M. Paul Smith M. Paul Smith is a British palaeontologist , head of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History and professor in Kellogg College . Previously he was Professor of Palaeobiology at the University of Birmingham , head of the university's School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , and Director of its Lapworth Museum of Geology . He received his BSc from the University of Leicester and his PhD from the University of Nottingham . Smith's research primarily has focused on the conodont palaeobiology and the early Palaeozoic radiation of vertebrates . He is known for discovering that conodont teeth were made of bone cells , such as are found only in vertebrates. This dated the origin of the vertebrates to 515 million years before the present , 40 million years earlier than had been previously thought. He was also involved in the geological mapping of northeastern Greenland . He is Chair of the Publications Board of The Palaeontological Association , and joint editor of the Systematics Association special volume, Donoghue, Philip C. J., and M. Paul Smith. Telling the Evolutionary Time: Molecular Clocks and the Fossil Record .'' Boca Raton: CRC Press , 2004..Publications Books Philip C. J. Donoghue, M. Paul Smith. Telling the evolutionary time: Molecular Clocks and the Fossil Record . CRC Press, 2004. A. K. Higgins, Jane A. Gilotti, M. Paul Smith. The Greenland Caledonides: Evolution of the Northeast Margin of Laurentia , Geological Society of America , 2008. Select peer-reviewed journal articles Sansom, I. J., Smith, M. P., Armstrong, H. A. and Smith, M. M. 1992. "Presence of the earliest vertebrate hard tissues in conodonts." Science 256: 1308-1311. Cited 60 times according to Scopus . Sansom, I. J., Smith, M. P. and Smith, M. M. 1994. "Dentine in conodonts." Nature 368: 591. Cited 30 times in Scopus. Sansom, I. J., Smith, M. P. and Smith, M. M. 1996. "Scales of thelodont and shark-like fishes from the Ordovician." Nature 379: 628-630.Cited 543 times according to Scopus/ Smith, M. P., Sansom, I. J. and Repetski, J. E. 1996. "Histology of the first fish." Nature 380: 702-704. Cited 26 times according to Scopus 729-730. Thomas, A.T., Smith, M.P. 1998 "Terebellid polychaete burrows from the lower Palaeozoic" Palaeontology 41, pp. 317–333 Cited 7 times according to Scopus Donoghue, P.C.J., Smith, M.P. 2001 "The anatomy of Turinia pagei, and the phylogenetic status of the Thelodonti" Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh , Earth Sciences 92, pp. 15–37. Cited 35 times according to Scopus
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