Mahbere Sillasie is a tabia or municipality in the Dogu'a Tembien district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The tabia centre is in Guderbo village, located approximately 2.5 km to the west-northwest of the woreda town Hagere Selam.
Geography
The tabia stretches down from the ridge west of Hagere Selam, northbound towards Tsaliet river. The highest peak is just south of Guderbo and the lowest place deep in the Tsaliet gorge.
Geology
From the higher to the lower locations, the following geological formations are present:
The rainfall pattern shows a very high seasonality with 70 to 80% of the annual rain falling in July and August. Mean temperature in Guderbo is 17.4 °C, oscillating between average daily minimum of 9.6 °C and maximum of 24.8 °C. The contrasts between day and night air temperatures are much larger than seasonal contrasts.
Springs
As there are no permanent rivers, the presence of springs is of utmost importance for the local people. The main springs in the tabia are:
Addi Geza'iti
May Zeleqo in Guderbo
Addi Anefti in May Mereb
Reservoirs
In this area with rains that last only for a couple of months per year, reservoirs of different sizes allow harvesting runoff from the rainy season for further use in the dry season. Overall they suffer from siltation. Yet, they strongly contribute to greening the landscape, either through irrigation or seepage water.
Chini, near May Mereb, constructed in 1993
Traditional surface water harvesting ponds, particularly in places without permanent springs, called rahaya
Horoyo, household ponds, recently constructed through campaigns – they were particularly studied in Mahbere Sillasie
Settlements
The tabia centre Guderbo holds a few administrative offices, a health post, a primary school, and some small shops. There are a few more primary schools across the tabia. The main other populated places are:
The tabia holds several exclosures, areas that are set aside for regreening, such as Harehuwa exclosure. Wood harvesting and livestock range are not allowed there. Besides effects on biodiversity, water infiltration, protection from flooding, sediment deposition, carbon sequestration, people commonly have economic benefits from these exclosures through grass harvesting, beekeeping and other non-timber forest products. The local inhabitants also consider it as “land set aside for future generations”.
Agriculture and livelihood
Crop farming
The population lives essentially from crop farming, supplemented with off-season work in nearby towns. The land is dominated by farmlands which are clearly demarcated and are cropped every year. Hence the agricultural system is a permanent upland farming system. The farmers have adapted their cropping systems to the spatio-temporal variability in rainfall.
Schools
Almost all children of the tabia are schooled, though in some schools there is lack of classrooms, directly related to the large intake in primary schools over the last decades. Schools in the tabia include the Harehuwa school.
History and culture
History
The history of the tabia is strongly confounded with the history of Tembien. In the 1980s, the TPLF, established its headquarters in a cave in Addi Geza'iti. From these underground rooms and offices cut out in sandstone cliffs, the TPLF carried out its political activities, including a major land reform; it was from here that the offensives were organised till the conquest of Addis Ababa in 1991.
Religion and churches
Most inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The following churches are located in the tabia:
Addi Geza'iti Maryam
Kurkura Mika'el
Harehuwa Medhanie Alem
May Mereb Sillasie
Waseiya Maryam
Kidane Mihret in the large "Awhi Dur" forest
''Inda Siwa'', the local beer houses
In the main villages, there are traditional beer houses, often in unique settings, which are a good place for resting and chatting with the local people. Most renown in the tabia are
Kashi Araya Gebreyohannes at Guderbo
Hndeya Girmay at May Mereb
Roads and communication
The main roadMekelle – Hagere Selam – Abiy Addi runs southeast of the tabia. Further, rural access road link most villages to Guderbo and further to the main asphalt road.
Tourism
Its mountainous nature and proximity to Mekelle makes the tabia fit for tourism.
Touristic attractions
The scenic views on Tsaliet gorge
The TPLF caves, which hold also a set of tactical maps used during the Ethiopian Civil War
The church of Kurkura Mika'el, in a very scenic position in a small forest behind limestone pinnacles, is some 30 years old. Behind it is the remnant of the earlier church established in a natural cave of 20 metres by 20 metres. The roof of the cave is covered with sooth, evidencing the fact that the villagers took cover here, during the Italian bombardments of the Tembien battles in the mid-1930s.
An open-air museum, half-way between Guderbo and Hagere Selam
Awhi Dur, the largest forest of the woreda
Geotouristic sites
The high variability of geological formations and the rugged topography invites for geological and geographic tourism or "geotourism". Geosites in the tabia include:
Trek 5, largely along the ridge on the southern edge of Mahbere Sillasie
Accommodation and facilities
The facilities are very basic. One may be invited to spend the night in a rural homestead or ask permission to pitch a tent. Hotels are available in Hagere Selam and Mekelle.
More detailed information
For more details on environment, agriculture, rural sociology, hydrology, ecology, culture, etc., see the overall page on the Dogu'a Tembien district.
