San Germán, Puerto Rico
San Germán is a municipality located in the southwestern region of Puerto Rico, south of Mayagüez and Maricao, north of Lajas, east of Hormigueros and Cabo Rojo, and west of Sabana Grande. San Germán is spread over eighteen wards plus San Germán Pueblo. It is both a principal city of the San Germán–Cabo Rojo Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Mayagüez–San Germán–Cabo Rojo Combined Statistical Area.
San Germán is the second oldest city of Puerto Rico, after San Juan. The island of Puerto Rico was once split between the San Juan and the San Germán municipalities. The latter covered the western half of Puerto Rico, and extended from the western shores of the island to Arecibo in the north and Ponce in the south.
History
The population of San Germán when Alonso Manso was named the first bishop of Puerto Rico in 1511 was "about 50 neighbors".Spanish settlement in San Germán occurred early in the conquest and colonization of Puerto Rico. After the destruction of a small early settlement near modern-day Añasco during a Taíno uprising which started in February 1511, in 1512 the new settlement was built by Miguel Diaz at Guayanilla
and named after Germaine of Foix, the new queen of King Fernando. This town was attacked by French corsairs in August 1528, May 1538 and 1554. The construction of a small fort began in 1540, but work stopped in 1546 when the population of the town began moving inland to the current modern location.
An early written reference to the new town occurs in 1573. A letter sent to Spain's king Philip II mentions a city with the names of Nueva Salamanca and San Germán. Spanish conquerors used the name Nueva Salamanca to honor the city of Salamanca in Spain.
On May 12, 1571, the Royal Audience of Santo Domingo authorized that both the populations of San Germán and Santa María de Guadianilla be merged into a single city due to the constant French attacks. The new city was built on the hills of Santa Marta, next to the Guanajibo River in 1573. Its official name was Nueva Villa de Salamanca, named after the city of Salamanca in Spain. However, the population called the city San Germán el Nuevo and, eventually, the Villa de San Germán.
San Germán is also known as the founding city of towns, given the fact that in 1514 the Spanish crown separated the island into two administrative territories. The borders of the two partidos were established as the Camuy River to the north and the Jacagua river to the south. They were named the San Juan Partition and the San Germán Partition.
Geography
San Germán is in the southwest. Mountains in San Germán include Alto del Descanso and Tetas de Cerro Gordo. San Germán has a number of rivers: Río Caín, Río Duey, Río Rosario, Río Guanajibo, Río Hoconuco Guamá and Rio El Brujo.Hurricane Maria
on September 20, 2017 triggered numerous landslides in San Germán with the significant amount of rainfall.Barrios
Like all municipalities of Puerto Rico, San Germán is subdivided into barrios. The municipal buildings, central square and large Catholic church are located in a barrio referred to as "el pueblo".- Ancones
- Caín Alto
- Caín Bajo
- Cotuí
- Duey Alto
- Duey Bajo
- Guamá
- Hoconuco Alto
- Hoconuco Bajo
- Maresúa
- Minillas
- Retiro
- Rosario Alto
- Rosario Bajo
- Rosario Peñón
- Sabana Eneas
- Sabana Grande Abajo
- San Germán barrio-pueblo
- Tuna
Sectors
Special Communities
Of the 742 places on the list of Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico, the following barrios, communities, sectors, or neighborhoods were in San Germán: Ancones, Comunidad El Retiro, Comunidad Las Quebradas, La Tea, Parcelas Las Carolinas, Parcelas Minillas en Barrio Minillas, Parcelas Sabana Eneas, and Rosario Peñón.Climate
Tourism
San Germán is the site of the Porta Coeli church, one of the earliest Spanish churches built in Latin America. Porta Coeli is still a major attraction that brings both domestic and international tourists every year.Landmarks and places of interest
- Puente de Bolas
- Museo Farmacia La Botica
- Museo de la Historia de San Germán
- Casa Morales
- Ceiba de la Libertad
- Historic Gallery
- Lola Rodríguez de Tió Museum
- Casa Cruz de la Luna
- Ramírez de Arrellano y Rossell Museum
- Santo Domingo Plazuela
- Three Races and One Culture Mural
- San Germán Historic District
- Porta Coeli
- Inter-American University of Puerto Rico
- Church San Germán de Auxerre
- La Barrica, Original Spanish Tavern. Circa 1847
Culture
Festivals and events
San Germán celebrates its patron saint festival in late July / early August. The Fiestas Patronales de San German Euserre is a religious and cultural celebration that generally features parades, games, artisans, amusement rides, regional food, and live entertainment.Other festivals and events celebrated in San Germán include:
- Festival de la Pana - July
- Anón Festival - September
- Christmas Festival - December
- Christmas Parade - Early December
- Patron Celebrations —Celebrated in San Germán's Rosario Poblado, which borders Mayagüez.
