List of geneticists

A

• Dagfinn Aarskog, Norwegian pediatrician and geneticist, described Aarskog–Scott syndrome
• Jon Aase, US dysmorphologist, described Aase syndrome, expert on fetal alcohol syndrome
• John Abelson, US biochemist, studies of machinery and mechanism of RNA splicing
• Susan L. Ackerman, US neurogeneticist, genes controlling brain development and neuron survival
• Jerry Adams, US molecular biologist in Australia, hematopoietic genetics and cancer
• Bruce Alberts, US biochemist, phage worker, studied DNA replication and cell division
• William Allan, US country doctor, pioneered human genetics
• C. David Allis, US biologist with a fascination for chromatin
• Robin Allshire, UK-based Irish molecular biologist/geneticist and expert in formation of heterochromatin and centromeres
• Carl-Henry Alström, Swedish psychiatrist, described genetic disease: Alström syndrome
• Sidney Altman, Canadian-US biophysicist who won Nobel Prize for catalytic functions of RNA
• Cecil A. Alport, UK internist, identified Alport syndrome
• David Altshuler, US endocrinologist and geneticist, the genetics of type 2 diabetes
• Bruce Ames, US molecular geneticist, created Ames test to screen chemicals for mutagenicity
• D. Bernard Amos, UK-US immunologist who studied the genetics of individuality
• Edgar Anderson, eminent US botanical geneticist
• E. G. Anderson, US Drosophila and maize geneticist
• William French Anderson, US worker in gene therapy
• Corino Andrade, Portuguese neurologist and clinical geneticist
• Tim Anson, US molecular biologist, proposed protein folding a reversible two-state reaction
• Stylianos E. Antonarakis, US-Greek medical geneticist, genotypic and phenotypic variation
• Werner Arber, Swiss microbiologist, Nobel Prize for discovery of restriction endonucleases
• Enrico Arpaia, Canadian molecular geneticist, Tay–Sachs disease, Zap70, Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase
• Michael Ashburner, British Drosophila geneticist and polymath
• William Astbury, UK molecular biologist, X-ray crystallography of proteins and DNA
• Giuseppe Attardi, Italian-US molecular biologist, genetics of human mitochondrial function
• Charlotte Auerbach, German-born British pioneer in mutagenesis
• Oswald Avery, Canadian-born US co-discoverer that DNA is the genetic material
• Richard Axel US physician-scientist, Nobel Prize for genetic analysis of olfactory system

  B

• E. B. Babcock, US plant geneticist, pioneered genetic analysis of genus Crepis
• Édouard-Gérard Balbiani, French embryologist who found chromosome puffs now called Balbiani rings
• David Baltimore, US biologist, Nobel Prize for the discovery of reverse transcriptase
• Guido Barbujani, Italian population geneticist and evolutionary biologist
• Cornelia Bargmann, US molecular neurogeneticist studying the C. elegans brain
• David P. Bartel, US geneticist, discovered many microRNAs regulating gene expression
• William Bateson, British geneticist who coined the term "genetics"
• E. Baur, German geneticist, botanist, discovered inheritance of plasmids
• George Beadle, US Neurospora geneticist and Nobel Prize-winner
• Peter Emil Becker, German human geneticist, described Becker's muscular dystrophy
• Jon Beckwith, US microbiologist and geneticist, isolated first gene from a bacterial chromosome
• Peter Beighton, UK/South Africa medical geneticist
• Julia Bell, English geneticist who documented inheritance of many diseases
• John Belling, English cytogeneticist who developed staining technique for chromosomes
• Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-US immunologist who won Nobel Prize for human leukocyte antigen system
• Kurt Benirschke, German-US pathologist, comparative cytogenetics, twinning in armadillos
• Seymour Benzer , US molecular biologist and pioneer of neurogenetics
• Dorothea Bennett, US geneticist, Pioneer of developmental genetics
• Paul Berg, US biochemist and Nobel Prize-winner for basic research on nucleic acids
• J. D. Bernal, Irish physicist and pioneer X-ray crystallographer
• James Birchler, Drosophila and Maize geneticists and cytogenticist.
• J. Michael Bishop, US microbial immunogeneticist, Nobel Prize-winner for oncogenes
• Elizabeth Blackburn, Australo-US biologist, Lasker Award and Nobel Prize for telomeres and telomerase
• Günter Blobel, German-US biologist, Nobel Prize for protein targeting
• David Blow, British biophysicist who helped develop X-ray crystallography of proteins
• Baruch Blumberg , US physician and Nobel Prize-winner on hepatitis B
• Julia Bodmer, British geneticist, key figure in discovery and definition of the HLA system
• Walter Bodmer, German-UK human population geneticist, immunogeneticist, cancer research
• James Bonner, far-ranging US molecular biologist, into histones, chromatin, nucleic acids
• David Botstein, Swiss-born US molecular geneticist, brother of Leon Botstein
• Theodor Boveri, German biologist and cytogeneticist
• Peter Bowen, Canadian medical geneticist
• Herb Boyer, US, created transgenic bacteria inserting human insulin gene into E. coli
• Paul D. Boyer, US biochemist and Nobel Prize-winner
• Jean Brachet, Belgian biochemist, made key contributions to fathoming roles of RNA
• Roscoe Brady, US physician-scientist at NIH, studies of genetic neurological metabolic disorders
• Sydney Brenner, British molecular biologist and Nobel Prize-winner
• Calvin Bridges, US geneticist, non-disjunction proof that chromosomes contain genes
• R. A. Brink, Canadian-US plant geneticist and breeder, studied paramutation, transposons
• Roy Britten US molecular and evolutionary biologist, discovered and studied junk DNA
• John Brookfield, Drosophila population geneticist
• Michael Stuart Brown, US geneticist and Nobel Prize-winner on cholesterol metabolism
• Manuel Buchwald, Peruvian-born Canadian medical geneticist and molecular geneticist
• Linda Buck, US biologist, Nobel Prize for post-doc work cloning olfactory receptors
• James Bull, US molecular biologist and phage worker, evolution of sex determining mechanisms
• Luther Burbank, US botanist, horticulturist, pioneer in agricultural science
• Macfarlane Burnet, Australian biologist, Nobel Prize for immunological tolerance
• Cyril Burt, British educational psychologist, did debated mental and behavioral twin study

