Kellenbach
Kellenbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land, whose seat is in the town of Kirn.
Geography
Location
Kellenbach lies in the southern Hunsrück at the edges of the Soonwald and Lützelsoon hills. The eponymous brook, the Kellenbach, flows through the village and empties some 8 km downstream near Simmertal into the Nahe. The greatest elevation within municipal limits, at 580 m above sea level, is the Blickenstein.Neighbouring municipalities
Clockwise from the north, Kellenbach's neighbours are the municipalities of Königsau, Henau, Schwarzerden, Weitersborn, Simmertal, Brauweiler, Heinzenberg, Hennweiler and Schlierschied. Henau and Schlierschied both lie in the neighbouring Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, whereas all the others likewise lie within the Bad Kreuznach district.Constituent communities
Also belonging to Kellenbach are the outlying homesteads of Forsthaus Lützelsoon, Gerhardsmühle and Rippas-Mühle.History
Antiquity
Sporadic prehistoric and early historic archaeological finds make it clear that there were already people living in the Kellenbach area very early on.Middle Ages
About 1200, Kellenbach had its first documentary mention. Theoderich vom Stein built a castle house at the village and is said to have been the father of the line of the Lords of Kellenbach, a sideline of the Lords of Stein. Until the early 18th century, the village was the seat of a court and administrative region, belonging to which were also the neighbouring villages of Henau, Königsau, Schwarzerden and, for a time, Weitersborn. In the 1560 Kellenbacher Weistum, the Lords of Steinkallenfels and their coheirs were named as lords of the court at the Kellenbach High Court. Meanwhile, however, the landlordship and jurisdiction was divided into four lordly shares by division of inheritance, sale and enfeoffments, so that the Kellenbach High Court was a Ganerbschaft, with joint high jurisdiction. A one-fourth share of the court was held by the Amt of Koppenstein. This share had been acquired by Count Simon III of Sponheim in 1403 from Johann von Treis. The other three fourths belonged to the Knights of Stein-Kallenfels, the Knights of Schmidtburg and the Lords of Kellenbach.Modern times
Beginning in 1707, the landlord was the Margrave of Baden as heir to the Sponheim holdings. About 1750, the knightly estate, with and area of 651 Morgen, was sold to the former Amtmann at the neighbouring castle, Wartenstein, in the Hahnenbach valley, Franz Philipp Renauld. In the 18th century the village belonged to the Badish Oberamt of Kirchberg. After French Revolutionary troops had overrun and occupied the German lands on the Rhine’s left bank, Kellenbach, along with all the lands that the French had occupied, was absorbed into the French state. In 1794, the region was administratively reorganized according to the French Revolutionary model, putting Kellenbach in the Mairie of Kirn and the Arrondissement of Simmern. About 1800, there were 40 houses in Kellenbach, 4 of which had been expanded by having upper floors built onto them. The last Lord of Kellenbach died in 1798.Recent times
Under Prussian rule beginning in 1816, Kellenbach was assigned to the Bürgermeisterei of Gemünden and thereby to the Simmern district. On 7 June 1969, in the course of the implementation of the State Law of 12 November 1968, it was, together with Königsau, Bruschied, Schneppenbach and Schwarzerden, assigned to the Bad Kreuznach district and the Verbandsgemeinde of Kirn-Land.Fire at the caravan factory
On 9 January 1971, a great fire destroyed part of a caravan factory, a branch plant of Wilk-Caravaning GmbH, on Kellenbach's northern outskirts. The blaze was started by flying sparks in the fitter's shop, which set some nitrocellulose lacquers alight. An employee who lived on the factory lands noticed the fire in good time and notified the fire brigade. Because it was Saturday, the Kellenbach Volunteer Fire Brigade began very quickly with the job of quenching the fire, even before the Kirn, Gemünden and Pferdsfeld fire brigades could reach the fire. The blaze was thus prevented from reaching other parts of the building, which might have led to the factory's utter destruction. After the fire, the damage was reckoned to be more than 100,000 DM.Icejam on the Kellenbach
On 22 January 1985, an icejam led to flooding of Kellenbach's main street, resulting in great damage to the buildings there. After a three-week cold spell, the river in the village core and all the way upstream towards Simmertal was thickly frozen over, but then a thaw drove huge ice floes downstream. These then got jammed just upstream from a pool in the river, piling up underneath the bridge across the brook, which was then only a few years old. According to eyewitness reports, the growing heap of ice came to within only a few centimetres of the bridge's abutment. Disagreements between various authorities as to who was responsible for dealing with the situation prevented explosives from being used to break the icejam, as residents had demanded, and as had at times also been done before. After livestock had been evacuated and sandbags had been laid on, the icejam finally broke up by itself shortly before midnight, once again allowing the water to flow freely.Municipality’s name
