Province No. 2


Province No. 2 is a province in the southeastern region of Nepal that was formed after the adoption of the Constitution of Nepal. It is Nepal's second most populous province, and smallest province by area. It borders Province No. 1 to the east, Bagmati Pradesh to the north, and India to the south. It has an area of with a population of 5,404,145 per the 2011 Census of Nepal, making it most densely populated province of Nepal.
The Koshi River and Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve acts as provincial demarcation border between Province No. 2 and Province No. 1 in the east. And the demarcation line between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as provincial demarcation border between Province No. 2 and Province No. 3 in the west.
The province includes eight districts from Saptari District in the east to Parsa District in the west. The majority of the province's population speaks Maithili, Bhojpuri, Bajjika and Nepali.
The Capital city, a sub-metropolitan city of Janakpur, also known as Janakpurdham, is a centre for religious and cultural tourism. It is also thought to have been the capital of the Videha dynasty that ruled Mithila region in ancient times.
The first urban planned municipality of Nepal, Rajbiraj, is also the oldest municipality of the Terai belt of Nepal. The town is believed to have been named after the ancient Rajdevi temple, which dates back to the 1700s. The metropolitan city of Birgunj is an economically important industrial centre and the only metropolitan city in the province.
As per a 17 January 2018 cabinet meeting, Janakpur has been declared as the interim capital of Province No. 2. Mohammad Lalbabu Raut Gaddhi is the current Chief Minister.

Geography

The region is surrounded by:
As per Central Bureau of Statistics the province covers about. of Nepal's total area of. with total number of 5,404,145 inhabitants, it is the second most populous province in Nepal.
The province is located on flat plains of Terai, and Chure or the Shiwalik Hills are the natural border of the province which falls in northern side. The southern side has an international border with the India. Koshi River on its eastern side acting as a natural border with Province No. 1. Province No. 2 has eight districts in a series. Koshi River, Bagmati River, Kamla River, Lakhandei River and Bishnumati River are the main rivers of the province.
LocationAugust
August
January
January
Annual
Precipitation
Gaur91/77.923/9.173.4/48.432.8/25.51590.2/62.6
Siraha89.6/76.332/24.672.1/47.322.3/8.51293.1/50.9
Birgunj84.729.360.8161862.2/73.3
Jaleshwar84.429.161.216.21492.9/58.8
Malangwa84.429.160.8161817.7/71.6
Janakpur84.22960.8161516.5/59.7
Rajbiraj83.328.560.415.81223.3/48.2
Lahan83.328.560.315.71231.4/48.5

Government and Administration

The Governor acts as the head of the province while the Chief Minister is the head of the provincial government. The Chief Judge of the Janakpur High Court is the head of the judiciary. The present Governor, Chief Minister and Chief Judge are Tilak Pariyar, Mohammad Lalbabu Raut and Udaya Prakash Chapagain. The province has 107 provincial assembly constituencies and 32 House of Representative constituencies.
Province No. 2 has a unicameral legislature, like all of the other provinces in Nepal. The term length of provincial assembly is five years. The Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2 is temporarily housed at the District Education Office in Janakpur.

Administrative subdivisions

Province No. 2 is divided into eight districts, which are listed below. A district is administrated by the head of the District Coordination Committee and the District Administration Officer. The districts are further dived to municipalities or rural municipalities. The municipalities include one metropolitan city, three sub-metropolitan cities and 73 municipalities. There are 59 rural municipalities in the province.
#NameNepaliHeadquartersPopulation AreaWebsite
1Parsa Districtपर्सा जिल्लाBirgunj601,0171,353 km²
2Bara Districtबारा जिल्लाKalaiya687,7081,190 km²
3Rautahat Districtरौतहट जिल्लाGaur686,7221,126 km²
4Sarlahi Districtसर्लाही जिल्लाMalangawa769,7291,259 km²
5Siraha Districtसिराहा जिल्लाSiraha637,3281,188 km²
6Dhanusha Districtधनुषा जिल्लाJanakpur754,7771,180 km²
7Saptari Districtसप्तरी जिल्लाRajbiraj639,2841,363 km²
8Mahottari Districtमहोत्तरी जिल्लाJaleshwar627,5801,002 km²

Infrastructure

Transport

Province No. 2 has no difficult terrains still the transportation has not been well developed in the region due to lack of investments and negligence.

Roadways

The major connecting link for the province is the Mahendra Highway which runs longitudinally across the province. All major cities of the province remain disconnected from this highway. Janakpurdham, Rajbiraj, Birgunj and Gaur lie 25,10, 24 and 42 kilometres south of the Mahendra Highway, respectively. The Tribhuvan Highway does not cross as much of the province as the Mahendra Highway, but it is most important link as it connects the province to Kathmandu and to the India. The starting point of Tribhuvan Highway i.e. Birgunj is the most important International Gateway and trade way for this province and entire country and hence known as "The Gateway of Nepal". In terms of revenue generation, Birgunj custom point is the largest. Birendra highway which is connected to Mahendra highway from Headquarter of Rautahat district Gaur to the Chandranigahapur. which is 42 km in length.
A few other railway projects are under progress in the province no. 2. All these projects are of Nepal Railways. Government of Nepal has proposed Janakpur as a Main Station for 1024 km east-west Metro Railway project and further be extended to India and China for connecting Nepal Railways with Indian Railways and China Railway for business and tourism promotion.
Domestic Airports:
Province No. 2 has three domestic airports in use which are the busiest among the country.
International Airport: