The WB 100+ Station Group


The WB 100+ Station Group is a defunct programming service operated by The WB Television Network – owned by the Warner Bros. Entertainment division of Time Warner, the Tribune Company and the group's founder, Jamie Kellner – comprising an affiliate group primarily made of non-broadcast local cable television outlets. Operating from September 21, 1998 to September 18, 2006, the service was intended for areas ranked below the top 100 Nielsen Media Research-designated television markets in the United States.
In addition to carrying WB programming, it also maintained a master schedule of syndicated programming that aired simultaneously on all WB 100+ affiliates outside of designated network programming time periods, essentially structuring the service as a de facto national feed of The WB. Programming and promotional services for The WB 100+ were housed at The WB's corporate headquarters in Burbank, California; engineering and master control operations were based at the California Video Center in Los Angeles.

History

Pre-launch

The history of The WB 100+ can be traced back to a charter affiliation agreement reached on December 3, 1993, between The WB and Tribune Broadcasting, which resulted in Tribune's Chicago television flagship WGN-TV carrying The WB's prime time programming.
Through that deal, WGN's national superstation feed would act as a default WB affiliate for select markets where the network would have difficulty securing an affiliation with a broadcast television station at The WB's launch on January 11, 1995. This arrangement was conceived to give the network enough time to find affiliates in those "white areas", allowing the WGN superstation feed to nationally distribute The WB's programming to a broader audience than would be possible without such an agreement in the interim. Some cable providers also carried either KTLA or WPIX depending on the location in addition to or in lieu of WGN's national feed.

Development and launch

– co-founder, and original president of The WB – conceived the concept of a cable-originated programming service that would serve smaller markets, originally titled The WeB, in June 1996; the network formally presented its concept for the service, which would function similarly to the reasoning behind the agreement with the WGN superstation feed, to cable providers on September 24 of that year. Kellner had previous experience in developing such a service; during his tenure as Fox's original network president from 1986 to 1993, Kellner developed a similar service, Foxnet, a cable channel owned by News Corporation that operated from June 1991 to September 2006, and was the first cable channel that designed to distribute a broadcast network's programming directly to cable providers in smaller markets where the network could not maintain an exclusive affiliation due to the limited number of available commercial television stations. After Russell Myerson joined The WB in 1997, Kellner came to Myerson with his idea for a national cable feed of the network that would distribute WB programming to these "white area" markets with five or fewer commercial stations.
Time Warner, the network's majority owner, commissioned IBM and Enterprise Systems Group to develop a national data server network that would digitally transmit local and national advertisements, promos, station identifications and customized logo bugs for each individual affiliate to headends operating the local WB 100+ affiliate in their home market. The network would be relayed to a "station in a box", a wireless PC-based system that was programmed to download, store and insert advertising appropriate to the individual affiliate's home market in pre-determined time periods set through a playlist over the satellite-delivered national feed as well as to transfer the programming feeds, via a disseminated address header based on the affiliate's designated call letters. The SIB units – which cost $9,000 per unit – were sold to each prospective affiliate operator with costs fully shouldered by The WB; the SIBs held 90 minutes of programming material at a time, in addition to transmitting advertisements and program promotions, and logging previously aired ad spots. Affiliates trafficked local advertising via logfiles sent over the Internet to a Novar management system located at The WB's corporate offices, that handled trafficking, programming feed dissemination and local insertion to individual affiliates. All programming provided by the service was distributed to WB 100+ affiliates via a centralcasting hub based at the California Video Center in southwestern Los Angeles.
Originally slated for a September 8 launch, The WeB was launched at 7:00 p.m. Eastern Time on September 21, 1998 on 80 cable-only affiliates, reaching 2.8 million cable television subscribers in the United States – the largest simultaneous launch of a station group in the history of American television. The service was created to serve a similar capacity that Superstation WGN held as a national distributor of The WB – the difference being that stations within The WB 100+ group were structured in the manner of a local broadcast station: local WB 100+ affiliates were managed by either a local cable provider or an affiliate of a larger over-the-air television station, which may have produced some local programming – such as a prime time newscast – or televised local sporting events.
WB 100+ stations also aired local commercial inserts and promotions, although promotions for syndicated programs aired on the service omitted affiliate references in favor of network branding and were not customized to reference the program's local airtime, with the announcer being used to read the promo's airtime card only identifying that the program airs " on The WB". Each affiliate had their own individual branding.
As part of the initial six-year affiliation agreements signed in late 1997 and throughout 1998, cable providers that operated local WB 100+ affiliates received the service's programming free of charge, instead of being required to pay a carriage fee directly to the network ; in addition, affiliates and their advertising sales partners shared a percentage of the revenue earned through the sale of local ads. The WB 100+ was designed to comply with Nielsen regulations defining what constitutes a local station; this allowed viewership totals from the cable-only affiliates to be counted alongside the network's conventional broadcast affiliates to accurately count toward the national ratings for WB network programming.
As time went on, The WB 100+ expanded, increasing its body of cable-only affiliates, while also adding affiliations with conventional broadcast television stations in a few markets. By September 2001, The WB 100+'s national availability had increased to 7.4 million households. The service's programming reached 109 out of 111 television markets within those eligible to affiliate with The WB 100+, totaling nine million households by January 2005. By the time The WB ceased operations in September 2006, the only eligible market never to have been served by a WB 100+ affiliate was Lafayette, Indiana, which received WB programming via WTTK in the adjacent Indianapolis market.
In some markets where a local cable provider carried Superstation WGN upon the initial rollout of the service, a WB 100+ affiliate supplanted WGN as the local WB affiliate; though for a year following the launch of The WB 100+, programming duplication between the local WB 100+ affiliate and WGN persisted in some areas where a cable provider did not black out WB programming airing over the WGN superstation feed. As additional WB 100+ affiliates signed on, network management deemed that The WB's affiliate footprint was large enough to request that WGN drop its programming from the station's national feed in October 1999; the local WGN-TV Chicago signal remained a WB affiliate until the network's September 2006 shutdown.

