June 30

Events

• 296 - Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
• 763 - The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
• 1422 - Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
• 1521 - Spanish forces defeat a combined French and Navarrese army at the Battle of Noáin during the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.
• 1559 - King Henry II of France is mortally wounded in a jousting match against Gabriel, comte de Montgomery.
• 1651 - The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising: The Battle of Berestechko ends with a Polish victory.
• 1688 - The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
• 1758 - Seven Years' War: Habsburg Austrian forces destroy a Prussian reinforcement and supply convoy in the Battle of Domstadtl, helping to expel Prussian King Frederick the Great from Moravia.
• 1794 - Northwest Indian War: Native American forces under Blue Jacket attack Fort Recovery.
• 1805 - Under An act to divide the Indiana Territory into two separate governments, adopted by the U.S. Congress on January 11, 1805, the Michigan Territory is organized.
• 1859 - French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
• 1860 - The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
• 1864 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for "public use, resort and recreation".
• 1882 - Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.
• 1886 - The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal, Quebec. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
• 1892 - The Homestead Strike begins near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• 1905 - Albert Einstein sends the article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, in which he introduces special relativity, for publication in Annalen der Physik.
• 1906 - The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
• 1908 - The Tunguska Event, the largest impact event on Earth in human recorded history, resulting in a massive explosion over Eastern Siberia.
• 1912 - The Regina Cyclone, Canada's deadliest tornado event, kills 28 people in Regina, Saskatchewan.
• 1916 - World War I: In "the day Sussex died", elements of the Royal Sussex Regiment take heavy casualties in the Battle of the Boar's Head at Richebourg-l'Avoué in France.
• 1921 - U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft as Chief Justice of the United States.
• 1922 - In Washington D.C., U.S. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes and Dominican Ambassador Francisco J. Peynado sign the Hughes–Peynado agreement, which ends the United States occupation of the Dominican Republic.
• 1934 - The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
• 1936 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia appeals for aid to the League of Nations against Italy's invasion of his country.
• 1937 - The world's first emergency telephone number, 999, is introduced in London.
• 1944 - World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.
• 1953 - The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
• 1956 - A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona and crash, killing all 128 on board both airliners.
• 1959 - A United States Air Force F-100 Super Sabre from Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, crashes into a nearby elementary school, killing 11 students plus six residents from the local neighborhood.
• 1960 - Belgian Congo gains independence as Republic of the Congo.
• 1963 - Ciaculli bombing: a car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police officers and military personnel near Palermo.
• 1966 - The National Organization for Women, the United States' largest feminist organization, is founded.
• 1968 - Pope Paul VI issues the Credo of the People of God.
• 1971 - The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
• 1972 - The first leap second is added to the UTC time system.
• 1974 - The Baltimore municipal strike of 1974 begins.
• 1977 - The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization disbands.
• 1985 - Thirty-nine American hostages from the hijacked TWA Flight 847 are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.
• 1986 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
• 1990 - East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
• 1994 - During a test flight of an Airbus A330-300 at Toulouse–Blagnac Airport, the aircraft crashes killing all seven people on board.
• 1997 - The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty over Hong Kong to China.
• 2005 - MTV Canada is rebranded as Razer
• 2007 - A Jeep Cherokee filled with propane canisters drives into the entrance of Glasgow Airport, Scotland in a failed terrorist attack. This was linked to the 2007 London car bombs that had taken place the day before.
• 2009 - Yemenia Flight 626, an Airbus A310-300, crashes into the Indian Ocean near Comoros, killing 152 of the 153 people on board. A 14-year-old girl named Bahia Bakari survives the crash.
• 2013 - Nineteen firefighters die controlling a wildfire in Yarnell, Arizona.
• 2013 - Protests begin around Egypt against President Mohamed Morsi and the ruling Freedom and Justice Party, leading to their overthrow during the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
• 2015 - A Hercules C-130 military aircraft with 113 people on board crashes in a residential area in Medan, Indonesia, resulting in at least 116 deaths.
• 2019 - Donald Trump becomes the first sitting US President to visit the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.

