List of living legitimate male Capetians
The Capetian dynasty is the largest dynasty in Europe, with over 120 living male members descended in the legitimate agnatic line. Since the extinction of the House of Courtenay in 1733, the House of Bourbon is the only remaining branch of legitimate descent.
Descendants in the male line of Louis XIV through his grandson Philip V of Spain are designated as House of Bourbon; descendants in the male line of Philip I, Duke of Orléans, are designated as House of Orléans. All those listed below are actually descendants of King Louis XIII; after the death in 1830 of Louis Henry II, the last Prince of Condé, no other legitimate lines of descent from Hugh Capet continued to exist.
Patrilineal descent
The Capetian lineage can be traced back more than 1,200 years and is one of the oldest in Europe. The dynasty achieved royal status either in 888, at the election of Odo to the crown of France, or in 987, at the election of Hugh Capet, making it the oldest Western European royal dynasty in existence.- Robert II of Worms and Rheingau, 770–807
- Robert III of Worms and Rheingau, 800–834
- Robert the Strong, Margrave of Neustria, 830–866
- Robert I, King of the Franks, 866–923
- Hugh the Great, Duke of the Franks, 898–956
- Hugh Capet, King of the Franks, 939–996
- Robert II, King of the Franks, 972–1031
- Henry I, King of the Franks, 1008–1060
- Philip I, King of the Franks, 1052–1108
- Louis VI, King of the Franks, 1081–1137
- Louis VII, King of the Franks, 1120–1180
- Philip II, King of France, 1165–1223
- Louis VIII, King of France, 1187–1226
- Louis IX, King of France, 1214–1270
- Robert, Count of Clermont, 1256–1317
- Louis I, Duke of Bourbon, 1279–1342
- James I, Count of La Marche, 1319–1362
- John I, Count of La Marche, 1344–1393
- Louis, Count of Vendôme, c. 1376–1446
- John II, Count of Vendôme, 1425–1477
- Francis, Count of Vendôme, 1470–1495
- Charles, Duke of Vendôme, 1489–1537
- Antoine, King of Navarre, 1518–1562
- Henry IV, King of France, 1553–1610
- Louis XIII, King of France, 1601–1643
Ancestral lines of the Bourbons
- Louis XIII, King of France
- * Louis XIV, King of France
- ** Louis, Dauphin of France
- *** Philip V, King of Spain
- **** Charles III, King of Spain
- ***** Charles IV, King of Spain
- ****** Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain
- ******* Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz
- ******** Alfonso XII, King of Spain
- ********* House of Bourbon
- ********* House of Bourbon-Spain
- ******* Enrique, 1st Duke of Seville
- ******** Francisco de Paula de Borbón y Castellví
- ********* House of Bourbon-Seville
- ******** Alberto, 1st Duke of Santa Elena
- ********* House of Bourbon-Santa Elena
- ***** Ferdinand I, King of Two Sicilies
- ****** Francis I, King of Two Sicilies
- ******* Ferdinand II, King of Two Sicilies
- ******** Alfonso, Count of Caserta
- ********* House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- **** Philip I, Duke of Parma
- ***** Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma
- ****** Louis, King of Etruria
- ******* Charles II, Duke of Parma
- ******** Charles III, Duke of Parma
- ********* House of Bourbon-Parma
- * Philippe I, Duke of Orleans
- ** Philippe II, Duke of Orleans
- *** Louis IV, Duke of Orléans
- **** Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orleans
- ***** Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orleans
- ****** Louis Philippe I, King of the French
- ******* Ferdinand, Duke of Orleans
- ******** Robert, Duke of Chartres
- ********* House of Orléans
- ******* Louis, Duke of Nemours
- ******** Gaston, Count of Eu
- ********* House of Orléans-Braganza
- ******* Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
- ******** Antonio, Duke of Galliera
- ********* House of Orléans-Galliera
Living Bourbon males born of Catholic marriages
House of Bourbon
- Alfonso XII of Spain, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Alfonso XIII of Spain
- ** Jaime, Duke of Segovia
- *** Alfonso, Duke of Cadiz
House of Bourbon-Spain
- Alfonso XII of Spain
- * Alfonso XIII of Spain
- ** Juan, Count of Barcelona
House of Bourbon-Seville
- Francisco de Paula de Borbón y Castellví, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Francisco de Paula de Borbón y de la Torre, Duke of Seville