Transition to The CW Plus

On January 24, 2006, Time Warner and CBS Corporation announced that The WB and UPN would each be shut down; in turn, the two companies would partner to launch The CW Television Network, a new network that would feature some programs from The WB and UPN initially forming the nuclei of its schedule in September of that year. To coincide with the change, The CW announced on February 24, that it would start a service called The CW Plus, a group of primarily digital subchannels, analog and non-broadcast cable television outlets affiliated with the network, serving areas of the United States ranked below the top 99 television markets; this service is nearly identical in structure to The WB 100+, albeit with a more diversified body of affiliates. There was no guarantee that existing affiliates of The WB 100+ would automatically join The CW Plus, although the vast majority ultimately did, and programming transitioned seamlessly from The WB 100+ to the successor CW Plus service.
Since digital television allows multiple "subchannels" to be carried on a single over-the-air signal, most of the CW Plus' affiliates air on the multicast feeds of those stations that manage the affiliates. Thus, they are no longer technically "cable-only" and must now use the parent station's licensed callsigns instead of a fictional one. However, some stations (such as WBVC in Northern Michigan; WBWO in Wheeling, West Virginia; CW Glendive in Glendive, Montana; KWMK in Bismarck, North Dakota; WBAE in Alpena, Michigan and KSXF in Joplin, Missouri remain cable-exclusive outlets.

