List of bagpipes

Northern Europe

Ireland

• Uilleann pipes: Also known as Union pipes and Irish pipes, depending on era. Bellows-blown bagpipe with keyed or un-keyed 2-octave chanter, 3 drones and 3 regulators. The most common type of bagpipes in Irish traditional music.
• Great Irish Warpipes: Carried by most Irish regiments of the British Army until the late 1960s, when the Great Highland Bagpipe became standard. The Warpipe differed from the latter only in having a single tenor drone.
• Brian Boru bagpipes: Carried by the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and had three drones, one of which was a baritone, pitched between bass and tenor. Unlike the chanter of the Great Highland Bagpipe, its chanter is keyed, allowing for a greater tonal range.
• Pastoral pipes: Although the exact origin of this keyed, or un-keyed chanter and keyed drones, pipe is uncertain, it developed into the modern uilleann bagpipe.

  Scotland

• Great Highland Bagpipe: This is perhaps the world's best-known bagpipe. It is native to Scotland. It has acquired widespread recognition through its usage in the British military and in pipe bands throughout the world. The bagpipe is first attested in Scotland around 1400, having previously appeared in European artwork in Spain in the 13th century. The earliest references to bagpipes in Scotland are in a military context, and it is in that context that the Great Highland bagpipe became established in the British military and achieved the widespread prominence it enjoys today.
• Border pipes: also called the "Lowland bagpipe" or "reel pipes", commonly confused with smallpipes, but louder. Played in the Lowlands of Scotland it is conically bored, made mostly from African blackwood like Highland pipes. Some makers have developed fully chromatic chanters.
• Scottish smallpipes: a modern re-interpretation of an extinct instrument.
• Pastoral pipes: Although the exact origin of this keyed, or un-keyed chanter and keyed drones, pipe is uncertain, it developed into the modern uilleann bagpipe.
• Zetland pipes: a reconstruction of pipes believed to have been brought to the Shetland Islands by the Vikings, though not clearly historically attested.

  England and Wales

• English bagpipes: with the exception of the Northumbrian smallpipes, no English bagpipes maintained an unbroken tradition. However, various other English bagpipes have been reconstructed by Jonathan Swayne and Julian Goodacre.

• Northumbrian smallpipes: a bellows-blown smallpipe with a closed end chanter played in staccato.
• Border pipes: also called the "Half-long pipes" in the North East, commonly confused with smallpipes, but louder. Traditionally played in Northern England as well as the Lowlands of Scotland. English border pipes have been reconstructed by Swayne, and they have in common with the Lowland Scottish pipes above 2-4 drones in a single stock, but the design of the chanter is closer to the French cornemuse du centre and uses the same "half-closed" fingering system.
• Cornish bagpipes: an extinct type of double chanter bagpipe from Cornwall ; there are now attempts being made to revive it on the basis of literary descriptions and iconographic representations.
• Welsh pipes : Of two types, one a descendant of the pibgorn, the other loosely based on the Breton Veuze. Both are mouthblown with one bass drone.
• Pastoral pipes: Although the exact origin of this keyed, or un-keyed chanter and keyed drones, pipe is uncertain, it was developed into the modern Uilleann bagpipe.
• Yorkshire bagpipes, known in Shakespeare's time, but now extinct
• Lincolnshire bagpipes, a one-drone pipe extinct by 1850, with one reproduction made in the modern era
• Lancashire bagpipes, widely mentioned in early-Modern literature and travel accounts

  Finland

• Säkkipilli: The Finnish bagpipes died out but have been revived since the late 20th century by musicians such as Petri Prauda.
• Pilai: a Finnish bagpipe, described in 18th century texts as similar to the Ukrainian volynka.

  Estonia

• Torupill: an Estonian bagpipe with one single-reeded chanter and 1-3 drones.

  Latvia

• Dūdas: Latvian bagpipe, with single reed chanter and one drone.

  Lithuania

• Dudmaišis, or murenka, kūlinė, Labanoro dūda. A bagpipe native to Lithuania, with single reed chanter and one drone.

  Sweden

• Säckpipa: Also the Swedish word for "bagpipe" in general; the surviving säckpipa of the Dalarna region was on the brink of extinction in the first half of the 20th century. It has a cylindrical bore and a single reed, as well as a single drone at the same pitch as the bottom note of the chanter.
• Walpipe, a type of bagpipe known to have been used alongside the säckpipa in Lapland during the 18th and 19th centuries.

  Southern Europe

Spain and Portugal

• Gaita alistana: played in Aliste, Zamora, north-western Spain.
• Gaita asturiana: native to Asturias, north-western Spain. Very similar to the gaita galega but of heavier construction with an increased capability for octave jumps and chromatic notes.
• Gaita de boto: native to Aragon, distinctive for its tenor drone running parallel to the chanter.
• Gaita cabreiresa : an extinct but revived pipe native to León.
• Galician gaita: traditional bagpipe used in Galicia, north-west Spain and the Minho river valley, northern Portugal. Galicia is the principal Iberian region with a bagpipe folklore. There are a lot of famous Galician bagpipers, for example, Carlos Núñez
• Gaita de saco: native to Soria, La Rioja, Álava, and Burgos in northwestern-central Spain. Possibly the same as the lost gaita de fuelle of Old Castile.
• Gaita sanabresa: played in Puebla de Sanabria, in the Zamora province of north-western Spain.
• Gaita-de-foles mirandesa or gaita transmontana: native to the Miranda do Douro, Vimioso, Mogadouro and Braganza in Tras-os-Montes region, northern Portugal.
• Gaita-de-fole Coimbrã: native to Coimbra in Beira Litoral region, center Portugal.
• Odrecillo: a small medieval bagpipe, with or without drones.
• Sac de gemecs: used in Catalonia.
• Xeremia: played in the island of Majorca, often accompanying the flabiol and drum.

Italy

• Zampogna : A generic name for an Italian bagpipe, with different scale arrangements for doubled chanters, and from zero to three drones.
• Piva: used in northern Italy, Veneto and bordering regions of Switzerland such as Ticino. A single chantered, single drone instrument, with double reeds, often played in accompaniment to a shawm, or piffero.
• Müsa: played in Pavia, Alessandria, Genova and Piacenza.
• Baghèt: similar to the piva, played in the region of Bergamo, Brescia and, probably, Veneto.
• Surdelina: a double-chantered, bellows-blown pipe from Naples, with keys on both chanters and drones

  Malta

• Żaqq : The most common form of Maltese bagpipes. A double-chantered, single-reed, droneless hornpipe.
• Il-Qrajna: a smaller Maltese bagpipe

  Greece

• Askomandoura : a double-chantered bagpipe used in Crete
• Tsampouna : Greek Islands bagpipe with a double chanter. One chanter with five holes the second with 1,3 or 5 depending on the island. The tsambouna has no drone as the second chanter replaces the drone.
• Gaida : a single-chantered bagpipe with a long separate drone, played in many parts of Mainland Greece. The main center is Thrace, especially around the town of Didymoteicho in the Northern Evros area. In the area of Drama a higher pitched gaida is played. Around Pieria and Olympus mountain another type of gaida is played. Each of these regions have their distinct sound, tunes and songs.
• Dankiyo or Tulum: traditional double-chantered bagpipes played by Pontic Greeks

  Macedonia

• The first variant, which is the most widespread, is when the blow pipe and the drone are place of the front legs, and the chanter goes at the head. The small drone goes between the blow pipe and the drone slightly towards the chanter.
• The second variant is found only in Radoviš and differs from the first in that the drone goes at the animal head while the chanter and the blow pipe are inserted at the legs. The small drone goes between the two legs.

