Twig (template engine)
Twig is a template engine for the PHP programming language. Its syntax originates from Jinja and Django templates. It's an open source product licensed under a BSD License and maintained by Fabien Potencier. The initial version was created by Armin Ronacher. Symfony PHP framework comes with a bundled support for Twig as its default template engine since version 2.
Features
- complex control flow
- automatic escaping
- template inheritance
- variable filters
- i18n support
- macros
- fully extendable
- Eclipse via the Twig plugin
- Komodo and Komodo Edit via the Twig highlight/syntax check mode
- NetBeans via the Twig syntax plugin
- PhpStorm
- Atom via the PHP-twig for atom
- emacs via web-mode.el
- Notepad++ via the Notepad++ Twig Highlighter
- Sublime Text via the Twig bundle
- TextMate via the Twig bundle
- vim via the Jinja syntax plugin or the vim-twig plugin
- Brackets via Brackets Twig
- Visual Studio Code via the Twig extension
- GTKSourceView via the Twig language definition
- Coda via the Twig syntax mode
- Coda 2 via the other Twig syntax mode
- SubEthaEdit via the Twig syntax mode
Syntax
-
-
, to add comments in the templates. These comments aren't included in the rendered page. -
, to execute statements, such as for-loops. - *
, to assign. - *
... : condition. - *
... : counter in a loop.
To create an iterative array:
An associative array:
Operators precedence
The operators precedence is, from the less to more priority:| Operator | Role |
| b-and | Boolean and |
| b-xor | Exclusive or |
| b-or | Boolean or |
| or | Or |
| and | And |
| Is equal? | |
| != | Is different? |
| < | Inferior |
| > | Superior |
| >= | Superior or equal |
| <= | Inferior or equal |
| in | Into |
| matches | Corresponds |
| starts with | Begins by |
| ends with | Finishes by |
| .. | Sequence |
| + | Plus |
| - | Less |
| ~ | Concatenation |
| * | Multiplication |
| / | Division |
| // | Division rounded to lower |
| % | Modulo |
| is | Test |
| ** | Power |
| Filter | |
| Array entry | |
| . | Attribute or method from an object |
Filters
The filters provide some treatments on an expression, when place after it, separated by pipes. For example:-
capitalize: changes a string first letter in capital. -
upper: changes a whole string in capital. -
first: displays the first line of an array. -
length: returns a variable size.Special variables
-
loopcontains the current loop information. For exampleloop.indexcorresponds to the number of iterations which have already occurred. - The global variables begin by underscores. For example:
- * _route
- * _self
- :So, to the a page route:
- The CGI environment variables, such as
Example