  Births

• 1286 - John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English magnate
• 1468 - John, Elector of Saxony
• 1470 - Charles VIII of France
• 1478 - John, Prince of Asturias, Son of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
• 1503 - John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
• 1533 - Martín de Rada, Spanish missionary
• 1588 - Giovanni Maria Sabino, Italian organist, composer, and educator
• 1641 - Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general
• 1685 - John Gay, English poet and playwright
• 1688 - Abu l-Hasan Ali I, ruler of Tunisia
• 1722 - Jiří Antonín Benda, Czech composer, violinist and Kapellmeister
• 1755 - Paul Barras, French soldier and politician
• 1789 - Horace Vernet, French painter and academic
• 1791 - Félix Savart, French physicist and psychologist
• 1803 - Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet, playwright, and physician
• 1807 - Friedrich Theodor Vischer, German author, poet, and playwright
• 1817 - Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist and explorer
• 1843 - Ernest Mason Satow, English orientalist and diplomat
• 1864 - Frederick Bligh Bond, English architect and archaeologist
• 1884 - Georges Duhamel, French author and critic
• 1889 - Archibald Frazer-Nash, English motor car designer, engineer and founder of Frazer Nash
• 1890 - Paul Boffa, Maltese physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta
• 1891 - Man Mountain Dean, American wrestler and sergeant
• 1891 - Ed Lewis, American wrestler and manager
• 1891 - Stanley Spencer, English painter
• 1892 - Pierre Blanchar, Algerian-French actor and director
• 1893 - Walter Ulbricht, German soldier and politician
• 1895 - Heinz Warneke, German-American sculptor and educator
• 1899 - Madge Bellamy, American actress
• 1905 - John Van Ryn, American tennis player
• 1906 - Anthony Mann, American actor and director
• 1907 - Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian general and politician
• 1908 - Winston Graham, English author
• 1908 - Luigi Rovere, Italian film producer
• 1908 - Rob Nieuwenhuys, Dutch writer
• 1909 - Juan Bosch, 43rd President of the Dominican Republic
• 1911 - Czesław Miłosz, Polish novelist, essayist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1911 - Nagarjun, Indian poet
• 1912 - Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer
• 1912 - Dan Reeves, American businessman and philanthropist
• 1912 - María Luisa Dehesa Gómez Farías, Mexican architect
• 1913 - Alfonso López Michelsen, Colombian lawyer and politician, 24th President of Colombia
• 1913 - Harry Wismer, American sportscaster
• 1914 - Francisco da Costa Gomes, Portuguese general and politician, 15th President of Portugal
• 1914 - Allan Houser, American sculptor and painter
• 1917 - Susan Hayward, American actress
• 1917 - Lena Horne, American actress, singer, and activist
• 1917 - Willa Kim, American costume designer
• 1919 - Ed Yost, American inventor of the modern hot air balloon
• 1920 - Eleanor Ross Taylor, American poet and educator
• 1921 - Washington SyCip, American-Filipino accountant
• 1922 - Al Besselink, American professional golfer
• 1923 - Andy Jack, English footballer
• 1924 - Max Trepp, Swiss sprinter
• 1925 - Fred Schaus, American basketball player and coach
• 1925 - Ebrahim Amini, Iranian politician
• 1926 - Paul Berg, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1926 - David Berglas, American magician and mentalist
• 1927 - Shirley Fry Irvin, American tennis player
• 1927 - James Goldman, American screenwriter and playwright
• 1927 - Mario Lanfranchi, Italian director, screenwriter, producer, collector and actor
• 1927 - Frank McCabe, American basketball player
• 1928 - Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli, Islamic philosopher, theologian, mathematician and mystic
• 1928 - Nathaniel Tarn, American poet, essayist, anthropologist, and translator
• 1929 - Yang Ti-liang, Chinese judge
• 1930 - Ben Atchley, American politician
• 1930 - Ahmed Zaki Yamani, Saudi Arabian politician
• 1930 - Ignatius Peter VIII Abdalahad, Syrian bishop
• 1931 - Yo-Yo Davalillo, Venezuelan baseball player and manager
• 1931 - Andrew Hill, American pianist and composer
• 1931 - Ronald Rene Lagueux, American judge
