Philippine Negrito languages
The Negrito peoples of the Philippines speak various Philippine languages. They have more in common with neighboring languages than with each other, and are listed here merely as an aid to identification.
Classification
Lobel (2013)
Lobel lists the following Black Filipino ethnolinguistic groups.;Northern Luzon
- Umiray Dumaget
- Remontado Dumagat
- Alta, Northern
- Alta, Southern
- Arta
- Casiguran Agta
- Nagtipunan Agta
- Dinapigue Agta
- Central Cagayan Agta
- Pahanan
- Dupaningan Agta
- Atta
- Dupaningan Agta
- Pahanan Agta
- Casiguran Agta
- Umiray Dumaget
- Remontado Dumagat
- Inagta Alabat
- Manide
- Inagta Partido
- Inagta Rinconada
;Zambales Mountains
- Ayta Mag-indi
- Ayta Mag-anchi
- Ayta Abellen
- Ayta Ambala
- Ayta Bataan
- Inagta Rinconada
- Inagta Partido
- Manide
- Inagta Alabat
- Inata
- Inati
- Mamanwa
- Batak
- Iraya
- Ata/Tigwa/Matigsalug Manobo
- Mount Iraya Agta
- Inagta Alabat
- Dicamay Agta: spoken on the Dicamay River on the western side of the Sierra Madre near Jones, Isabela; reportedly exterminated by Ilokano homesteaders sometime between 1957 and 1974
- Villa Viciosa Agta
Ethnologue adds the extinct and unclassified Katabaga of Catanauan, Quezon, southern Luzon. The language was originally listed by Garvan. Katabaga is in fact a misspelling of Katabangan, the name that the people use to refer to themselves. Some people in the Bikol Region also use the term Katabangan to refer to mixed-blood Agta in the region. Lobel reports from a 2006 visit that the Katabangan speak only Tagalog. According to Lobel, if the Katabangan did in fact speak one of the Philippine Negrito languages before, it would have been related to Agta of the Lopez-Guinayangan area or to Manide based on its present-day location.
Louward Allen Zubiri reports that there are 670 individuals in the Katabangan community. There are also families living in Mulanay, Gumaca, Lopez, and Alabat.
Reid (1994)
Reid lists the following Negrito languages.- North Agta
- *Northern Cagayan
- *Central Cagayan
- *Eastern Cagayan
- *Southern Cagayan
- *Southern Isabela
- *Aurora
- Arta - 12 remaining speakers in Aglipay, Quirino, in 1990
- Alta
- *North Alta - spoken in Aurora Province
- *South Alta - spoken in Nueva Ecija and Bulacan Provinces
- Central Agta - spoken in eastern Luzon; includes Umiray
- South Agta
- *Camarines Norte
- *Camarines Sur
- Sinauna
- Ayta - 6 different languages spoken in the Zambales Mountains according to Wimbel :
- *Abelen
- *Aberlen
- *Magganchi
- *Maggindi
- *Ambala
- *Magbeken Ayta
- Ata Manobo - spoken in Mansalinao, Davao
- Batak - spoken in Palawan
- Inati
- Mamanwa - spoken in Agusan
Reid (2013)
- Malayo-Polynesian
- *diverse MP branches outside of the Philippines
- *Bashiic, Kalamianic and other MP branches on the Philippines not comprising Negrito languages
- *Manide–Alabat
- *Inati
- *Northern Luzon languages
- **Arta
- **Umiray Dumaget
- **Northeastern Luzon languages
- **Cagayan Valley languages
- **Ilokano
- **Meso-Cordilleran languages
- ***North Alta
- ***South Alta
- ***South Cordilleran languages
- ***Central Cordilleran languages
- *Central Luzon languages
- **Remontado Dumagat
- **Kapampangan
- **Sambalic languages
- ***Ayta languages
- ***Sambal languages
- *Central Philippine languages
- **Mamanwa
- **Tagalog
- **Bikol