- ** Francisco de Paula de Borbón y Borbón
- Francisco de Paula de Borbón y Castellví
- * José de Borbón y La Torre
- ** Carlos de Borbón y Rich
- Francisco de Paula de Borbón y Castellví
- * José de Borbón y La Torre
- ** Alberto de Borbón y Rich
Santa Elena branch
- Alberto María de Borbón y Castellvi, 1st Duke of Santa Elena, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Alberto de Borbón y d'Ast, 2nd Duke of Santa Elena
- ** Alfonso María de Borbón y Pintó, Marquess of Santa Fe de Guardiola
- *** Alberto de Borbón y Perez del Pulgar, 3rd Duke of Santa Elena
- Alberto María de Borbón y Castellvi, 1st Duke of Santa Elena
- * Alberto de Borbón y d'Ast, 2nd Duke of Santa Elena
- ** Alfonso María de Borbón y Pintó, Marquess of Santa Fe de Guardiola
- *** Alfonso de Borbón y Perez del Pulgar
- **** Alfonso de Borbón y Medina
House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
Calabria branch
- Alfonso, Count of Caserta, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- ** Alfonso, Duke of Calabria
- *** Carlos, Duke of Calabria,
Castro branch
- Alfonso, Count of Caserta
- * Ranieri, Duke of Castro
- ** Ferdinand, Duke of Castro
- Alfonso, Count of Caserta
- * Filippo of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- ** Gaëtano of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- Alfonso, Count of Caserta
- * Gabriel of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- ** Prince Antoine of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- Alfonso, Count of Caserta
- * Gabriel of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
House of Bourbon-Parma
- Charles III, Duke of Parma, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** Xavier, Duke of Parma
- *** Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma
Luxembourg branch
- Charles III, Duke of Parma
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** Felix of Bourbon-Parma
- *** Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- Charles III, Duke of Parma
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** Felix of Bourbon-Parma
- *** Charles of Luxembourg
House of Bourbon-Parma
- Charles III, Duke of Parma
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** René of Bourbon-Parma
- *** Jacques of Bourbon-Parma
- Charles III, Duke of Parma
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** René of Bourbon-Parma
- *** Michel of Bourbon-Parma
- Charles III, Duke of Parma
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** René of Bourbon-Parma
- *** André of Bourbon-Parma
- Charles III, Duke of Parma
- * Robert I, Duke of Parma
- ** Luigi of Bourbon-Parma
- *** Guy of Bourbon-Parma
House of Orléans
- Robert, Duke of Chartres, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Jean, Duke of Guise
- ** Henri, Count of Paris
- *** Henri d'Orléans, Count of Paris
- Robert, Duke of Chartres,
- * Jean, Duke of Guise
- ** Henri, Count of Paris
- Robert, Duke of Chartres
- * Jean, Duke of Guise
- ** Henri, Count of Paris
- *** Thibaut, Count of La Marche
House of Orléans-Braganza
Petrópolis branch
- Gaston, Count of Eu, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará
- ** Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza
- Gaston, Count of Eu
- * Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará
- ** João of Orléans-Braganza
Vassouras branch
- Gaston, Count of Eu
- * Luís of Orléans-Braganza
- ** Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza
House of Orléans-Galliera
- Antonio, Duke of Galliera, eighth-generation descendant of Louis XIII
- * Alfonso, Duke of Galliera
- ** Alvaro, Duke of Galliera
- *** Alonso d'Orléans-Borbón
Dynastic claims
Traditional "legitimacy" is based on the old rules that existed in the Ancien Régime of the Kingdom of France; civil marriages were then non-existent. Eudes de Orléans-Bragança and his brother Guy de Orléans-Bragança, sons of Prince Eudes of Orléans-Braganza, were born of civil marriage only, since their father did not obtain an annulment for his first marriage. Consequently, they are regarded as illegitimate according to canon law. Legitimated children, born before their parents' marriage, such as the eldest sons of the Duke of Noto and Louis de Luxembourg, were also excluded from the list.