• 1931 - Kaye Vaughan, American football player
• 1933 - Tomislav Ivić, Croatian football coach and manager
• 1933 - M. J. K. Smith, English cricketer and rugby player
• 1933 - Orval Tessier, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1933 - Joan Murrell Owens, American educator and marine biologist
• 1934 - Harry Blackstone Jr., American magician and author
• 1935 - John Harlin, American pilot and mountaineer
• 1936 - Assia Djebar, Algerian-French author and translator
• 1936 - Nancy Dussault, American actress and singer
• 1936 - Tony Musante, American actor and screenwriter
• 1936 - Dave Van Ronk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1937 - Larry Henley, American singer-songwriter
• 1938 - Billy Mills, American sprinter
• 1939 - Tony Hatch, English pianist, composer, and producer
• 1939 - Barry Hines, English author and screenwriter
• 1939 - José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican poet and author
• 1940 - Mark Spoelstra, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1941 - Peter Pollock, South African cricketer and author
• 1942 - Robert Ballard, American lieutenant and oceanographer
• 1942 - Ron Harris, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1943 - Florence Ballard, American pop/soul singer
• 1943 - Saeed Akhtar Mirza, Indian director and screenwriter
• 1944 - Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist and author
• 1944 - Glenn Shorrock, English-Australian singer-songwriter
• 1944 - Ron Swoboda, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1949 - Uwe Kliemann, German footballer, coach, and manager
• 1949 - Andy Scott, Welsh singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1951 - Stanley Clarke, American bass player and composer
• 1952 - Athanassios S. Fokas, Greek mathematician and academic
• 1952 - David Garrison, American actor and singer
• 1953 - Hal Lindes, American-English guitarist and film score composer
• 1954 - Stephen Barlow, English organist, composer, and conductor
• 1954 - Pierre Charles, Dominican educator and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Dominica
• 1954 - Serzh Sargsyan, Armenian politician, 3rd President of Armenia
• 1954 - Wayne Swan, Australian academic and politician, 14th Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
• 1955 - Brian Vollmer, Canadian singer
• 1955 - Egils Levits, Latvian judge, jurist, 10th President of Latvia
• 1956 - Volker Beck, German hurdler and coach
• 1956 - David Lidington, English historian, academic, and politician, Minister of State for Europe
• 1956 - David Alan Grier, American actor, singer, and comedian
• 1957 - Bud Black, American baseball player and manager
• 1957 - Sterling Marlin, American race car driver
• 1958 - Pam Royle, British television presenter, journalist and voice coach
• 1958 - Esa-Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer
• 1959 - Vincent D'Onofrio, American actor
• 1959 - Daniel Goldhagen, American political scientist, author, and academic
• 1959 - Brendan Perry, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1959 - Sakis Tsiolis, Greek footballer and manager
• 1959 - Sandip Verma, Baroness Verma, Indian-English businesswoman and politician
• 1960 - Jack McConnell, Scottish educator and politician, 3rd First Minister of Scotland
• 1960 - Murray Cook, Australian musician, actor, songwriter and producer
• 1961 - Lynne Jolitz, American computer scientist and programmer
• 1961 - Clive Nolan, English musician, composer and producer
• 1962 - Tony Fernández, Dominican baseball player
• 1962 - Julianne Regan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1963 - Olha Bryzhina, Ukrainian sprinter
• 1963 - Rupert Graves, English actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1963 - Yngwie Malmsteen, Swedish guitarist and songwriter
• 1964 - Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg
• 1964 - Mark Waters, American director and producer
• 1965 - Steve Duchesne, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
• 1965 - Cho Jae-hyun, South Korean actor
• 1965 - Anna Levandi, Russian figure skater and coach
• 1965 - Gary Pallister, English footballer and sportscaster
• 1965 - Mitch Richmond, American basketball player
• 1966 - Mike Tyson, American boxer and actor
