Pietro Torri
Pietro Torri was an Italian Baroque composer.
Life
From 1684 to 1688, Torri served as the organist and choirmaster of the Margrave of Bayreuth, and later entered into the service of the Elector of Bavaria Maximilian II Emanuel. In 1692 he followed the prince with some gentlemen of the court orchestra to the Spanish Netherlands and later settled with them in Brussels where Torri married the daughter of the ballet master François Rodier.Over the following years he lived in Mons, Namur, Lille, Compiegne, and Valenciennes; where his compositions were performed.
In 1715 he returned to Munich, where he occasionally composed cantatas; and an opera annually. In 1726 Maximilian died, and his son Charles Albert succeeded him to the throne of Bavaria. For this occasion, Torri composed a musical tribute to the new ruler: the allegorical cantata Bavaria. This work alluded to an early Bavarian claim to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire. On the death of Giuseppe Antonio Bernabei in 1732, he was finally officially appointed as choirmaster at the court of Bavaria. Charles Albert was elected emperor in 1726 as Charles VII Albert and Torri became a musician at the imperial court.
Compositions
Along with about 50 operas, Torri wrote serenades, oratorios, cantatas, psalms, and a recorder sonata in C major. His most famous works for voices and orchestra include his Magnificat, Le Triomphe de la paix, a cantata celebrating the Treaty of Rastatt, and a Te Deum for Maximilian II Emanuel. The rediscovery of Torri and revival of his works is largely due to the German composer Christoph Hammer, a musicologist and performer of early music.Dramatic works
Sacred music
Magnificat
Torri likely composed his Magnificat in C major for double choir and orchesta in the 1690s. The work is scored for double SATB choir, two trumpets, bassoon, strings and basso continuo/organ.The Magnificat in C major, BWV Anh. 30, is Johann Sebastian Bach's arrangement of Torri's Magnificat. In Bach's version of the work there are an additional trumpet and timpani.
Masses
- Missa pro Defunctis: Requiem mass for the Elector. The composition is for SSATB singers and an orchestra consisting of oboes, strings and continuo.
- Missa solemnis in D major.
- Mass in C major.
Oratorios
- Abelle.
- San Gaetano.
- La vanità del mondo, libretto by Carlo Francesco Melchiori.
- Giacobbe, also known as Rebecca.
- Genesio.
- Elia, libretto by.
- Abramo, libretto by Domenico Lalli.
- Gionata, libretto by Apostolo Zeno.
Other
- Confitebor tibi Domine in toto corde meo.
- Dominus illuminatio mea.
- In caelo stellato.
- Psalm 31, performed 31 October 1728.
- Laudate pueri Dominum.
- Two different Lauda Jerusalem Dominums.
- Psalm 122.
- Veniat dilectus meus.
Chamber music
''Trastulli''
The Trastulli is a collection of 60 short vocal works surviving in a four-volume autograph, written between 1692 and 1701. The first of these volumes contains 14 chamber cantatas, each consisting exclusively of a recitative and a da capo aria. The other volumes contain such arias without recitative. The Trastulli are, at least in part, extracted from larger vocal works:- The first volume contains 14 Recitative and Aria pairs:
- Con insoliti fregi
- Dalle spine da i Numi
- Non v'è nube importuna
- Volano d'ogni intorno
- Passan di ramo in ramo
- Con dolci melodie
- Le ninfe più vezzose
- Le Castalide suore
- Bella diva
- Seguono i tuoi vestigi
- Del Latio antico e delle Greche scole
- Or va con tanta luce
- L'opre nostre e i pensieri
- Vi piova il ciel benigno
- The second volume contains 17 arias, ten of which are excerpted from the Briseide dramma per musica:
- From Briseide act 3 scene 8: "Godi giubila alma mia"
- From Briseide act 1 scene 9: "Vieni o cara amata sposa al mio cor"
- From Briseide act 1 scene 4: "Agitati miei pensieri"
- From Briseide act 2 scene 5: "Onde chiare imparate a non amare"
- From Briseide act 2 scene 2: "Dolce auretta che sì grata"
- From Briseide act 2 scene 10: "Un core o pianti o sassi"
- "Luci serene se per voi moro"
- "Di pastorella oh quanto è bella"
- "Spero sì dagli aspri marmi"
- "Fra gli orrori di notte più ombrosa"
- "Se dar voglio al mio crudo tormento"
- "Vivo in pene e di consiglio non ho speme"
- From Briseide act 1 scene 7: "Rendetemi al mio ben fati inclementi"
- "Cresce il foco a poco"
- From Briseide act 3 scene 8: "Nel mio fiero penar"
- From Briseide: "Quando venne nel mio core"
- From Briseide act 1 scene 11: "Hai finito a tanti guai"
- The third volume contains an aria for alto, while all other Trastulli are either for soprano or bass:
- "Son di foco e son di ghiaccio"
- "Il sospiro è una parola"
- "All'or che vezzosa sul prato"
- "Chi non gode di sua lode"
- "Sei menzognera sei lusinghiera"
- "Con tal voce il ciel richiama"
- "Quanto dura omai ti rendi"
- "Il rispetto che mi rende"
- "Già langue il seno e già vien meno"
- "Il pastorello s'en giace afflitto"
- "Lascivoli il mio desio"
- "Sorghin pur tempeste irate"
- "Orror profondo la terra ingombra"
- "Si vendicate o dei"
- "Sonno amico de' mortali"
- The fourth volume contains one aria in French, and one without text – all other Trastulli have an Italian text:
- "Traffitto ho il seno da un guardo ameno"
- "Aurette flebili che qui spirate"
- "Se un guardo girate pupille vezzose"
- "V'amo sì care luci adorate"
- "Ombre amene della notte deh calmate"
- "Deh volate o miei pensieri"
- "Deh volgi sereno quel guardo che ameno"
- From S Landelino: "Per dar sfogo al mio crudo".