  C

• John Cairns, UK physician-scientist, showed bacterial DNA one molecule with replicating fork
• Allan Campbell, US microbiologist and geneticist, pioneering work on phage lambda
• Howard Cann, US pediatrician and geneticist, human population genetics at Stanford and CEPH in Paris
• Antonio Cao, Italian pediatrician and medical geneticist, expert on the thalassemias
• Mario Capecchi, Italian-born US molecular geneticist, co-invented the knockout mouse, Nobel Prize in Medicine, 2007
• Elof Axel Carlson, US geneticist and eminent historian of science
• Bruce C. Carlton, US microbial genetics, genetics of Bacilli, role of plasmids in insectical proteins
• Rivka Carmi, Israeli pediatrician, geneticist, President of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
• Hampton L. Carson, US population geneticist, studied cytogenetics and evolution of Drosophila
• Tom Caskey, US internist, human geneticist and entrepreneur; biochemical diseases
• Torbjörn Caspersson, Swedish cytogeneticist, revealed human chromosome banding
• William B. Castle, US hematologist, work on hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell anemia
• William E. Castle, US geneticist, inspired T.H. Morgan, father of William B. Castle
• David Catcheside, UK plant geneticist, expert on genetic recombination, active in Australia
• Bruce Cattanach, UK mouse geneticist, X-inactivation and sex determination in mice
• Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Italian population geneticist at Stanford University
• Thomas Cech, US biochemist who won Nobel Prize for catalytic functions of RNA
• Aravinda Chakravarti, Indian-born bioinformatician studying genetic factors in common diseases
• Daniel Chamovitz, discovered the COP9 Signalosome complex
• Jean-Pierre Changeux, French molecular neurobiologist, studied allosteric proteins
• Erwin Chargaff, Austrian-born US biochemist, Chargaff's rules led to the double helix
• Brian Charlesworth, British evolutionary biologist, husband of Deborah Charlesworth
• Deborah Charlesworth, British evolutionary biologist, wife of Brian Charlesworth
• Martha Chase, US biologist, with Hersey proved genetic material is DNA, not protein
• Sergei Chetverikov, Russian population geneticist
• Barton Childs, US pediatrician, biochemical geneticist, philosopher of medical genetics
• George M. Church, US molecular geneticist, did first direct genomic sequencing with Gilbert
• Aaron Ciechanover, Israeli biologist, won Nobel Prize for ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
• Bryan Clarke, British population geneticist, studied apostatic selection and molecular evolution
• Cyril Clarke, British medical geneticist, discovered how to prevent Rh disease in newborns
• Jens Clausen, Danish-US botanist, geneticist, and ecologist
• Stanley Cohen, US neurobiologist, Nobel Prize for cell growth factors
• Francis Collins, US medical geneticist, gene cloner, director of Human Genome Institute
• James J. Collins, US bioengineer, pioneered synthetic biology and systems biology
• Robert Corey, US biochemist, α-helix, β-sheet and atomic models for proteins
• Carl Correns, German botanist and geneticist, one of the re-discoverers of Mendel in 1900
• Lewis L. Coriell, US pioneer in culturing human cells
• Diane W. Cox, Canadian medical geneticist and expert on Wilson's disease
• Harriet Creighton, US botanist who with McClintock first saw chromosomal crossover
• Francis Crick, English molecular biologist, neuroscientist, co-discoverer of the double helix
• James F. Crow, US population geneticist and renowned teacher of genetics
• Lucien Cuénot, French biologist, proved Mendel's rules apply to animals as well as plants
• A. Jamie Cuticchia, US geneticist, into human genome informatics

  D

• David M. Danks, Australian pediatrician and medical geneticist, expert on Menkes disease
• C. D. Darlington, British biologist and geneticist, elucidated chromosomal crossover
• Charles Darwin, English naturalist and author of On the Origin of Species
• Kay Davies, English geneticist, expert on muscular dystrophy
• Jean Dausset, French immunogeneticist and Nobel Prize-winner for the HLA system
• Martin Dawson, Canadian-US researcher, confirmed and named genetic transformation
• Margaret Dayhoff, US pioneer in bioinformatics of protein sequences and evolution
• Albert de la Chapelle, eminent Finnish medical geneticist, genetic predisposition to cancer
• Max Delbrück, German-US scientist, Nobel Prize for genetic structure of viruses
• Charles DeLisi, US biophysicist, led the initiative that planned and launched the Human Genome Project
• Félix d'Herelle, Canadian-French microbiologist, discovered phages, invented phage therapy
• Hugo de Vries, Dutch botanist and one of the re-discoverers of Mendel's laws in 1900
• Carrie Derrick, Canadian geneticist, Canada's first female professor
• M. Demerec, Croatian-US geneticist, directed Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• Theodosius Dobzhansky, noted Ukrainian-US geneticist and evolutionary biologist
• John Doebley,, US geneticist, studies genes that drive development and evolution of plants
• Peter Doherty, Australian, won Nobel Prize for immune recognition of antigens
• Albert Dorfman, US biochemical geneticist, discovered cause of Hurler's syndrome
• Gabriel Dover, British evolutionary geneticist
• Dennis Drayna,, American human geneticist most notable for discovering genetic causes of stuttering
• NT Dubinin, Russian biologist and geneticist
• Bernard Dutrillaux, French cytogeneticist, chromosome banding, comparative cytogenetics
• Christian de Duve, Belgian cytologist, Nobel Prize for cell organelles