• 1967 - Patrik Bodén, Swedish javelin thrower
• 1967 - David Busst, English footballer and manager
• 1967 - Victoria Kaspi, American-Canadian astrophysicist and academic
• 1968 - Phil Anselmo, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1969 - Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer and politician
• 1969 - Uta Rohländer, German sprinter
• 1969 - Sébastien Rose, Canadian director and screenwriter
• 1970 - Brian Bloom, American actor and screenwriter
• 1970 - Antonio Chimenti, Italian footballer and manager
• 1970 - Mark Grudzielanek, American baseball player and manager
• 1971 - Monica Potter, American actress
• 1972 - Sandra Cam, Belgian swimmer
• 1973 - Chan Ho Park, South Korean baseball player
• 1973 - Frank Rost, German footballer and manager
• 1974 - Hezekiél Sepeng, South African runner
• 1975 - James Bannatyne, New Zealand footballer
• 1975 - Ralf Schumacher, German race car driver
• 1978 - Ben Cousins, Australian footballer
• 1978 - Patrick Ivuti, Kenyan runner
• 1978 - Claudio Rivalta, Italian footballer
• 1979 - Sylvain Chavanel, French cyclist
• 1980 - Rade Prica, Swedish footballer
• 1980 - Seyi Olofinjana, Nigerian footballer
• 1980 - Ryan ten Doeschate, Dutch cricketer
• 1981 - Can Artam, Turkish race car driver
• 1981 - Matt Kirk, Canadian football player
• 1981 - Barbora Špotáková, Czech javelin thrower
• 1981 - Ben Utecht, American football player
• 1982 - Lizzy Caplan, American actress
• 1982 - Ignacio Carrasco, Mexican footballer
• 1983 - Marcus Burghardt, German cyclist
• 1983 - Katherine Ryan, UK-based Canadian comedian and presenter
• 1983 - Cheryl, English singer and TV personality
• 1984 - Fantasia Barrino, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1984 - Tunku Ismail Idris, Crown Prince of Johor, Malaysia
• 1985 - Trevor Ariza, American basketball player
• 1985 - Michael Phelps, American swimmer
• 1985 - Fabiana Vallejos, Argentinian footballer
• 1986 - Alicia Fox, American wrestler, model, and actress
• 1986 - Fredy Guarín, Colombian footballer
• 1986 - Nicola Pozzi, Italian footballer
• 1986 - Allegra Versace, Italian-American businesswoman
• 1987 - Ryan Cook, American baseball player
• 1987 - Andrew Hedgman, New Zealand runner
• 1988 - Elisa Jordana, American singer-songwriter, radio and TV personality
• 1989 - Asbel Kiprop, Kenyan runner
• 1989 - Steffen Liebig, German rugby player
• 1989 - David Myers, Australian footballer
• 1990 - N, South Korean singer
• 1998 - Tom Davies, English footballer

  Deaths

• 350 - Nepotianus, Roman ruler
• 710 - Erentrude, Frankish abbess
• 888 - Æthelred, archbishop of Canterbury
• 945 - Ki no Tsurayuki, Japanese writer and poet
• 1181 - Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester, Welsh politician
• 1224 - Adolf of Osnabrück, German monk and bishop
• 1278 - Pierre de la Broce, French courtier
• 1337 - Eleanor de Clare, English noblewoman
• 1364 - Arnošt of Pardubice, Czech archbishop
• 1538 - Charles II, Duke of Guelders
• 1522 - Johann Reuchlin, German humanist and Hebrew scholar
• 1607 - Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian
• 1649 - Simon Vouet, French painter
• 1660 - William Oughtred, English minister and mathematician
• 1666 - Alexander Brome, English poet and playwright
• 1670 - Henrietta of England
• 1704 - John Quelch, English pirate
• 1708 - Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia
• 1709 - Edward Lhuyd, Welsh botanist, linguist, and geographer
• 1785 - James Oglethorpe, English general and politician, 1st Colonial Governor of Georgia
• 1796 - Abraham Yates Jr., American lawyer and politician
• 1857 - Alcide d'Orbigny, French zoologist and paleontologist
• 1882 - Charles J. Guiteau, American preacher and lawyer, assassin of James A. Garfield
• 1882 - Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian photographer and businessman
• 1890 - Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, American organist and composer
• 1908 - Thomas Hill, American painter
• 1913 - Alphonse Kirchhoffer, French fencer
• 1916 - Eunice Eloisae Gibbs Allyn, American correspondent, author, and poet
• 1917 - Antonio de La Gándara, French painter and illustrator
• 1917 - Dadabhai Naoroji, Parsi intellectual, educator, cotton trader, and an early Indian political and social leader
