The regiment was formed in 1969 by the amalgamation of the South Wales Borderers and the Welch Regiment. Prince Charles was appointed Colonel-in-Chief of the new regiment in early 1969, his first Army appointment. The amalgamation parade of the two regiments took place in Cardiff Castle in early 1969, in front of Prince Charles. In August 1969 units of the 1st Battalion the Royal Regiment of Wales became the first British troops to be deployed in Belfast with A & B companies taking control of the Lower Falls Roadon the night of 15 August. C company had been deployed some days earlier in Derry. In late 1969 Prince Charles went to Caernarfon, North Wales, where the Queen created him Prince of Wales. Charles wore the uniform of Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regiment of Wales for the ceremony. From 1969 to 1973 the regiment was posted to Osnabrück in West Germany, returning to Northern Ireland on two occasions for short tours. The battalion returned to Belfast in 1973 for two years as the resident unit then in 1975 it was posted for two years in West Berlin. In 1977 the battalion were brought back to the United Kingdom and posted to Aldershot, also during this period they spent time in Belize and Hong Kong as well as on exercise in Germany and a further tour in Northern Ireland. The battalion re-enacted the defence of Rorke's Drift as part of the centenary events at the Cardiff Castle Tattoo in 1979. Towards the end of 1979, 25 soldiers were to play a significant role during Operation Agila, which monitored the fragile ceasefire in Rhodesia prior to and during the first all-party elections. In 1982 the regiment was posted to Lemgo in West Germany to begin a six-year tour of duty as a Mechanised Infantry Battalion. Northern Ireland continued to dominate life in the battalion’s history and during this period. Of particular note was its deployment to Belfast for an emergency tour in May 1981 during which the regiment formed the spearhead for the funeral of hunger-striker Bobby Sands. There were further operational tours in the province of Northern Ireland during 1983-84 and 1986-87. In 1988 the regiment returned to the United Kingdom to Warminster in Wiltshire as the School of Infantry's Demonstration Battalion and in 1990 the regiment arrived in Hong Kong where it was deployed to the Sino-Hong Kong Border and also carried out anti-smuggling operations with the police. In 1992 the regiment returned to Britain to be stationed at Clive Barracks in Shropshire and in 1994 the regiment changed roles and began an intense period of Northern Ireland training prior to its deployment to Shackleton Barracks in County Londonderry as a Resident Battalion. The regiment moved to Cavalry Barracks, Hounslow in London in 1996 and then moved to Paderborn to take up an Armoured Infantry role, equipped with Warrior armoured fighting vehicles, in 1st Armoured Division, part of NATO's Allied Rapid Reaction Corps in 1998. The regiment deployed operationally to Bosnia in 1999, C coy also deployed to Kosovo 1999 and 2000 and to Iraq in 2003. It moved to Tidworth in 2005 and units were deployed on Operation Telic 6 later that year. On 1 March 2006 it was announced that, as part of the reorganisation of the infantry, the Royal Welch Fusiliers and the Royal Regiment of Wales would amalgamate to form the Royal Welsh. This occurred on 1 March 2006, St David's Day, the national day of Wales.
The Royal Regiment of Wales was one of two British regiments to have a goat as its mascot. The other one was the Royal Welch Fusiliers. The regiment's goats were always named Taffy plus a Roman numeral to show the succession, and are traditionally selected from the royal herd kept at Whipsnade Zoo, an outstation of the London Zoo. It's fitting that the two regiments with goat-mascots have now combined as one. The soldier in charge of the mascot is styled as the "Goat Major", who, unlike what the rank suggests, is a corporal.