Central and Eastern Europe

• Dudy : Czech bellows-blown bagpipe with a long, crooked drone and chanter that curves up at the end.
• Dudy or kozoł are large types of bagpipes played among the Slavic-speaking Sorbs of Eastern Germany, near the borders with both Poland and the Czech Republic; smaller Sorbian types are called dudki or měchawa. Yet smaller is the měchawka known in German as Dreibrümmchen. The dudy/kozoł has a bent drone pipe that is hung across the player's shoulder, and the chanter tends to be curved as well.
• Cimpoi is the name for the Romanian bagpipes. Two main categories of bagpipes were used in Romania: with a double chanter and with a single chanter. Both have a single drone and straight bore chanter and is less strident than its Balkan relatives.
• Magyar duda or Hungarian duda has a double chanter with single reeds and a bass drone. It is typical of a large group of pipes played in the Carpathian Basin.

  Poland

• Dudy is the generic term for Polish bagpipes, though since the 19th century they are usually referred to as kobza due to the confusion with koza and the relative obscurity of kobza proper in Poland. They are used in folk music of Podhale, Żywiec Beskids and Cieszyn Silesia, and mostly in Greater Poland, where there are four types of bagpipes:
• *Dudy wielkopolskie, "Greater Polish bagpipes", with two subtypes: Rawicz-Gostyń and Kościan-Buk;
• *Kozioł biały , "white buck ";
• *Kozioł czarny , "black buck ";
• *Sierszeńki, "hornets", a bladder pipe used as a goose.

  The Balkans

• Kaba gaida: Kaba Gaida – low pitched single-drone bagpipe from the Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria
• Gaida: Southern Balkan bagpipe with one drone and one chanter. Also found in Macedonia and Serbia.
• Istarski mih : a double chantered, droneless Croatian bagpipe whose side by side chanters are cut from a single rectangular piece of wood. They are typically single reed instruments, using the Istrian scale.
• Gajdy or gajde: the name for various bagpipes of Eastern Europe, found in Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, and Croatia.
• Duda, used in some parts of Croatia

  Belarus

• Duda or Mutsianka are the names of a Belarusian bagpipes.

  Russia

• Volynka is a Russian bagpipe.

  Finno-Ugric Russia

• Shyuvr, a bagpipe of the Volga-Finnic Mari people
• Puvama, a bagpipe of the Mordvin people

  Turkic Russia

• Shapar, a bagpipe of the Turkic Chuvash people of the Volga region

  Ukraine

• Duda is a Ukrainian bagpipe.

  Western Europe

France

• Musette de cour: A French open ended smallpipe, believed by some to be an ancestor of the Northumbrian smallpipes, used for classical compositions in 'folk' style in the 18th Century French court. The shuttle design for the drones was recently revived and added to a mouth blown Scottish smallpipe called shuttle pipes.
• Biniou : a mouth blown bagpipe from Brittany, a Celtic region of northwestern France. It is the most famous bagpipe of France. The great Highland bagpipe is also used in marching bands called bagadoù and known as biniou braz.
• Veuze, found in Western France around Nantes and into the Breton marshes.
• Cabrette: bellows-blown, played in the Auvergne region of central France.
• Chabrette : found in the Limousin region of central France.
• Bodega : found in Languedoc region of southern France, made of an entire goat skin.
• Boha: found in the regions of Gascony and Landes in southwestern France, notable for having no separate drone, but a drone and chanter bored into a single piece of wood.
• Musette bressane: found in the Bresse region of eastern France
• Cornemuse du Centre are of many different types, some mouth blown. They can be found in the Bourbonnais, Berry, Nivernais, and Morvan regions of France and in different tonalities.
• Chabrette poitevine: found in the Poitou region of west-central France, but now extremely rare.
• Caramusa: a small bagpipe with a single parallel drone, native to Corsica
• Musette bechonnet, named from its creator, Joseph Bechonnet of Effiat.
• Bousine, a small droneless bagpipe played in Normandy.
• Loure, a Norman bagpipe which gives its name to the French Baroque dance loure.
• Pipasso, a bagpipe native to Picardy in northern France
• Sourdeline, an extinct bellows-blown pipe, likely of Italian origin
• Samponha, a double-chantered pipe played in the Pyrenees
• Vèze, played in Poitou