- **Bisayan
- **Mansaka
Unique vocabulary
- Manide: 28.5%
- Umiray Dumaget: 23%
- Inate: 9%
- Mamanwa: 7%
- Batak: 1%
- Inagta Rinconada; Inagta Partido: 2%
Reid (1994)
Reid lists the following reconstructed forms as possible non-Austronesian lexical elements in Philippine Negrito languages.No. | Gloss | Reconstructed form | Attested branches |
1. | rattan | *lati | North Agta, Alta |
2. | rat | *kuyəŋ | North Agta, Alta, Central Agta |
3. | ashamed | *aməs | North Agta, Alta, Central Agta |
4. | vein | *litid | North Agta, Alta, Central Agta |
5. | bury, inter | *tapuR | North Agta, Alta, Central Agta |
6. | pity, kindness | *Rəbi | North Agta, Arta, Alta |
7. | snake | *babak | Alta, Central Agta, Sinauna |
8. | thirst | *pələk | North Agta, Arta |
9. | hunt | *purab | North Agta, Arta |
10. | deer, buck | *bdut | North Agta, Arta |
11. | fingernail | *usip | North Agta, Arta |
12. | penis | *gləŋ | North Agta, Arta |
13. | wall | *gəsəd | North Agta, Arta |
14. | dog, puppy | *lapul | North Agta, Arta |
15. | fire | *dukut | North Agta, Arta |
16. | hair, feather | *pulug | North Agta, Arta |
17. | boil | *ləbut | North Agta, Alta |
18. | forget | *liksap | North Agta, Alta |
19. | summit | *taltay/*taytay | North Agta, Alta |
20. | forehead | *aŋas | North Agta, South Agta |
21. | summit | *kurut | North Agta, South Agta |
22. | fragrant | *səlub | Arta, Alta |
23. | buttocks | *sula | Alta, Central Agta |
24. | fast | *paripari | Alta, Central Agta |
25. | know | *abuyan | Alta, Central Agta |
26. | leaf | *agid | Alta, Central Agta |
27. | man, male | *patud | Alta, Central Agta |
28. | see | *lawi | Alta, Central Agta |
29. | wall | *sagbuŋ | Alta, Central Agta |
30. | shoulder | *sugbuŋ/*subuŋ | Alta, South Agta |
31. | run | *kaldit | Alta, South Agta |
32. | betel leaf | *lilit | Alta, Ayta |
33. | waterfall | *gərəy | Central Agta, Sinauna |
34. | accompany | *ilan | North Alta, South Alta |
35. | know | *ənul | North Alta, South Alta |
36. | lazy | *bkət | North Alta, South Alta |
37. | pregnant | *tuyud | North Alta, South Alta |
38. | sleep | *puləd | North Alta, South Alta |
39. | heavy | *dəgi | North Agta |
40. | thick | *bagəl | North Agta |
41. | bitter | *təkak | North Agta |
42. | butterfly | *lullu/*lilli | North Agta |
43. | dry in sun | *sarun | North Agta |
44. | hear | *tima | North Agta |
45. | hunt | *lagum | North Agta |
46. | mountain | *amugud | North Agta |
47. | old | *ligid | North Agta |
48. | sun | *pamalak | North Agta |
49. | termite | *sarik | North Agta |
50. | throw | *tugbak | North Agta |
51. | fingernail | *lu/*udis | North Agta |
52. | run | *buyut | North Agta |
53. | wing | *kəpig | North Agta |
54. | throw | *bsag | North Agta |
55. | waterfall | *sənad | North Agta |
56. | shoulder | *dapi | North Agta |
57. | call | *dulaw | North Agta |
58. | sweat | *asub | North Agta |
59. | butterfly | *lumlum/*limlim | North Agta |
60. | sit | *tugkuk | North Agta |
61. | thirst | *gmtaŋ | North Agta |
62. | urine | *sitəb | North Agta |
63. | walk | *sugut | North Agta |
64. | hear | *sanig | North Agta |
65. | rattan | *karat | North Agta |
66. | run | *gutuk | North Agta |
67. | salt | *bgəl | North Agta |
68. | afternoon | *lutəp | Arta |
69. | arrive | *digdig | Arta |
70. | bone | *sagnit | Arta |
71. | butterfly | *pippun | Arta |