Programming

The WB 100+ utilized a dual programming model which differed from the traditional network affiliate model used by WB-affiliated stations in large and medium-sized markets, in which the affiliate handled complete responsibility of providing syndicated and local programming to fill non-network timeslots. Instead, dayparts on WB 100+ affiliates without WB programming were programmed by the network, primarily with programs that were being carried at the time in national syndication – along with syndicated film packages that filled select weekend timeslots, and brokered programming that was time-leased by The WB to fill most overnight and some early afternoon timeslots on the service; this relieved the WB 100+ affiliate's local owner of the duty of acquiring syndicated programming to fill timeslots not occupied by network content from The WB. This was similar to the programming strategy of Foxnet, though unlike The WB 100+, Foxnet was distributed as a conventional cable channel and local operators were not allowed to tailor the service to their local market with their own branding, or carry local news or sports programming.
In addition to the hour of programming provided by the Kids' WB Saturday morning block that featured content complying with the regulations, the remaining two hours of programming that fulfilled educational programming guidelines defined by the Children's Television Act was taken care of by The WB 100+, which carried syndicated E/I programs for broadcast on early Saturday afternoons immediately after the conclusion of the block for much of The WB 100+'s existence.
The parent station or cable franchise operator of the local WB 100+ affiliate maintained responsibility of selling local advertising for the station or cable-only outlet, with the service allocating time to affiliates to incorporate local commercial inserts during WB network and WB 100+-acquired syndicated programming. The WB offered a multi-tiered advertising sales plan to prospective affiliates allowing for the sale and transmission of commercials for local, regional and national businesses on the customized feed; it also handled responsibility for marketing campaigns customized for each affiliate that were developed through an in-house marketing department operated by The WB for the station group. The affiliate operator also held responsibility of acquiring alternative syndicated programming to substitute those provided by The WB 100+, if the rights to that program are held by another station in their market.
Though The WB itself never carried any national news programming of its own throughout its 11-year existence, in September 2002, The WB acquired the syndication rights to The Daily Buzz – a morning news and lifestyle program that, at the time, was produced by ACME Communications – for broadcast on The WB 100+; the program was also syndicated to stations in markets that were not covered by either The WB 100+ or where ACME did not own a station.
The WB 100+ feed was originally designed for the Eastern and Pacific Time Zones, whose master schedules were formatted to align the start time of The WB's prime time programming with the network's broadcast affiliate feed; a Central Time Zone feed was added by the early 2000s, followed by an Alaska Time Zone feed that launched in 2005. As such, the Kids' WB and Daytime WB blocks, which were designed to be tape-delayed, were aired an hour earlier on affiliates – compared to their preferred scheduling – on affiliates in the Central, Mountain and Alaska time zones.

