The modern University of Turku was founded in 1920. The Finnish intelligentsia wanted a purely Finnish university, the first of its kind in Finland. 22,040 people contributed to the fund-raising campaign. Newly gained independence and the campaign are reflected in the motto of the University about a free people's gift to free science. To honour the memory of these donors, the University has named its specially created liqueur "22 040". Developed by the University's own food chemists, the liqueur does homage to some of the distinctive fruits of the Finnish landscape: the cloudberry, the rowan and the sea buckthorn. The first premises of the University of Turku were in the centre of the city, by the market square. In the 1950s a new campus was built on . In the 1960s the University started to expand rapidly, a process that still continues. The University was made a public institution in 1974. Since 1995 the University of Turku has been a member of the Coimbra Group. In January 2010, the Turku School of Economics merged with the University of Turku, forming a seventh faculty of the university.
Enrollment
The University has approximately 20,000 students, of which 5,000 are postgraduate students having completed their MSc or MA. The largest faculties are the Faculty of Humanities and the Faculty of Science and Technology.
Organisation
The university management consists of the Board, The Rector and the vice rectors and the University Collegiate Council. The Board is the highest decision-making organ of the University and is made up of 10 individuals both from academia, society and studentship. It develops the University's operating processes and approves plans concerning its financing and activities; it decide on the guidelines of granting appropriations; it give its opinion in any matters of significance that concern the University in principle and the Board approves the service regulations and other similar rules. The Rector directs the activities and processes of the University and solves any issues concerning its general management. The Rector represents the University and uses the University's right to speak in courts of law and in dealings with the authorities. Professor Kalervo Väänänen is currently the elected Rector. The University Collegiate Council consists of 30 members: ten professors, ten other teaching and research personnel and other staff and ten students. The university is divided into seven faculties. All departments and some of their research units are listed under the faculty header.
Faculty of Humanities
*School of History, Cultural Research and Art Studies
In addition to being a destination for international exchange, the University also has several and one Finnish-language master's degree programme for international degree students: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Campus area
The University of Turku shares a campus with Åbo Akademi University and elements of Turku Science Park. The area also encompasses Turku University Hospital and the Student Village. The Main Building and the surrounding complex was built in the fifties on what became to be known as the University Hill. The campus is constantly expanding, the latest example is the Medisiina D building which houses the facilities of the Faculty of Medicine. The University also owns the Botanic Garden at Ruissalo as well as the research station at the Island of Seili.
Research
As defined in the strategy, the University's multidisciplinary strengths in research are biofuture; digital futures; cultural memory and social change; children, young people and learning; drug development and diagnostics; and sea and maritime studies. The University of Turku has been involved in many research projects in the Peruvian Amazon. With the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute, based in Iquitos, has been studying the Amazon in the BIODAMAZ Project.
The Chancellor, appointed by the President of Finland upon proposal of the Finnish Government, was to promote science and scholarship, look after the general interests of the University and supervise its activities. The Chancellor confirmed the standing orders and other corresponding general regulations of the University. The most visible task of the Chancellor was the appointment of the Professors and the Docents of the University. Professor Pekka Puska was the last person to hold this position until it was abolished based on the decision of the University Board. The duties were reassigned to the Rector.