List of ecoregions in Bhutan


The ecoregions of Bhutan generally vary according to altitude and precipitation. Bhutan occupies in the eastern Himalaya, at altitudes ranging from to. The dry, plain-like valleys of western and central Bhutan tend to be relatively densely populated and intensely cultivated. The wetter eastern valleys, however, tend to be steeper, narrower ravines. At lower and middle elevations, Indomalayan biomes range from tropical and subtropical forests to temperate coniferous forests. In the northern mountainous regions, Bhutan is largely Palearctic, comprising temperate coniferous forests, montane grasslands and shrublands, and swaths without any ecoregion in its highest glacial elevations.

List of ecoregions

Below is a list of ecoregions in Bhutan.
realmBiomeEcoregionDistricts
IndomalayanTropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forestsBrahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forestsDagana, Pemagatshel, Samdrup Jongkhar, Sarpang, Trashigang
IndomalayanTemperate broadleaf and mixed forestsEastern Himalayan broadleaf forestsChukha, Dagana, Gasa, Haa, Lhuentse, Mongar, Paro, Punakha, Samdrup Jongkhar, Samtse, Sarpang, Thimphu, Trashigang, Trashiyangse, Tsirang, Wangdue Phodrang, Zhemgang
IndomalayanTemperate coniferous forestsEastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forestsBumthang, Chukha, Dagana, Gasa, Haa, Lhuentse, Mongar, Paro, Punakha, Samdrup Jongkhar, Sarpang, Thimphu, Trashigang, Trashiyangse, Trongsa, Tsirang, Wangdue Phodrang, Zhemgang
IndomalayanTropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forestsHimalayan subtropical broadleaf forestsBumthang, Chukha, Dagana, Mongar, Pemagatshel, Samdrup Jongkhar, Samtse, Sarpang, Tsirang, Zhemgang
IndomalayanTropical and subtropical coniferous forestsHimalayan subtropical pine forestsDagana, Trongsa, Tsirang, Wangdue Phodrang, Zhemgang
IndomalayanTropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublandsTerai-Duar savanna and grasslandsChukha, Dagana, Samtse
PalearcticMontane grasslands and shrublandsEastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadowsBumthang, Gasa, Haa, Lhuentse, Paro, Punakha, Thimphu, Trashiyangse, Trongsa, Wangdue Phodrang
PalearcticTemperate coniferous forestsNortheastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forestsTrashigang