72. | drink | *tim | Arta |
73. | ear | *ibəŋ | Arta |
74. | lime | *ŋusu | Arta |
75. | man, male | *gilaŋ | Arta |
76. | mosquito | *buŋur | Arta |
77. | old | *dupu | Arta |
78. | one | *sipaŋ | Arta |
79. | rain | *punəd | Arta |
80. | run | *gurugud | Arta |
81. | say, tell | *bud | Arta |
82. | sleep | *idəm | Arta |
83. | two | *təlip | Arta |
84. | burn | *təmuk | North Alta |
85. | call | *ŋuk | North Alta |
86. | collapse | *bəwəl | North Alta |
87. | depart | *əgaŋ | North Alta |
88. | fruit | *ian | North Alta |
89. | hear | *tibəŋ | North Alta |
90. | hit, strike | *puna | North Alta |
91. | lie down | *ədsaŋ | North Alta |
92. | locust | *pəsal | North Alta |
93. | long | *ləaw | North Alta |
94. | penis | *gəyət | North Alta |
95. | put, place | *dətun | North Alta |
96. | red | *silit | North Alta |
97. | seek | *alyuk | North Alta |
98. | stand | *payuŋ | North Alta |
99. | wait | *tanud | North Alta |
100. | ant | *ilm | South Alta |
101. | black | *litb | South Alta |
102. | blow | *uswa | South Alta |
103. | burn | *tiduk | South Alta |
104. | bury, inter | *laba | South Alta |
105. | butterfly | *lawak | South Alta |
106. | buttocks | *timuy | South Alta |
107. | call | *gawi | South Alta |
108. | carabao | *uduŋ | South Alta |
109. | cry | *kəbi | South Alta |
110. | deep | *tanaw | South Alta |
111. | fall | *pagpag | South Alta |
112. | fight/quarrel | *itaw | South Alta |
113. | fingernail | *lunu | South Alta |
114. | loincloth | *gnat | South Alta |
115. | long | *təwali | South Alta |
116. | other | *kalad | South Alta |
117. | put, place | *bənu | South Alta |
118. | rain | *dəsu | South Alta |
119. | sit | *laŋad | South Alta |
120. | stand | *piad | South Alta |
121. | tail | *lambuŋ | South Alta |
122. | three | *saŋay | South Alta |
123. | tree, wood | *labt | South Alta |
124. | true | *kuduR | South Alta |
125. | vagina | *plaŋ | South Alta |
126. | widow, widower | *dit | South Alta |
127. | wind | *kabu | South Alta |
128. | bone | *kaks | Central Agta |
129. | call | *ulaŋ | Central Agta |
130. | climb | *dawit | Central Agta |
131. | crocodile | *atu | Central Agta |
132. | feather | *putput | Central Agta |
133. | hair | *sapuk | Central Agta |
134. | hunt | *ikag | Central Agta |
135. | ladle | *lukuy | Central Agta |
136. | long | *luy | Central Agta |
137. | no, not | *eyen | Central Agta |
138. | pound | *buntul | Central Agta |
139. | rain | *tapuk | Central Agta |
140. | run | *gkan | Central Agta |
141. | sand | *laŋas | Central Agta |
142. | sit | *lipa | Central Agta |
143. | sleep | *pida | Central Agta |
144. | stand | *di | Central Agta |
145. | sweat | *aldut/*aldt | Central Agta |
146. | vagina | *kin | Central Agta |
147. | water, river | *urat | Central Agta |
148. | white | *lapsay | Central Agta |
149. | fire | *adiŋ | South Agta |
150. | mosquito | *kubuŋ | South Agta |
151. | shoulder | *mugmug | South Agta |
152. | sleep | *lubat | South Agta |
153. | child | *ubun | Sinauna |
154. | leaf | *hayin | Sinauna |
155. | sit | *səna | Sinauna |
156. | stone | *igaŋ | Sinauna |
157. | wind | *rugus | Sinauna |
158. | see | *ələw | Ayta |
Reid considers the endonym *ʔata, meaning 'person', to have been a native Negrito word that was later borrowed into Austronesian with the meaning 'dark-skinned person'.