List of WB 100+ affiliates

This is a list of WB 100+ stations, ranked by designated market area, as of September 2006, when The WB ceased operations as a broadcast network. Note that most "call letters" below are informal, as these stations did not broadcast over-the-air and as such, were not licensed by the Federal Communications Commission ; the meanings of each affiliate's "call sign" are also included. There were a few exceptions – actual FCC-licensed broadcast stations are indicated in italics. Some of the "fake" calls used by the cable-only WB affiliates may be the same as calls used by actual over-the-air stations, and may create confusion for some; such stations are identified in this list for disambiguation.
After each station's name is the status of the CW affiliation, as of 2015. If no status is part of the station's listing, The CW does not have a confirmed affiliate in the market that the WB 100+ station served. The rankings for each market are as of the 2005–06 television season.
DMA #MarketStationFaux call
sign
Callsign meaningYears of affiliationCurrent status
Harlingen-Weslaco-Brownsville-McAllen, Texas"KMHB" McAllen Harlingen BrownsvilleWas ranked #104 when the channel was founded; formerly "KHWB"; The CW is now affiliated with KCWT-CD
Savannah, Georgia"WBVH"
WB SaVannaHWas ranked #100 when the channel was founded; The CW is now affiliated with WSAV-DT2
Charleston, South Carolina"WBLN"
WB Lowcountry NetworkThe CW is now affiliated with WCBD-DT2
Lincoln-Hastings-Kearney, NebraskaKCWL 51
"KWBL"
KWBL: WB LincolnBoth became part of The CW Plus
Fort Smith-Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, ArkansasKBBL 34Switched to RTV programming, and is now affiliated with MyNetworkTV, Antenna TV and Tuff TV under the callsign KXNW; sibling KPBI-CA went to MyNetworkTV; The CW is now affiliated with KHBS-DT2 / KHOG-DT2
Greenville-New Bern-Washington, North Carolina"WGWB"Greenville's WBThe CW is now affiliated with WNCT-DT2
Fort Wayne, Indiana"WBFW" WB Fort WayneThe CW is now affiliated with former NBC affiliate WISE-TV
Florence-Myrtle Beach, South Carolina"WFWB"Florence WBThe CW is now seen on former UPN affiliate WWMB
Springfield-Holyoke, Massachusetts"WBQT" Became part of The CW Plus, before WWLP took over the channel's operations in March 2015; The CW is now affiliated with WWLP-DT2
Tallahassee, Florida-Thomasville, GeorgiaWFXU 48Became part of The CW Plus, now silent; The CW is now affiliated with WTLF and WTLH-DT2
Lansing, Michigan"WBL" WB LansingBecame part of The CW Plus and now operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned WLAJ
Tyler-Longview, Texas"KWTL"WB TyLerIn January 2006, KCEB moved its affiliation from UPN to The WB, and has since joined the CW
Reno, NevadaKREN-TV 27RENoBecame part of The CW Plus
Traverse City-Cadillac, Michigan"WBVC" WB TraVerse CityBecame part of The CW Plus
Sioux Falls, South DakotaKWSD 36WB South DakotaBecame part of The CW Plus
Augusta, Georgia"WBAU" WB AUgustaThe CW is now affiliated with WAGT-DT2
Montgomery, Alabama"WBMY"WB MontgomerYThe CW is now affiliated with WBMM, an unrelated digital station
Peoria-Bloomington, Illinois"WBPE"WB PEoriaThe CW is now affiliated with WEEK-DT3
Fargo-Grand Forks, North Dakota"WBFG" WB FarGoThe CW is now affiliated with WDAY-DT2
Boise, Idaho"KWOB"The WB moved to "KWOB" from KNIN-TV, which was a CW affiliate from 2006 to 2011, when it affiliated with Fox; The CW is now affiliated with former UPN affiliate KYUU-LD and is simulcast on KBOI-DT2
Macon, Georgia"WBMN" WB MacoNBecame part of The CW Plus
Eugene, OregonKMTR"KZWB" The CW is now affiliated with KMTR-DT2
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-San Luis Obispo, California"KWCA" WB CAliforniaThe CW is now affiliated with KSBY-DT2
La Crosse-Eau Claire, Wisconsin"WBCZ" WB La CroZe The CW is now affiliated with WXOW-DT3 in La Crosse and WQOW-DT2 in Eau Claire