  E

• Richard H. Ebright, US bacterial geneticist, molecular mechanisms of transcription and transcriptional regulation
• A.W.F. Edwards, British statistician, geneticist, developed methods of phylogenetic analysis
• John Edwards, British medical geneticist and cytogeneticist who first described trisomy 18
• Hans Eiberg, Danish geneticist, discovered the mutation causing blue eyes
• Eugene "Gene" J. Eisen, US geneticist, experimental validation of the theory of genetic correlations; first to conduct a long-term selection experiment with transgenic mice
• Jeff Ellis, Australian scientist
• R. A. Emerson, US plant geneticist, the main pioneer of corn genetics
• Sterling Emerson, US, biochemical genetics, recombination, son of R. A. Emerson
• Alan Emery, British neuromuscular geneticist, Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy
• Boris Ephrussi, Russian-born French geneticist, created way to transplant chromosomes
• Robert C. Elston, British-born American biostatistical genetics and genetic epidemiologist
• Charlie Epstein, US medical geneticist, editor, developed mouse model for Down syndrome, wounded by the Unabomber
• Herbert McLean Evans, US anatomist, reported in 1918 humans had 48 chromosomes
• Martin Evans, British scientist, discovered embryonic stem cells and developed knockout mouse
• Cassandra Extavour, Canadian American geneticist and Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University
• Warren Ewens, Australian-US mathematical population geneticist, Ewens's sampling formula

  F

• Alexander Cyril Fabergé, Russian-born Anglo-American geneticist, grandson of Carl Fabergé
• Arturo Falaschi, Italian geneticist, researched the origin of DNA replication
• D. S. Falconer, Scottish quantitative geneticist, wrote textbook to the subject
• Darrel R. Falk, US biologist
• Stanley Falkow, US microbial geneticist, molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis
• Harold Falls, US ophthalmologic geneticist, helped found first genetics clinic in US
• William C. Farabee, US anthropologist, brachydactyly is evidence of Mendelism in humans
• Nina Fedoroff, US plant geneticist, cloning of transposable elements, plant stress response
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith UK cytogeneticist, Klinefelter syndrome, chromosome flow cytometry
• Philip J. Fialkow, US internist, educator, research in medical genetics and cancer genetics
• Giorgio Filippi, Italian medical geneticist, researched diseases linked to X chromosome
• J. R. S. Fincham, UK microbial and biochemical geneticist
• Gerald Fink, US molecular geneticist, preeminent figure in the field of yeast genetics
• Andrew Fire, US geneticist, Nobel Prize with Mello for discovery of RNA interference
• Robert L. Fischer, US geneticist, contributed to the understanding of genomic imprinting and epigenetics
• R. A. Fisher, British stellar statistician, evolutionary biologist, and geneticist
• Ed Fischer, Swiss-US biochemist, Nobel Prize for phosphorylation as switch activating proteins
• Eugen Fischer, German physician, anthropologist, eugenicist, influenced Nazi racial hygiene
• Ivar Asbjørn Følling, Norwegian biochemist and physician who discovered phenylketonuria
• E. B. Ford, British ecological geneticist, specializing in butterflies and moths
• Charles Ford, British pioneer in the golden age of mammalian cytogenetics
• Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, German-born US biochemist who studied tobacco mosaic virus
• Rosalind Franklin, British crystallographer whose data led to discovery of double helix
• Clarke Fraser, Canada's first medical geneticist, student of congenital malformations
• Elaine Fuchs, US cell biologist, molecular mechanisms of skin diseases, reverse genetics
• Walter Fuhrmann, German medical geneticist, at Giessen University
• Douglas J. Futuyma, US evolutionary and ecological biologist

  G

• Fred Gage, US neuroscientist, studies of neurogenesis and neuroplasticity of the adult brain
• Joseph G. Gall, distinguished US cell biologist, chromosomes, created in situ hybridization
• André Gallais, French specialist in quantitative genetics and breeding methods theory
• Francis Galton, British geneticist, eugenicist, statistician
• George Gamow, Ukrainian-born American polymath, proposed genetic code concept
• Eldon J. Gardner, US professor of genetics in Utah, described Gardner's syndrome
• Alan Garen, US, early molecular geneticist, nonsense triplets terminating transcription
• Archibald Garrod, English physician, pioneered inborn errors, founded biochemical genetics
• Stan Gartler, US human geneticist, G6PD as X-linked marker, clonality of cancer, HeLa cells contaminating cell lines
• Lihadh Al-Gazali, Iraqi geneticist, research on congenital disorders in the United Arab Emirates
• Luigi Gedda, Italian geneticist best known for his fascination with twin studies
• Walter Gehring, Swiss, developmental genetics of Drosophila, discovered homeobox
• Park S. Gerald, US medical geneticist, research on hemoglobins and chromosomes
• James L. German, US medical geneticist and cytogeneticist, pioneer on Bloom syndrome
• Walter Gilbert, US biochemist and molecular biologist, Nobel Prize-winner, entrepreneur
• H. Bentley Glass, US geneticist, provocative science theorizer, writer, science policy maker
• Salome Gluecksohn-Waelsch, German-born US co-founder of developmental genetics
• Richard Goldschmidt, German-American, integrated genetics, development, and evolution
• Joseph L. Goldstein, US medical geneticist, Nobel Prize-winner on cholesterol
• Richard M. Goodman, US-Israeli clinical geneticist, pioneered Jewish genetic diseases
• Robert J. Gorlin, US oral pathologist, clinical geneticist, craniofacial syndrome expert
• Irving I. Gottesman, US behavioral geneticist, used twin studies to analyze schizophrenia
• Carol W. Greider, US molecular biologist, Lasker Award and Nobel Prize for telomeres and telomerase
• Frederick Griffith, British medical officer who found transforming principle now called DNA
• Clifford Grobstein, US scientist, bridged classical embryology and developmental biology
• Jean de Grouchy, French pioneer of clinical cytogenetics and karyotype–phenotype correlation
• Hans Grüneberg, British mouse geneticist and blood cell biologist
• Pierre-Henri Gouyon, French biologist specializing in genetics and bioethics
• Elliot S. Goldstein, US geneticist at Arizona State University

