, but in a sharply clipped, more economical style; the action exists not for itself but to provide an arena for the personalities".
In her review for The New York Times, Janet Maslin wrote, "Mr. Spacey is at his insinuating best, languid and debonair, in a much more offbeat performance than this film could have drawn from a more conventional star. And the two Australian actors, tightly wound Mr. Pearce and fiery, brawny Mr. Crowe, qualify as revelations." Desson Howe's review for The Washington Post praised the cast: "Pearce makes a wonderful prude who gets progressively tougher and more jaded. New Zealand-born Crowe has a unique and sexy toughness; imagine Mickey Rourke without the attitude. Although she's playing a stock character, Basinger exudes a sort of chaste sultriness. Spacey is always enjoyable."
In his review for The Globe and Mail, Liam Lacey wrote, "The big star is Los Angeles itself. Like Roman Polanski's depiction of Los Angeles in the '30s in Chinatown, the atmosphere and detailed production design are a rich gel where the strands of narrative form." USA Today gave the film three and a half stars out of four, writing, "It appears as if screenwriters Brian Helgeland and Curtis Hanson have pulled off a miracle in keeping multiple stories straight. Have they ever. Ellroy's novel has four extra layers of plot and three times as many characters... the writers have trimmed unwieldy muscle, not just fat, and gotten away with it."
In his review for Newsweek, David Ansen wrote, "L.A. Confidential asks the audience to raise its level a bit, too—you actually have to pay attention to follow the double-crossing intricacies of the plot. The reward for your work is dark and dirty fun." Richard Schickel, in his review for Time, wrote, "It's a movie of shadows and half lights, the best approximation of the old black-and-white noir look anyone has yet managed on color stock. But it's no idle exercise in style. The film's look suggests how deep the tradition of police corruption runs." Writing in Time Out New York, Andrew Johnston observed: "Large chunks of Ellroy's brilliant dialogue are preserved, and the actors clearly relish the meaty lines. Dante Spinotti's lush cinematography and Jeanne Oppewall's crisp, meticulous production design produce an eye-popping tableau of '50s glamour and sleaze."
In his review for The New York Observer, Andrew Sarris wrote, "Mr. Crowe strikes the deepest registers with the tortured character of Bud White, a part that has had less cut out of it from the book than either Mr. Spacey's or Mr. Pearce's... but Mr. Crowe at moments reminded me of James Cagney's poignant performance in Charles Vidor's Love Me or Leave Me, and I can think of no higher praise." Kenneth Turan, in his review for Los Angeles Times, wrote, "The only potential audience drawback L.A. Confidential has is its reliance on unsettling bursts of violence, both bloody shootings and intense physical beatings that give the picture a palpable air of menace. Overriding that, finally, is the film's complete command of its material." In his review for The Independent, Ryan Gilbey wrote, "In fact, it's a very well made and intelligent picture, assembled with an attention to detail, both in plot and characterisation, that you might have feared was all but extinct in mainstream American cinema." Richard Williams, in his review for The Guardian, wrote, "L.A. Confidential gets just about everything right. The light, the architecture, the slang, the music... a wonderful Lana Turner joke. A sense, above all, of damaged people arriving to make new lives and getting seduced by the scent of night-blooming jasmine, the perfume of corruption."
Some authors have described L.A. Confidential as a neo-noir film.
Accolades
TIME magazine ranked L.A. Confidential the best film of 1997. The National Society of Film Critics also ranked it the year's best film and Curtis Hanson was voted Best Director. The New York Film Critics Circle also voted L.A. Confidential the year's best film in addition to ranking Hanson best director, and his and Brian Helgeland's best screenplay. The Los Angeles Film Critics Association and the National Board of Review also voted L.A. Confidential the year's best film. As a result, it is one of three films in history to sweep the "Big Four" critics' awards, alongside Schindler's List and The Social Network.It was also voted the best film set in Los Angeles in the last 25 years by a group of Los Angeles Times writers and editors with two criteria: "The movie had to communicate some inherent truth about the L.A. experience, and only one film per director was allowed on the list." In 2009, the London Film Critics' Circle voted L.A. Confidential one of the best films of the last 30 years.
| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result | |
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Picture | Curtis Hanson, Arnon Milchan, Michael G. Nathanson | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Director | Curtis Hanson | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Kim Basinger | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Adapted Screenplay | Curtis Hanson, Brian Helgeland | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Cinematography | Dante Spinotti | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Production Design | Jeannine Oppewall and Jay Hart | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Original Score | Jerry Goldsmith | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Film Editing | Peter Honess | ||
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Sound | Kirk Francis, Andy Nelson and Anna Behlmer | ||
| 1997 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Motion Picture - Drama | L.A. Confidential | ||
| 1997 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Director | Curtis Hanson | ||
| 1997 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Kim Basinger | ||
| 1997 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Screenplay | Curtis Hanson, Brian Helgeland | ||
| 1997 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Original Score | Jerry Goldsmith | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Film | L.A. Confidential | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Director | Curtis Hanson | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Kevin Spacey | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Kim Basinger | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Adapted Screenplay | Curtis Hanson | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Cinematography | Dante Spinotti | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Production Design | Jeannine Oppewall | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Costume Design | Ruth Myers | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Makeup and Hair | John M. Elliott, Scott H. Eddo, Janis Clark | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Original Score | Jerry Goldsmith | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Film Editing | Peter Honess | ||
| 1998 | BAFTA Awards | Best Sound | Terry Rodman, Roland N. Thai, Kirk Francis, Andy Nelson, Anna Behlmer, and John Leveque | ||
| 1997 | Screen Actors Guild Awards | Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture | Russell Crowe, Kevin Spacey, Guy Pearce, Kim Basinger, James Cromwell, Danny DeVito, David Strathairn | ||
| 1997 | Screen Actors Guild Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Kim Basinger | ||
| 1997 | Directors Guild Awards | Directing - Feature Film | Curtis Hanson | ||
| 1997 | Producers Guild Award | Best Motion Picture | Curtis Hanson, Arnon Milchan, Michael G. Nathanson | ||
| 1997 | Writers Guild Award | Best Adapted Screenplay | Curtis Hanson | ||
| 1997 | Cannes Film Festival | Palme d'Or | Curtis Hanson |
Home media
A DVD was released on April 21, 1998. In addition to the film, it included two featurettes, an interactive map of Los Angeles, a music-only track, a theatrical trailer, and three TV spots.The movie was released again as a two-disc Special Edition DVD and Blu-ray on September 23, 2008. Both sets have the same bonus content. In addition to the features from the original DVD, there are four new featurettes, the 1999 pilot of the proposed TV series starring Kiefer Sutherland, and film commentary by Andrew Sarris, Ellroy, Crowe, Spacey, Pearce, Cromwell, Ruth Myers, Strathairn, Basinger, Helgeland, Oppewall, Spinotti and DeVito. Some sets included a six-song sampler from the film's soundtrack.
On September 26, 2017, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment, the distributor and part owner of New Regency, rereleased the film on Blu-ray as part of its 20th anniversary with new cover artwork. The disc has the same technical specifications and bonus features as the previous Blu-ray.