Germany

• Dudelsack: German bagpipe with two drones and one chanter. Also called Schäferpfeife or Sackpfeife. The drones are sometimes fit into one stock and do not lie on the player's shoulder but are tied to the front of the bag.
• Marktsackpfeife: a bagpipe reconstructed from medieval depictions
• Huemmelchen: small bagpipe with the look of a small medieval pipe or a Dudelsack.
• Dudy or kozoł are large types of bagpipes played among the Slavic-speaking Sorbs of Eastern Germany, near the borders with both Poland and the Czech Republic; smaller Sorbian types are called dudki or měchawa. Yet smaller is the měchawka known in German as Dreibrümmchen. The dudy/kozoł has a bent drone pipe that is hung across the player's shoulder, and the chanter tends to be curved as well.

  The Low Countries

• Doedelzak : found in Flanders and the Netherlands, this type of bagpipe was made famous in the paintings of Pieter Brueghel the Elder; died out, but revived in the late 20th century.
• Muchosa : found in the Hainaut province of Wallonia, in southern Belgium, and previously known down into the north of France as far as Picardy

  Switzerland

• Schweizer Sackpfeife : In Switzerland, the Sackpfiffe was a common instrument in the folk music from the Middle Ages to the early 18th century, documented by iconography and in written sources. It had one or two drones and one chanter with double reeds.

  Austria

• Bock : a bellows-blown pipe with large bells at the end of the single drone and chanter

  Southwest Asia

Turkey

• Dankiyo: A word of Greek origin for "bagpipe" used in the Trabzon Province of Turkey.
• Tulum or Guda: double-chantered, droneless bagpipe of Rize and Artvin provinces of Turkey. Usually played by the Laz and Hamsheni people.
• Karkm, a bagpipe of the Turkish Turkmen nomads

  Armenia

• Parkapzuk : A droneless horn-tipped bagpipe played in Armenia

  Azerbaijan

• Tulum or Tulug : double-chantered, droneless bagpipe native to Azerbaijan. Used to be common in Nakhchivan, Karabakh and Gazakh. Now only used in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. Sometimes used alongside Balaban.

  Georgia

• Gudastviri : A double-chantered horn-tipped bagpipe played in Georgia. Also called a chiboni or stviri.

  Iran

• Ney anban : a droneless double-chantered pipe played in Southern Iran

  Arab states of the Persian Gulf

• Habbān : a generic term covering several types of bagpipes, including traditional Bedouin bagpipes in Kuwait, and a modern version of the Great Highland Bagpipes played in Oman.
• Jirba : a type of double-chantered droneless bagpipe, primarily played by the ethnic Iranian minority of Bahrain.
• Demam, a Gulf bagpipe

  North Africa

Egypt

• Zummarah-bi-soan, a small Egyptian double-bagpipe

  Libya

• Zukra : famous in Libya bagpipe with a double-chanter terminating in two cow horns.

  Tunisia

• Mizwad : Tunisian bagpipe with a double-chanter terminating in two cow horns.

  Algeria

• Tadghtita, a Berber bagpipe

  South Asia

India

• Mashak, a bagpipe of Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh in northern India. The term is also used for the Highland pipes which have displaced the traditional bagpipe over time, such as the mushak baja : in Garhwal region. or masak-been : of the Kumaon Division.
• Titti, a Telugu bagpipe of Andhra Pradesh
• Sruti upanga, a bagpipe of Tamil Nadu primarily used for drone accompaniment

  Non-traditional bagpipes

• Electric bagpipes, bagpipes fitted with an amplifying pickup
• Electronic bagpipes, an electronic musical instrument designed to look and sound like bagpipes