- "Sei pur cruda a miei tormenti"
- "Triste remous funeste inquiétude"
- "Vuo cercando il mio ristoro"
- Aria without text
- "Come ahi lasso ti perdei"
- "Al languido seno"
Sonatas
- Sonata in C major for alto recorder and continuo.
- Sonata in C major for two violins, viola, cello and continuo, in four movements:
- # Allegro
- # Presto
- # Adagio
- # Presto
- Sonata in F major for two violins, viola, cello and organ, in three movements:
- # Allegro
- # Adagio
- # Presto
Discography
- Musik am Hofe des Kurfürsten Max Emanuel von Bayern is a 1970s LP recording of the Münchener Kammerorchester conducted by Hans Stadlmair, containing extracts of these works by Torri:
- * Introduzione a balli.
- * Peripezze della Fortuna.
- * Merope.
- Echoes of Love: Eighteenth-Century Italian Cantatas is a 1993 CD containing Torri's V'amo si, care luci, a three-movement cantata, consisting of a recitative preceded and followed by an aria :
- * "V'amo, si, care luci adorate"
- * "Escon da' vostri rai"
- * "Se, allorche vi miro"
- Six arias of the Trastulli, sung by soprano Tania d'Altann, are included on a CD that was recorded in 1884 and released in 1998 :
- * "Di Pastorella"
- * "Fra Gli Orrori di Notte"
- * "Dolce Auretta"
- * Passan Di Ramo In Ramo
- * "Un Core, O Piante, O Sassi"
- * "Sorghin Pur Tempeste Irate"
- Torri's Missa pro Defunctis is included in Pro defunctis: Liturgy for the death of the baroque area, performed by Paul Dombrecht conducting Il Fondamento, Passacaille 933.
- La Baviera performed by Christoph Hammer conducting the Neue Hofkapelle München, Ars Produktion 38 001. Other compositions by Torri contained on this SACD recording:
- * La publica felicità
- * Egloga pastorale
- Le Triomphe de la Paix performed by Christoph Hammer conducting the Neue Hofkapelle München, ORF CD 424. Other compositions by Torri contained on this SACD recording:
- * Magnificat à 15 et più;
- * Motet Veniat dilectus meus.
- Le martyre des Maccabées, Musique en Wallonie.
- Some recordings of "Son rosignolo" from L'innocenza difesa dai Numi, a.k.a. Ismène, were released in the 2010s:
- * 2011: performed by Collegium Flauto e Voce
- * 2014 : sung by Friederike Holzhausen, accompanied by Susanne Ehrhardt and Sabine Erdmann
- * 2015: by Stefan Temmingh, Dorothee Mields and the Gentleman's Band
- La prima diva: Arie per Faustina Bordoni is a 2014 CD on with arias composed for Faustina Bordoni, among which "Se amori ascolterò" from Torri's Griselda, sung by Agata Bienkowska accompanied by Barockwerk Hamburg and Ira Hochman.
- Another aria from Griselda, "Vorresti col tuo pianto", is included in Xavier Sabata's Catharsis album.
- Terry Wey's 2017 Pace e guerra: Arias for Bernacchi album contains a few arias which Torri composed for the castrato singer Antonio Bernacchi:
- * "Pace e guerra" from Lucio Vero
- * "La cara tua favella" from Amadis di Grecia
- * "Parto, non ho costanza" from Venceslao
- La vanità del mondo performed by Reinhard Goebel conducting Barbara Schlick, Ingrid Schmithüsen, Derek Lee Ragin, Michael Schopper and Musica Antiqua Köln, Musique en Wallonie MEW 1890.
- "Amorosa rondinella" from Nicomede, sung by Nuria Rial, accompanied by Kammerorchester Basel is included in Baroque Twitter, an album recorded in 2017 and released in 2018
- Recitative and Aria from Amadis di Grecia, sung by soprano Mary Bevan accompanied by Bridget Cunningham conducting London Early Opera, is included in Handel’s Queens.