  H

• Ernst Hadorn, Swiss pioneer in developmental genetics, mentor of Walter Gehring
• JBS Haldane, brilliant British human geneticist and co-founder of population genetics
• Ben Hall, US geneticist, DNA:RNA hybridization, yeast production of genetically engineered proteins
• Judy Hall, dual American and Canadian charismatic clinical geneticist and dysmorphologist
• Dean Hamer US geneticist, postulated gay gene and God gene for religious experience
• John Hamerton, UK-Canadian cytogeneticist, prenatal diagnostician, bioethicist
• W. D. Hamilton, British evolutionary biologist and eminent evolutionary theorist
• Phil Hanawalt, US geneticist, discovered DNA repair replication
• Anita Harding, UK neurologist, first mitochondrial DNA mutation in disease
• G. H. Hardy, British mathematician, formulated basic law of population genetics
• Henry Harpending, US anthropologist and human population geneticist
• Harry Harris, British biochemical geneticist par excellence
• Henry Harris, Australian-born cell biologist, work on cancer and human genetics
• Lee Hartwell, US yeast geneticist, Nobel Prize, "start" gene and checkpoints in the cell cycle
• Mogens Hauge, Danish medical geneticist and twin researcher
• Donald Hawthorne, US, major contributor to yeast genetics, centromere-linked gene maps
• William Hayes, Australian physician, microbiologist and geneticist, bacterial conjugation
• Robert Haynes, Canadian geneticist and biophysicist, work on DNA repair and mutagenesis
• Frederick Hecht, US clinical geneticist, cytogeneticist, coined term fragile site
• Michael Heidelberger US pioneer of modern immunology, won two Lasker Awards
• Martin Heisenberg, German geneticist, neurobiologist, genetic study of brain of Drosophila
• Charles Roy Henderson,, US animal geneticist, basis for genetic evaluation of livestock, developed statistical methods used in animal breeding
• Al Hershey, US bacterial geneticist, Nobel Prize largely for Hershey–Chase experiment
• Ira Herskowitz, US phage and yeast geneticist, genetic regulatory circuits and mechanisms
• Len Herzenberg, US human geneticist, immunologist, cell biologist and cell sorter
• Avram Hershko, Israeli biologist, Nobel Prize for ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
• Kurt Hirschhorn, Viennese-born American pediatrician, medical geneticist, cytogeneticist; described Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome
• Mahlon Hoagland, US physician and biochemist, co-discovered tRNA with Paul Zamecnik
• Dorothy Hodgkin, British founder of protein crystallography and Nobel Prize winner
• Robert W. Holley, US biochemist, structure of transfer RNA, Nobel Prize
• Leroy Hood, US molecular biotechnologist, created DNA and protein sequencers and synthesizers
• Norman Horowitz, US geneticist, one gene-one enzyme, chemical evolution, space biology
• H. Robert Horvitz, US cell biologist, Nobel Prize for programmed cell death
• David E. Housman, US molecular biologist, genetic basis of trinucleotide repeat diseases and cancer
• Martha M. Howe, US phage geneticist, notable contributions to the study of phage Mu
• T. C. Hsu, distinguished Chinese-American cell biologist, geneticist, cytogeneticist
• Thomas J. Hudson, Canadian genome scientist, maps of human and mouse genomes
• David Hungerford, US co-discoverer of Philadelphia chromosome in CML
• Tim Hunt, UK biochemist, Nobel Prize for discovery of cyclins in cell cycle control
• Charles Leonard Huskins, English-born Canadian cytogeneticist at McGill University and University of Wisconsin–Madison

  I

• Harvey Itano, American biochemist and pioneer in the study of sickle cell disease

  J

• François Jacob, French biologist, won Nobel Prize for bacterial gene control
• Patricia A. Jacobs, Scottish human geneticist and cytogeneticist
• Albert Jacquard, French geneticist, essayist, humanist, activist
• Rudolf Jaenisch, German cell biologist, created transgenic mice, leader in therapeutic cloning
• Richard Jefferson, US molecular plant biologist in Australia, reporter gene system GUS
• Alec Jeffreys, British geneticist, developed DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling techniques
• Niels Kaj Jerne, Danish, greatest theoretician in modern immunology, Nobel Prize
• Elizabeth W. Jones US yeast geneticist, first to complete the University of Washington graduate genetics program
• Wilhelm Johannsen, Danish botanist who in 1909 coined the word "gene"
• Jonathan D. G. Jones, British plant molecular biologist
• Steve Jones, British evolutionary geneticist and malacologist
• Christian Jung, German plant geneticist and molecular biologist

