1808 and 1809 United States House of Representatives elections
Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 11th Congress were held at various dates in different states between April 1808 and May 1809 as James Madison was elected President.
Despite Madison's victory, voters in districts whose economies were driven by shipping or manufacturing rather than agriculture shifted to the Federalist Party mainly due to the unpopularity of the Embargo Act of 1807 and fears that Democratic-Republican Party policies could trigger a naval war with France or Britain. The politically dominant Democratic-Republicans won their smallest majority since the pivotal, realigning election of 1800.
Election summaries
Special elections
There were special elections in 1808 and 1809 during the 10th United States Congress and 11th United States Congress.Elections are sorted here by date then district.
10th Congress
11th Congress
Connecticut
Delaware
Georgia
Kentucky
Maryland
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Between the 1806 and 1808 elections, New York went through a redistricting that reduced the number of districts to 15 by creating two plural districts with two seats each. This brought the state's 17-seat delegation from a 15-2 ratio favoring Democratic-Republicans to a nearly-even 9-8 split in their favor.North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Vermont
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| James Witherell | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent resigned May 1, 1808. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor was also elected the same day to finish the current term, [|see above]. | ||
| James Elliot | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Federalist hold. | ||
| James Fisk | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Lost re-election. New member elected. Federalist gain. | ||
| Martin Chittenden | Federalist | 1802 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Virginia
Non-voting delegates
Three territories sent non-voting delegates to the 11th Congress.In Indiana Territory, Thomas Randolph unsuccessfully contested the election of Jennings. This was the first election for Delegate in Indiana Territory to be decided by popular vote rather than by the legislature. Mississippi Territory also elected its delegate by popular vote. Orleans Territory retained legislative election of its delegate.