• 1919 - John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1932 - Bruno Kastner, German actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1934 - Karl Ernst, German soldier
• 1934 - Erich Klausener, German soldier and politician
• 1934 - Gustav Ritter von Kahr, German lawyer and politician, Minister-President of Bavaria
• 1934 - Gregor Strasser, German lieutenant and politician
• 1934 - Kurt von Schleicher, German general and politician, 23rd Chancellor of Germany
• 1941 - Yefim Fomin, Belarusian politician
• 1941 - Aleksander Tõnisson, Estonian general and politician, 5th Estonian Minister of War
• 1948 - Prince Sabahaddin, Turkish-Swiss sociologist and academic
• 1949 - Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild, French financier and polo player
• 1951 - Yrjö Saarela, Finnish wrestler and coach
• 1953 - Elsa Beskow, Swedish author and illustrator
• 1953 - Charles William Miller, Brazilian footballer and civil servant
• 1954 - Andrass Samuelsen, Faroese politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
• 1956 - Thorleif Lund, Norwegian actor
• 1959 - José Vasconcelos, Mexican philosopher and politician
• 1961 - Lee de Forest, American inventor, invented the audion tube
• 1966 - Giuseppe Farina, Italian race car driver
• 1966 - Margery Allingham, English author of detective fiction
• 1968 - Ernst Marcus, German zoologist
• 1971 - Georgi Asparuhov, Bulgarian footballer
• 1971 - Herbert Biberman, American director and screenwriter
• 1971 - Georgy Dobrovolsky Ukrainian pilot and astronaut
• 1971 - Nikola Kotkov, Bulgarian footballer
• 1971 - Viktor Patsayev, Kazakh engineer and astronaut
• 1971 - Vladislav Volkov, Russian engineer and astronaut
• 1973 - Nancy Mitford, English journalist and author
• 1973 - Vasyl Velychkovsky, Ukrainian-Canadian bishop and martyr
• 1974 - Alberta Williams King, Civil rights activist
• 1976 - Firpo Marberry, American baseball player and umpire
• 1984 - Lillian Hellman, American author and playwright
• 1985 - Haruo Remeliik, Palauan politician, 1st President of Palau
• 1995 - Georgy Beregovoy, Ukrainian general and astronaut
• 1995 - Gale Gordon, American actor and voice artist
• 1996 - Lakis Petropoulos, Greek footballer and manager
• 2001 - Chet Atkins, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 2001 - Joe Henderson, American saxophonist and composer
• 2002 - Chico Xavier, Brazilian medium and author
• 2003 - Buddy Hackett, American actor and comedian
• 2003 - Robert McCloskey, American author and illustrator
• 2004 - Eddie Burns, Australian rugby league player
• 2007 - Sahib Singh Verma, Indian librarian and politician, 4th Chief Minister of Delhi
• 2009 - Pina Bausch, German dancer, choreographer, and director
• 2009 - Harve Presnell, American actor and singer
• 2012 - Michael Abney-Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun, English-Australian politician
• 2012 - Yitzhak Shamir, Israeli politician, 7th Prime Minister of Israel
• 2012 - Michael J. Ybarra, American journalist and author
• 2013 - Alan Campbell, Baron Campbell of Alloway, English lawyer and judge
• 2013 - Akpor Pius Ewherido, Nigerian politician
• 2013 - Kathryn Morrison, American educator and politician
• 2013 - Thompson Oliha, Nigerian footballer
• 2013 - Keith Seaman, Australian politician, 29th Governor of South Australia
• 2014 - Frank Cashen, American businessman
• 2014 - Paul Mazursky, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 2014 - Željko Šturanović, Montenegrin lawyer and politician, 31st Prime Minister of Montenegro
• 2015 - Charles W. Bagnal, American general
• 2015 - Robert Dewar, English-American computer scientist and academic
• 2015 - Arthur Porter, Canadian physician and academic
• 2015 - Leonard Starr, American author and illustrator
• 2017 - Barry Norman, English television presenter
• 2017 - Simone Veil, French lawyer and politician

  Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
• * Martial
• * Theobald of Provins
• * First Martyrs of the Church of Rome
• * June 30
• Armed Forces Day
• Asteroid Day
• General Prayer Day
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Democratic Republic of the Congo from Belgium in 1960.
• Navy Day
• Philippine–Spanish Friendship Day
• Revolution Day
• Teachers' Day