  K

• Dronamraju Krishna Rao, Indian born geneticist, founder of Foundation of Genetic Research
• Elvin Kabat US immunochemist, a founder of modern immunology, antibody-combining sites
• Henrik Kacser, Romanian-born UK biochemist and geneticist, worked on metabolic control
• Axel Kahn, French scientist and geneticist, known for work on genetically modified plants
• Patricia Kailis, Australian geneticist
• Franz Josef Kallmann, German-US psychiatrist, pioneer in genetics of psychiatric diseases
• Gopinath Kartha, Indian biophysicist, co-discovered triple-helix structure of collagen
• Berwind P. Kaufmann, US botanist, did research in basic plant and animal cytogenetics
• John Kendrew, UK crystallographer, won Nobel Prize for structure of myoglobin
• Cynthia Kenyon, US molecular biologist, genetics of aging in the worm C. elegans
• Warwick Estevam Kerr Brazilian expert in the genetics and sex determination of bees
• Bernard Kettlewell, UK physician, lepidopterist, ecological geneticist, peppered moth
• Seymour Kety, US neuroscientist, essential involvement of genetic factors in schizophrenia
• Gobind Khorana, Indian-US molecular biologist, synthesized nucleic acids, Nobel Prize
• Motoo Kimura, influential Japanese mathematical biologist in theoretical population genetics
• Mary-Claire King, US human geneticist and social activist, identified breast cancer genes
• David Klein,, Swiss ophthalmologist and human geneticist
• Harold Klinger, US pioneer on human chromosomes, founded journal Cytogenetics
• Aaron Klug, Lithuania/South Africa/UK, Nobel Prize for developing electron crystallography
• Al Knudson, US pediatric oncologist, geneticist, formulated two hit hypothesis of cancer
• Georges J. F. Köhler, German, Nobel Prize for hybridomas making monoclonal antibodies
• Arthur Kornberg, US biochemist, Nobel Prize on DNA synthesis, father of Roger Kornberg
• Roger Kornberg, US biologist, Nobel Prize on eukaryotic transcription
• Hans Kornberg, German-UK biologist, studies of carbohydrate transport
• Ed Krebs, US biochemist, Nobel Prize for phosphorylation as switch activating proteins
• Eric Kremer, US molecular biologist, found trinucleotide repeat in fragile X, research now in gene therapy
• Henry Kunkel, US immunologist, created starch gel electrophoresis to separate proteins

  L

• Bruce Lahn, Chinese-born geneticist specializing in evolutionary changes of the human brain
• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, French naturalist, evolutionist, "inheritance of acquired traits"
• Eric Lander, US molecular geneticist, major contributor to Human Genome Project
• Karl Landsteiner, Austrian-American pathologist, won Nobel Prize for blood group discoveries
• André Langaney, French evolutionary geneticist
• Derald Langham, US agricultural geneticist, the "father of sesame"
• Sam Latt, US pioneer in molecular cytogenetics, fluorescent DNA chromosome probes
• Philip Leder, US geneticist, method to decode genetic code, transgenic animals to study cancer
• Esther Lederberg, US microbiologist and bacterial genetics pioneer
• Joshua Lederberg, US molecular biologist, Nobel Prize, headed Rockefeller University
• Jérôme Lejeune, French pediatrician, geneticist, discovered trisomy 21 in Down syndrome
• Richard Lenski, US biologist and phage worker, did long-term E. coli evolution experiment
• Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and eugenicist, ideas influenced Nazi racial hygiene policies
• Widukind Lenz, eminent German medical geneticist who recognized thalidomide syndrome
• Leonard Lerman, US molecular biologist, phage worker, mentor of Nobel Prize-winner Sidney Altman
• I. Michael Lerner, Russian-US contributor to population, quantitative and evolutionary genetics
• Albert Levan, Swedist geneticist, co-authored report that humans have 46 chromosomes
• Cyrus Levinthal, US molecular geneticist, DNA replication, mRNA, molecular graphics
• Edward B. Lewis, US founder of developmental genetics and Nobel Prize-winner
• Richard Lewontin, US evolutionary biologist, geneticist and social commentator
• C. C. Li, eminent Chinese American population geneticist and human geneticist
• Wen-Hsiung Li, Taiwanese-American, molecular evolution, population genetics, genomics
• David Linder, US pathologist and geneticist, used G6PD as X-linked clonal tumor marker
• Susan Lindquist, US molecular biologist studying effects of protein folding and heat-shock proteins
• Jan Lindsten, eminent Swedish medical geneticist, secretary general of the Nobel Assembly
• Fritz Lipmann, German-American biochemist, Nobel Prize for co-discovery of coenzyme A
• C. C. Little, US pioneer mouse geneticist, founded Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine
• Richard Losick, US molecular biologist, RNA polymerase, gene transcription, bacterial development
• Herbert Lubs, US internist, medical geneticist, described "marker X"
• Salvador Luria, Italian-American molecular biologist, Nobel Prize for bacteriophage genetics
• Jay Lush, US animal geneticist who pioneered modern scientific animal breeding
• Michael Lynch , US quantitative geneticist studying evolution, population genetics, and genomics
• Mary F. Lyon, English mouse geneticist, noted X-inactivation and proposed Lyon hypothesis
• David T. Lykken, US psychologist and behavioral geneticist known for twin studies
• Trofim Lysenko, Soviet scientist, led vicious political campaign against genetics in USSR