Lafayette, LouisianaKLWB 50Lafayette's WBBecame part of The CW Plus; lost the affiliation to KATC-DT2 in 2010 and joined This TV, MeTV in 2011, and Antenna TV in 2012.
Monterey-Salinas, California"KMWB" 1Monterey's WBThe CW is now affiliated with KION-DT2
Yakima-Pasco-Richland-Kennewick, Washington"KWYP"2WB YakimaThe CW was shown on KCWK until 2008; it is now carried on digital subchannels of KIMA-TV and KEPR
Columbus, Georgia"WBG"WB GeorgiaThe CW was affiliated with former UPN affiliate WLGA, now is affiliated on WLTZ-DT2
Bakersfield, California"KWFB" backronym for BakersField's WBBecame part of The CW Plus; this station is simulcast on KGET-DT2
Corpus Christi, Texas"KWDB" The CW is now affiliated with KRIS-DT2
Chico-Redding, California"KIWB" 3The CW is now affiliated with KHSL-DT2
Amarillo, Texas"KDBA" WB Amarillo The CW is now affiliated with KVII-DT2
Columbus-Tupelo-West Point, Mississippi"WBWP"4WB West PointThe CW is now affiliated with WCBI-DT3
Rockford, Illinois"WBR" 14WB RockfordBecame part of The CW Plus and now operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned WREX-TV
Wausau-Rhinelander, Wisconsin"WBWA" WB WAusauThe CW is now affiliated with WAOW-DT2 in Wausau and WYOW-DT2 in Eagle River
Monroe, Louisiana-El Dorado, Arkansas"KWMB" backronym for WB MonroeThe CW is now affiliated with KNOE-DT2
Topeka, Kansas"WBKS" WB KanSasThe CW is now affiliated with KTKA-DT3
Duluth, Minnesota-Superior, Wisconsin"KWBD"WB DuluthThe CW is now affiliated with KDLH-DT2
Columbia-Jefferson City, Missouri"KJWB" Jefferson City WBThe CW is now affiliated with KOMU-DT3; KJWB is off-air
Wilmington, North Carolina"WBW" WB WilmingtonThe CW is now affiliated with WWAY-DT2
Beaumont-Port Arthur, Texas"KWJB"WB BeaumontThe CW is now affiliated with KFDM-DT2
Medford-Klamath Falls, Oregon"KMFD"MedForDThe CW is now affiliated with KTVL-DT2
Erie, Pennsylvania"WBEP" WB Erie PennsylvaniaThe CW is now affiliated with WSEE-DT2
Sioux City, Iowa"KXWB"SiouX City WBThe CW is now affiliated with KTIV-DT2
Wichita Falls, Texas"KWB"Warner Bros.The CW is now affiliated with KAUZ-DT2
Joplin, Missouri"KSXF"Became part of The CW Plus
Lubbock, TexasKWBZ 43Became part of The CW Plus, and now uses the callsign KLCW-TV
Albany, Georgia"WBSK"The CW is now affiliated with WSWG-DT3
Salisbury, Maryland"WBD" WB DelmarvaBecame part of The CW Plus and now operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned WMDT
Bluefield-Beckley-Oak Hill, West Virginia"WBB" WB BluefieldThe CW is now affiliated with WVVA-DT2
Terre Haute, Indiana"WBI" WB IndianaBecame part of The CW Plus
Bangor, Maine"WBAN" WB BANgorBecame part of The CW Plus and is shown on WABI-DT2
Rochester, Minnesota"KWBR"WB RochesterThe CW is now affiliated with KTTC-DT2
Palm Springs, California"KCWB"5California's WBThe CW is now affiliated with KCWQ-LD and a digital subchannel of KESQ-TV
Wheeling, West Virginia-Steubenville, Ohio"WBWO" WB West Virginia-OhioBecame part of The CW Plus
Anchorage, Alaska"KWBX"The CW is now affiliated with KYUR-DT2
Binghamton, New York"WBXI"6Became part of CW and now operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned WBNG-TV
Panama City, Florida"WBPC"WB Panama CityThe CW is now affiliated with WJHG-DT2
Biloxi-Gulfport, Mississippi"WBGP"WB Biloxi-GulfPortBecame part of The CW Plus; The CW is now affiliated with WXXV-DT3
Odessa-Midland, TexasKWWT 30Became part of The CW Plus
Bismarck-Minot, North Dakota"KWMK"WB BisMarcKBecame part of The CW Plus
Sherman, Texas-Ada, Oklahoma"KSHD"SHerman-DenisonThe CW is now affiliated with KTEN-DT2
Gainesville, Florida"WBFL" WB FLoridaThe CW is now affiliated with WCJB-DT2
Idaho Falls-Pocatello, IdahoKPIF 15Pocatello-Idaho FallsBecame part of The CW Plus, now defunct; The CW is now affiliated with KIFI-DT3
Abilene-Sweetwater, Texas"KWAW"The CW is now affiliated with KTXS-DT2
Clarksburg-Weston, West Virginia"WVWB"West Virginia's WBThe CW is now affiliated with WVFX-DT2