Sports
The Athletic's fan base is most commonly referred to as their sixth man, or "The Orange Monster". This is because for a visiting team it's extremely hard to win in San Germán due to how vigorous and "into" the game the fans are.
The Athletics have been to 26 National Superior Basketball Finals, of which one was cancelled due to confiscation because of a fight between players from San Germán and the Ponce Lions, giving birth to Puerto Rican basketball's most intense rivalry.
Championships : 1932, 1936, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1985, 1991, 1994, 1997
Sub-Championships : 1931, 1933, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1965, 1986
Economy
Agriculture
The area around San Germán grows fruits and sugar cane on mid-scale. Dairy farms are also present in small scale. Some locals grow other produce on a small scale. Other industries in the municipality include Baxter Serum Mfg., Cordis, Insertco, Wallace Silversmiths de Puerto Rico, General Electric and several other companies in the service industry.Business
Most businesses are located in or near the "downtown" area. Plaza del Oeste is the main shopping center.Industry
Major employers of the city include Fresenius Kabi, CCL, Wallace International, General Electric and several business owners.Motion pictures filmed In San Germán
- Act of Valor Which follows a Navy Seal squad on a covert mission to recover a kidnapped CIA Agent Morales.
- Dinero Sangre In a banana republic a ruthless mercenary waits to make a killing in gold. Only two people stand in his way
Demographics
Government
Like all municipalities in Puerto Rico, San Germán is administered by a mayor. The current mayor is Isidro A. Negrón Irizarry, from the Partido Popular Democrático Popular Democratic Party. Negrón was first elected in the 2000 general election.The city belongs to the Puerto Rico Senatorial district IV, which is represented by two Senators. In 2012, María Teresa González and Gilberto Rodríguez were elected as District Senators.
Transportation
There are 44 bridges in San Germán.Symbols
Flag
Green - The Episcopal dignity and also the color of the Shield of Christopher Columbus and his son, don Diego Colón, Viceroy of the Indies, who named the city in honor of Germana de Foix.White - The purity of the blood of the great families who colonized San Germán.
Purple - Color of the Shield of Juan Ponce de León, first governor of Puerto Rico.
Coat of arms
First Quarter: The Mitre and the Staff in a green field represent St. Germain of Auxerre, the Patron Saint of the city.Second Quarter: The second quarter exhibits the arms of the Kingdoms of Aragón and Sicily, where don Fernando the Catholic reigned.
Third Quarter: In this quarter the arms combine with the County of Foix and the Kingdom of France, which constitute the family shields of Germaine de Foix whose name is perpetuated as the name of the city of San Germán.
Fourth Quarter: Is Ponce de León's shield, The Crown: Is a civic or municipal standard and is used as a stamp for towns and cities; San Germán was assigned five towers to denote that this population formally obtained the title of city from the Spanish crown in the nineteenth century.
Education
San Germán has 15 public schools: 8 elementary schools, 1 middle school, 4 second units and 2 high schools:- Amina Tió de Malaret
- Antonia Martínez
- Bartolomé de las Casas
- Carmen Borrás Batistini
- Georgina Alvarado
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
- Herminia C. Ramírez
- Mariano Abril
- Julio Víctor Guzmán
- Luis Muñoz Rivera
- Federico Degetau
- Francisco Mariano Quiñones
- Galo Rosado
- Laura Mercado
- Lola Rodríguez de Tió
The main campus of the Inter-American University of Puerto Rico is located adjacent to the downtown area of San Germán. It was founded in 1912 as the Polytechnical Institute of Puerto Rico, the first private university on the island.
Notable Puerto Ricans from San Germán
- PFC Joseph R. Martínez destroyed a German infantry unit and tank in Tunisia, during World War II, by providing heavy artillery fire, saving his platoon from being attacked in the process. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, second only to the Medal of Honor, by General George S. Patton, thus becoming the first Puerto Rican recipient of said military decoration.
- Ubaldino Ramírez de Arellano—Senator
- Lola Rodríguez de Tió—poet, author of the original lyrics of Puerto Rico's national anthem, La Borinqueña, and pro-independence advocate
- Benjamín Marcantoni - opera singer
- Benicio del Toro—Award-winning actor
- Francisco Mariano Quiñones—Abolitionist and politician
- Samuel R. Quiñones—Longest-serving President of the Puerto Rico Senate, serving for twenty years.
Gallery