  M

• Ellen Magenis, US medical geneticist and cytogeneticist, Smith–Magenis syndrome
• Phyllis McAlpine, Canadian human geneticist and gene mapper
• Maclyn McCarty, US co-discoverer that DNA is the genetic material
• Barbara McClintock, US cytogeneticist, Nobel Prize for genetic transposition
• William McGinnis, US molecular geneticist, found homeobox genes responsible for basic body plan
• Victor A. McKusick, US internist and clinical geneticist, organized human genetic knowledge
• Colin MacLeod, Canadian-American co-discoverer that DNA is the genetic material
• Tak Wah Mak, Chinese-Canadian molecular biologist, co-discovered human T cell receptor genes
• Gustave Malécot, French mathematician who influenced population genetics
• Tom Maniatis, US molecular biologist, gene cloning, regulation of gene expression
• Clement Markert, eminent US biologist, discovered isozymes
• Joan Marks, US social worker, principal architect of the profession of genetic counselor
• Marco Marra, Canadian scientist
• Richard E. Marshall, US paediatrician, Greig's syndrome I, Marshall–Smith syndrome
• John Maynard Smith, British evolutionary biologist and population geneticist
• Ernst Mayr, leading German-born American evolutionary biologist
• Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born English scientist, Nobel Prize for immunological tolerance
• Craig C. Mello, US geneticist, Nobel Prize for discovery of RNA interference
• Gregor Mendel, Bohemian monk who discovered laws of Mendelian inheritance
• Carole Meredith, US geneticist who pioneered DNA typing to differentiate between grape varieties
• Matthew Meselson, US molecular geneticist, work on DNA replication, recombination, repair
• Peter Michaelis, German plant geneticist, focused on cytoplasmic inheritance
• Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, Russian plant geneticist, scientific agricultural selection
• Friedrich Miescher, Swiss biologist, found weak acid in white blood cells now called DNA
• Margareta Mikkelsen, eminent German-born Danish human geneticist and cytogeneticist
• Lois K. Miller, entomologist and molecular geneticist, studied insect viruses
• O. J. Miller, US physician, human and mammalian genetics and chromosome structure and function
• César Milstein, Argentine-UK, Nobel Prize for hybridomas making monoclonal antibodies
• Aubrey Milunsky, South African-US physician, medical geneticist, writer, prenatal diagnosis
• Alfred Mirsky, US pioneer in molecular biology, hemoglobin structure, constancy of DNA
• Felix Mitelman, Swedish cancer geneticist and cytogeneticist, catalog of chromosomes in cancer
• Jan Mohr, eminent Norwegian-Danish pioneer in human gene mapping
• Jacques Monod, French molecular biologist, Nobel Prize-winner
• Lilian Vaughan Morgan, wife of T. H. Morgan and a fine geneticist in her own right
• T. H. Morgan, head of the "fly room," first geneticist to win the Nobel Prize
• Newton E. Morton, population geneticist and genetic epidemiologist
• Arno Motulsky, German-US hematologist who influenced medical genetics and founded pharmacogenetics
• Arthur Mourant, British hematologist, first to examine worldwide blood group distributions
• H. J. Muller, US Drosophila geneticist, Nobel Prize for producing mutations by X-rays
• Hans J. Müller-Eberhard, German-US immunogeneticist, immunoglobulins and complement
• Kary Mullis, US biochemist, Nobel Prize for the polymerase chain reaction

  N

• Walter E. Nance, US internist and geneticist, research on twins and genetics of deafness
• Daniel Nathans, US microbiologist, Nobel Prize for restriction endonucleases
• James V. Neel, distinguished human geneticist, founded first genetics clinic in the US
• Fred Neidhardt, US microbiologist, pioneer in molecular physiology and proteomics of E. coli
• Oliver Nelson, US maize geneticist, profound impact on agriculture and basic genetics
• Walter Nelson-Rees, US cytogeneticist, confirmed HeLa cells contamination of other cell lines
• Eugene W. Nester, US microbial geneticist, genetics of Agrobacterium
• Carl Neuberg, early pioneer of the study of metabolism.
• Hans Neurath, Austrian-US protein chemist, helped set stage for proteomics
• Marshall W. Nirenberg, US geneticist, biochemist and Nobel Prize-winner
• Eva Nogales, Spanish biophysicist studying eukaryotic transcription and translation initiation complexes
• Edward Novitski, eminent US Drosophila geneticist, pioneer in chromosome mechanics
• Paul Nurse, UK biochemist, Nobel Prize for work on CDK, a key regulator of the cell cycle
• Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, German developmental biologist and Nobel Prize-winner
• William Nyhan, US pediatrician and biochemical geneticist, described Lesch–Nyhan syndrome

  O

• Severo Ochoa, Spanish-American biochemist, Nobel Prize for work on the synthesis of RNA
• Susumu Ohno, Japanese-US biologist, evolutionary cytogenetics and molecular evolution
• Tomoko Ohta, Japanese scientist in molecular evolution, the nearly neutral theory of evolution
• Pete Oliver, US geneticist, switched from Drosophila to human genetics
• Jane M. Olson, US genetic epidemiologist and biostatistician
• Maynard Olson, US geneticist, pioneered map of yeast genome and Human Genome Project
• John Opitz, German-American medical geneticist, expert on dysmorphology and syndromes
• Harry Ostrer, US medical geneticist, studies origins of Jewish peoples
• Ray Owen, US geneticist, immunologist, found cattle blood groups and chimeric twin calves