Utica, New YorkWKTV"WBU"WB UticaBecame part of The CW Plus and later operated as a subchannel of WKTV; The CW is now affiliated with WKTV-DT3
Hattiesburg-Laurel, MississippiWBHWB Hattiesburg
Missoula, Montana"KIDW"The CW is now affiliated with KPAX-DT2
Quincy, Illinois-Hannibal, Missouri-Keokuk, Iowa"WEWB" Became part of The CW Plus and now operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned WGEM-TV
Yuma, Arizona-El Centro, California"KWUB"Became part of The CW Plus and later operated as a subchannel of KSWT; The CW is now affiliated with KECY-DT3
Billings, Montana"KWBM"7WB MontanaThe CW is now affiliated with KTVQ-DT2
Dothan, Alabama"WBDO"WB DOthanThe CW is now affiliated with former UPN affiliate WTVY-DT2
Elmira, New York"WBE"WB ElmiraThe CW is now affiliated with co-owned WENY-DT2
Jackson, Tennessee"WBJK"WB JacKsonBecame part of The CW Plus
Lake Charles, Louisiana"WBLC"WB Lake CharlesLater affiliated with KVHP-DT2. The CW is now affiliated with KPLC-DT2
Alexandria, LouisianaKBCA 41 Became part of The CW Plus
Rapid City, South DakotaKWBH-LP 27WB Black HillsBecame part of The CW Plus
Watertown, New York"WBWT"WB WaterTownBecame part of The CW Plus and now operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned WWTI
Jonesboro, Arkansas"KJOS"JOneSboroBecame part of The CW Plus under the branding "CW 21 Jonesboro"
Marquette, Michigan"WBMK"WB Marquette
The CW is now affiliated with WBKP-DT2
Harrisonburg, Virginia"WBHA"WB HArrisonburgThe CW is now affiliated with WVIR-DT3
Greenwood-Greenville, Mississippi"WBWD"WB GreenWooDBecame part of The CW Plus
Bowling Green, Kentucky"WBWG"BoWling GreenThe CW is now affiliated with WBKO-DT3
Meridian, Mississippi"WBMM"8WB Meridian, MississippiThe CW is now affiliated with WTOK-DT3
Lima, Ohio"WBOH" WB OHioDefunct; later operated as a digital subchannel of WLIO, The CW is now carried in the market on cable through out-of-market affiliate WBDT/Dayton
Charlottesville, Virginia"WBC"WB CharlottesvilleThe CW is now affiliated with WVIR-DT3
Grand Junction-Montrose, Colorado"KWGJ"WB Grand JunctionThe CW is now affiliated with KKCO-DT2
Laredo, Texas"KTXW" Became part of The CW Plus, and operates as a digital subchannel of co-owned KGNS-TV
Great Falls, Montana"KWGF"W Great FallsThe CW is now affiliated with KRTV-DT2
Parkersburg, West Virginia"WBPB"WB ParkersBurgBecame part of The CW Plus, but shut down in 2008
Twin Falls, Idaho"KWTE"The CW is now affiliated with KMVT-DT2
Butte-Bozeman, Montana"KWXB"The CW is now affiliated with KXLF-DT2
Eureka, California"KWBT"9The CW is now affiliated with KJRW-DT2
Cheyenne, Wyoming"KCHW"CHeyenne, WyomingBecame part of The CW Plus and now operates as a digital subchannel of KGWN
Bend, Oregon"KWBO"WB OregonThe CW is now affiliated with KTVZ-DT2
San Angelo, Texas"KWSA" WB San AngeloBecame part of The CW Plus
Casper-Riverton, Wyoming"KWWY"WB WYomingThe CW is now affiliated with former UPN affiliate K26ES
Ottumwa, Iowa"KWOT"WB OTtumwaBecame part of The CW Plus
Mankato, Minnesota"KWYE"Became part of The CW Plus
St. Joseph, Missouri"WBJO"WB St. JOsephBecame part of The CW Plus and later operated as a digital subchannel of KNPN-LD; The CW is now affiliated with KNPG-LD2
Zanesville, Ohio"WBZV"WB ZanesVillBecame part of The CW Plus, until it shut down in 2008 under the operation of WHIZ-TV; WBZV has since been reinstated on Zanesville cable systems and is now part of The CW Plus, operated directly by Time Warner Cable e
Fairbanks, Alaska"KWBX"The CW is now affiliated with KATN-DT2
Presque Isle, Maine"WBPQ" WB PresQue IsleBecame part of The CW Plus
Victoria, Texas"KWVB"backronym for WB VictoriaBecame part of The CW Plus and is now simulcast on K39HB
Helena, MontanaKMTF 10Became part of The CW Plus
Juneau, Alaska"KWJA"WB Juneau, AlaskaThe CW is now affiliated with KJUD-DT2
Alpena, Michigan"WBAE"WB AlpEnaBecame part of The CW Plus
North Platte, Nebraska"KWPL"WB North PLatteBecame part of The CW Plus
Glendive, Montana"KWZB"Became part of The CW Plus, and now branded as "CW Glendive"