According to the Orleanist faction of French royalists, the current heir to the French throne, if restored, is Jean d'Orléans, Count of Paris. They consider foreigners ineligible to inherit the French throne, or at least the line of descent from Philip V of Spain. The Orleanist order of succession is limited to the senior line of the House of Orleans. However, François d'Orléans, Count of Clermont, had been disinherited due to mental disability, and the branches of Michel d'Orléans, Count of Evreux and Jacques d'Orléans, Duke of Orleans are reversed according to "historical French primogeniture".
Renunciations
The renunciations of rights to thrones have created rival claims and disputes among the existing branches of the House of Bourbon.The first of these is the renunciation, in 1713, of Philip V of Spain, grandson of Louis XIV of France, of his rights to the French throne. Such renunciation is invalid under the fundamental laws of that kingdom; in France, the right of succession to the throne was considered an inalienable right, so that the king should always be the senior male descendant of Hugh Capet. Nevertheless, the act was of no practical value until the extinction of the male line of Louis XV of France, which did not occur until 1883. By then the monarchy was no more, and most of the remaining royalists supported the Count of Paris, descendant of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, brother of Louis XIV.
Charles III of Spain ordained that the Kingdoms of Spain and Two Sicilies ought never to be united. In context, the semi-Salic law of succession then operated in Spain, with Two Sicilies as a secundogeniture if that throne is vacant. In 1900, Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies renounced his rights of succession to the throne of Two Sicilies, upon his marriage to Mercedes, Princess of Asturias. This made his children heirs presumptive to the Spanish throne. But Alfonso XII and his line pushed them farther down the line of succession, while the death of Ferdinand, Carlos' elder brother, made them immediate heirs to the defunct throne of Two Sicilies. Carlos' son Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria, reclaimed his rights, to which his uncle, Prince Ranieri, Duke of Castro, objected. The dispute is still unresolved; the Calabria claimant is supported by Spain, while the Castro claimant is supported by other royal houses and the other members of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
In 1908, Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará, wished to marry Countess Elisabeth Dobržensky de Dobrženicz. Although a Bohemian noblewoman, she did not belong to a royal or reigning dynasty. The constitution of the Brazilian empire did not require dynasts to marry equally, but made the marriage of the heir to the throne dependent upon the Sovereign's consent. The pretender to the throne was Pedro's mother, who wanted her children to marry royalty, in order to increase the prospects of a restoration. As a result, he renounced his succession rights to the throne of Brazil. Thus the Vassouras branch, descendants of his younger brother, Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza, became the heirs of the Brazilian monarchy. But in 1940, Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza, Pedro's son, rejected his father's renunciation and claimed the headship of the Brazilian Imperial House.
Other renunciations
- Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia, renounced his rights to the Spanish throne for himself and his descendants in 1933 due to his deafness. In 1949, he retracted his renunciation of the throne of Spain, but in 1969, Don Jaime definitively renounced the Spanish succession in favour of his nephew, King Juan Carlos I of Spain, by petition of his son Alfonso de Borbón.
- Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg renounced the titles of the House of Bourbon-Parma for himself and his family in 1986 when his eldest son, then-Hereditary Grand Duke Henri married Maria-Theresa Mestre. The reason for this was that the Duke of Parma, Carlos Hugo, ruled the marriage unequal in 1981, as well as the marriage of Prince Jean of Luxembourg to Hélène Suzanna Vestur in 1987, for which he renounced his rights to Luxembourg in 1986.
- Prince Louis of Luxembourg, renounced his right of succession for himself and his heirs upon his morganatic marriage in 2006.