  P

• Svante Pääbo, Swedish molecular anthropologist in Leipzig studying Neanderthal genome
• David Page, US physician and geneticist who mapped, cloned and sequenced the human Y chromosome
• Theophilus Painter, US zoologist, studied fruit fly and human testis chromosomes
• Arthur Pardee, US scientist who discovered restriction point in the cell cycle
• Klaus Patau, German-American cytogeneticist, described trisomy 13
• John Thomas Patterson, American embryologist and geneticist who studied isolating mechanisms
• Andrew H. Paterson, US geneticist, research leader in plant genomics
• Linus Pauling, eminent US chemist, won Nobel Prizes for chemical bonds and peace
• Crodowaldo Pavan, Brazilian biologist, fly geneticist, and influential scientist in Brazil
• Rose Payne, US transplant geneticist, key to discovery and development of HLA system
• Raymond Pearl, US biologist, biostatistician, rejected eugenics
• Karl Pearson, British statistician, made key contributions to genetic analysis
• Caroline Pellew, British geneticist
• LS Penrose, British psychiatrist, human geneticist, pioneered genetics of mental retardation
• Max Perutz, Austrian-British molecular biologist, Nobel Prize for structure of hemoglobin
• Massimo Pigliucci, Italian-US plant ecological and evolutionary geneticist. Winner of the Dobzhansky Prize.
• Alfred Ploetz, German physician, biologist, eugenicist, introduced racial hygiene to Germany
• Paul Polani, Trieste-born UK pediatrician, major catalyst of medical genetics in Britain
• Charles Pomerat, US cell biologist, pioneered the field of tissue culture
• Guido Pontecorvo, Italian-born Scottish geneticist and pioneer molecular biologist
• George R. Price, brilliant but troubled US population geneticist and theoretical biologist
• Peter Propping, German human geneticist, studies of epilepsy
• Mark Ptashne, US molecular biologist, studies of genetic switch, phage lambda
• Ted Puck, US physicist, work in mammalian and human cell culture, genetics, cytogenetics
• RC Punnett, early English geneticist, discovered linkage with William Bateson, stimulated GH Hardy

  Q

• Lluis Quintana-Murci, Spanish human population geneticist, heads part of Genographic Project

  R

• Michèle Ramsay, South African geneticist, single-gene disorders, epigenetics, complex diseases
• Robert Race, British expert on blood groups, along with wife Ruth Sanger
• Sheldon C. Reed, US pioneer in genetic counseling and behavioral genetics
• G. N. Ramachandran Indian biophysicist, co-discovered triple-helix structure of collagen
• David Reich, US, human population genetics and genomics, did humans and chimps interbreed?
• Theodore Reich, Canadian-US psychiatrist, a founder of modern psychiatric genetics
• Alexander Rich, US biologist, biophysicist, discovered Z-DNA and tRNA 3-dimensional structure
• Rollin C. Richmond, US, evolutionary and pharmacogenetic studies of Drosophila, university administrator
• Neil Risch, US human and population geneticist, studied torsion dystonia
• Otto Renner, German plant geneticist, established maternal plastid inheritance
• Marcus Rhoades, great maize geneticist and cytogeneticist
• David L. Rimoin, Canadian–US medical geneticist, studied skeletal dysplasias
• Richard Roberts, British molecular biologist, Nobel Prize for introns and gene-splicing
• Arthur Robinson, US pediatrician, geneticist, pioneer on sex chromosome anomalies
• Herschel L. Roman, US geneticist, innovated in analysis in maize and budding yeast
• Irwin Rose, US biologist, Nobel Prize for ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
• Leon Rosenberg, US physician-geneticist, molecular basis of inherited metabolic disease
• David S Rosenblatt, Canadian geneticist
• Peyton Rous, US tumor virologist and tissue culture expert, Nobel Prize
• Janet Rowley, US cancer cytogeneticist who found Ph chromosome due to translocation
• Peter T. Rowley, US internist and geneticist, genetics of cancer and leukemia
• Frank Ruddle, US biologist, somatic cell genetics, human gene mapping, paved way for transgenic mice
• Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist and eugenicist who promoted racial hygiene
• Elizabeth S. Russell, US mammalian geneticist, pioneering work on pigmentation, blood-forming cells, and germ cells
• Liane B. Russell, Austrian-born US mouse geneticist and radiation biologist
• William L. Russell, UK-US mouse geneticist, pioneered study of mutagenesis in mice

