In the Gospel of Matthew, the Parable appears at the end of the Sermon on the Mount as follows: Matthew's summary of Jesus' sayings, noting that "the people were astonished at his teaching", follows immediately after this parable.
Interpretation
This parable emphasises the need to put Jesus' teachings into practice, and speaks of "two sorts of people whose hearts are revealed in their actions". Matthew's version of the parable has a "more complex narrative structure" than Luke's, mentioning rain and winds as well as floods. These forces are usually interpreted ethically, as trials of life that can be resisted by a life founded on Christian doctrine, but can also be interpreted eschatologically. The usual interpretation goes back to John Chrysostom, who wrote in his Homily 24 on Matthew:
By "rain" here, and "floods," and "winds," He is expressing metaphorically the calamities and afflictions that befall men; such as false accusations, plots, bereavements, deaths, loss of friends, vexations from strangers, all the ills in our life that any one could mention. "But to none of these," says He, "does such a soul give way; and the cause is, it is founded on the rock." He calls the steadfastness of His doctrine a rock; because in truth His commands are stronger than any rock, setting one above all the waves of human affairs. For he who keeps these things strictly, will not have the advantage of men only when they are vexing him, but even of the very devils plotting against him. And that it is not vain boasting so to speak, Job is our witness, who received all the assaults of the devil, and stood unmoveable; and the apostles too are our witnesses, for that when the waves of the whole world were beating against them, when both nations and princes, both their own people and strangers, both the evil spirits, and the devil, and every engine was set in motion, they stood firmer than a rock, and dispersed it all.
Hymns
This parable has formed the theme for many hymns, such as Built on the Rock and My Hope Is Built on Nothing Less, which begins:
My hope is built on nothing less Than Jesus' blood and righteousness. I dare not trust the sweetest frame, But wholly trust in Jesus' Name. On Christ the solid Rock I stand, All other ground is sinking sand; All other ground is sinking sand.