The name Kellenbach is believed to derive from the Old High German word kela – the Modern High German form is Kehle, meaning “channel”, “gorge” or “groove”, among other things – and it is further believed that the meaning has been transferred to mean “narrow dale”. The German word Bach means “brook”.Population development
Kellenbach's population development since Napoleonic times is shown in the table below:ReligionAs at 30 September 2013, there are 247 full-time residents in Kellenbach, and of those, 168 are Evangelical, 51 are Catholic, 2 belong to other religious groups and 26 either have no religion or will not reveal their religious affiliation.PoliticsMunicipal councilThe council is made up of 6 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.MayorsListed here are Kellenbach's mayors since 1850:MayorKellenbach's mayor is Hans-Peter Haider, and his deputies are Karl-Jürgen Ganns and Matthias Kneppel.Coat of armsThe German blazon reads: In geteiltem Schild oben in Rot ein schreitender, herschauender, silberner Leopard, unten in Silber über gewelltem Schildfuß drei grüne Spitzen.The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per fess gules a leopard passant guardant argent and argent issuant from a base wavy of the field three piles reversed, the middle one slightly taller and surmounting the outer two vert. The charge in the upper field, the leopard, is drawn from the arms once borne by the Lords of Kellenbach. The three piles reversed are drawn from the old Court Seal of Kellenbach. The wavy base symbolizes the Kellenbach, after which the village is named. Municipal council gave the graphic artist Brust from Kirn-Sulzbach the task of designing a municipal coat of arms. At a council meeting on 27 August 1970, council adopted the design that had been put forth. After consent by the state archive, the Ministry of the Interior in Mainz granted approval for Kellenbach to bear its own arms on 20 January 1971. The municipal banner also bears this coat of arms in the centre. Culture and sightseeingBuildingsThe following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments:
GraveyardNext to the Evangelical church lies the graveyard for the municipalities of Kellenbach and Königsau. Formerly, the dead from Henau and Schwarzerden were also buried here, but since 1890 and 1892 respectively, these two municipalities have had their own graveyards. Buried here in 1821 was the last dweller of Castle Koppenstein, Maria Margaretha Rosenstein, known as the Koppensteiner Gretchen, but the grave's exact location is unknown today.Regular eventsEach year at Whitsun, all the local clubs together stage the village festival at the village square “Unter den Linden” in the middle of the village. In early July, the sport festival staged by the TuS Königsau-Kellenbach is held at the sporting ground. Following in mid-August is the Kellebacher Kerb, the kermis, and in September, the volunteer fire brigade holds the fire brigade festival, both of which are held in or at the municipal hall. Moreover, a decades-long tradition is enjoyed by the Rosenmontagszug in which the fools from Kellenbach and neighbouring Königsau go door to door in both villages reciting a speech asking for gifts. Until the 1990s, there was also a Carnival session each year on the Saturday of Carnival.ClubsThe following clubs are active in Kellenbach:
TransportKellenbach lies on Bundesstraße 421, on which Frankfurt-Hahn Airport and the towns of Kirchberg and Simmern can be reached to the north and Bundesstraße 41 can be reached to the south.Public institutionsFrom 1963 until August 1974, there was a village school in Kellenbach. Since January 1977, the old schoolhouse has been used as a kindergarten, which on the occasion of its thirtieth anniversary in 2007 was dubbed Haus der kleinen Freunde. Children who attend this kindergarten come from not only the village itself, but also from neighbouring Königsau, Weitersborn and Schwarzerden as well.Established businessesFrom 1965 until 1982, the caravan manufacturer Wilk, whose head office was in Bad Kreuznach, had a branch plant on Kellenbach's northern outskirts, where for a time more than 100 workers were employed. After the plant's closure, several industries located there, the last one also being a manufacturer of recreational vehicles, but it has been insolvent since April 2009.AgricultureAlthough the village's appearance is that of a rural community, agriculture no longer plays any part in Kellenbach's economic life. In 1971, there were still 32 agricultural operations in the municipality, but by 2007, this had shrunk to three, none of which was run as anyone's main income earner. |