  S

• Leo Sachs, German-Israeli molecular cancer biologist, colony-stimulating factors, interleukins
• Ruth Sager, US geneticist, pioneer of cytoplasmic genetics, tumor suppressor genes
• Joseph Sambrook, British viral geneticist
• Avery A. Sandberg, US internist, discovered XYY in 1961, expert on chromosomes in cancer
• Lodewijk A. Sandkuijl, Dutch expert on genetic epidemiology and statistical genetics
• Larry Sandler, US Drosophila geneticist, chromosome mechanics, devoted teacher
• John C. Sanford, US horticultural geneticist and intelligent design advocate
• Fred Sanger, UK biochemist, two Nobel Prizes, sequence of insulin, DNA sequencing method
• Ruth Sanger, Australian expert on blood groups, along with husband Robert Race
• Karl Sax, US botanist and cytogeneticist, effects of radiation on chromosomes
• Paul Schedl, US molecular biologist, genetic regulation of developmental pathways in fruit fly
• Albert Schinzel, Austrian human geneticist, clinical genetics, karyotype-phenotype correlations
• Werner Schmid, Swiss pioneer in human cytogenetics, described cat eye syndrome
• Gertrud Schüpbach, Swiss-US biologist, molecular and genetic mechanisms in oogenesis
• Charles Scriver, Canadian pediatrician, biochemical geneticist, newborn metabolic screening
• Ernie Sears, Wheat Geneticist who pioneered methods of transferring desirable genes from wild relatives to cultivated wheat in order to increase wheat's resistance to various insects and diseases
• Jay Seegmiller, US human biochemical geneticist, found cause of Lesch–Nyhan syndrome
• Fred Sherman, US geneticist, one of the "fathers" and mentors of modern yeast genetics
• Larry Shapiro, US pediatric geneticist, lysosomal storage disorders, X chromosome inactivation
• Lucy Shapiro, US molecular geneticist, gene expression during the cell cycle, bacterium Caulobacter
• Phillip Sharp, US geneticist and molecular biologist, Nobel Prize for co-discovery of gene splicing
• Philip Sheppard, UK population geneticist, lepidopterist, human blood group researcher
• G. H. Shull, US geneticist, made key discoveries including heterosis
• Torsten Sjögren
• Mark Skolnick, US geneticist, developed Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms for genetic mapping, and founded Myriad Genetics
• Obaid Siddiqi, Indian neurogeneticist, pioneer on olfactory sense of fruit fly Drosophila
• David Sillence, Australian clinical geneticist, pioneered training of Australian geneticists, research in bone dysplasias, classified osteogenesis imperfecta
• Norman Simmons, US, forgotten donor of pure DNA to Rosalind Franklin in double helix saga
• Piotr Słonimski, Polish-Parisian yeast geneticist, pioneer of mitochondrial heredity
• William S. Sly, US biochemical geneticist, mucopolysaccharidosis type VII
• Cedric A. B. Smith, British statistician, made key contributions to statistical genetics
• David W. Smith, US pediatrician, influential dysmorphologist, named fetal alcohol syndrome
• Hamilton Smith, US microbiologist, Nobel Prize for restriction endonucleases
• Michael Smith, UK-born Canadian biochemist, Nobel Prize for site-directed mutagenesis
• Oliver Smithies, UK/US molecular geneticist, inventor, gel electrophoresis, knockout mice
• George Snell, US mouse geneticist, pioneer transplant immunologist, won Nobel Prize
• Lawrence H. Snyder, US pioneer in medical genetics, studied blood groups
• Robert R. Sokal, Austrian-born US biological anthropologist and biostatistician.
• Tracy M. Sonneborn, protozoan biologist and geneticist
• Ed Southern, UK molecular biologist, invented Southern blot and DNA microarray technologies
• Hans Spemann German embryologist, Nobel Prize for discovery of embryonic induction
• David Stadler, US geneticist, mechanisms of mutation and recombination in Neurospora
• L. J. Stadler, eminent Us maize geneticist, father of David Stadler
• Frank Stahl, US molecular biologist, the Stahl half of the Meselson-Stahl experiment
• David States, US geneticist and bioinformatician, computational study of human genome and proteome
• G. Ledyard Stebbins, US botanist, geneticist and evolutionary biologist
• Michael Stebbins, US geneticist, science writer, editor and activist
• Emmy Stein, German botanist and geneticist
• Joan A. Steitz, US molecular biologist, pioneering studies of snRNAs and snRNPs
• Gunther Stent, German-born US molecular geneticist, phage worker, philosopher of science
• Curt Stern, German-born US Drosophila and human geneticist, great teacher
• Nettie Stevens, US geneticist, studied chromosomal basis of sex and discovered XY basis
• Miodrag Stojković, Serbian geneticist, working in Europe on mammalian cloning
• George Streisinger, US geneticist, work on bacterial viruses, frameshift mutations

1. List item Leonell Strong, US geneticist, mouse geneticist and cancer researcher

• Alfred Sturtevant, constructed first genetic map of a chromosome
• John Sulston, UK molecular biologist, Nobel Prize for programmed cell death in C. elegans
• James B. Sumner, US biochemist, Nobel Prize, found enzymes can be crystallized
• Maurice Super, South African-born UK pediatric geneticist, studied cystic fibrosis
• Grant Sutherland, Australian molecular cytogeneticist, pioneer on human fragile sites, human genome
• Walter Sutton, US surgeon and scientist, proved chromosomes contained genes
• David Suzuki, Canadian Drosophila geneticist, science broadcaster and environmental activist
• M. S. Swaminathan, Indian agricultural scientist, geneticist, leader of Green Revolution in India
• Bryan Sykes, British human geneticist, discovered ways to extract DNA from fossilized bones
• Jack Szostak, Anglo-US geneticist, worked on recombination, artificial chromosomes, and on telomeres. He has been awarded a Nobel Prize for its work on telomeres.

  T

• Jantina Tammes, Dutch geneticist, one of the first Dutch scientists to report on variability and evolution
• Edward Tatum, showed genes control individual steps in metabolism
• Joyce Taylor-Papadimitriou, British molecular biologist and geneticist
• Howard Temin, US geneticist, Nobel Prize for discovery of reverse transcriptase
• Alan Templeton, US geneticist and biostatistician, molecular evolution, evolutionary biology
• Joseph R. Testa, US cancer geneticist and malignant mesothelioma biologist whose team cloned AKT genes and co-discovered the BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome
• Donnall Thomas, US physician, Nobel Prize for bone marrow transplantation for leukemia
• Nikolay Timofeev-Ressovsky, Russian radiation and evolution geneticist
• Alfred Tissières, Swiss molecular geneticist who pioneered molecular biology in Geneva
• Joe Hin Tjio, Java-born geneticist who first discovered humans have 46 chromosomes
• Susumu Tonegawa, Japanese molecular biologist; Nobel Prize for genetics of antibody diversity
• Erich von Tschermak, Austrian agronomist and one of the re-discoverers of Mendel's laws
• Lap-chee Tsui, Chinese geneticist who sequenced first human gene with Francis Collins
• Raymond Turpin, French pediatrician, geneticist, Lejeune's co-discoverer of trisomy 21

  U

• Axel Ullrich, German molecular biologist, signal transduction, discovered oncogene, Herceptin
• Irene Ayako Uchida, Canadian geneticist and cytogeneticist. One of the first in Canada. Down syndrome

  V

• Harold Varmus, US Nobel Prize-winner for oncogenes, head of NIH
• Rajeev Kumar Varshney, Indian geneticist, principal scientist at ICRISAT and theme leader at
• Nikolai Vavilov, eminent Russian botanist and geneticist, anti-Lysenko, died in prison
• Craig Venter, US molecular biologist and entrepreneur, raced to sequence the genome
• Jerome Vinograd, US, leader in biochemistry and molecular biology of nucleic acids
• Friedrich Vogel, German, leader in human genetics, coined term "pharmacogenetics"
• Bert Vogelstein, US pediatrician and cancer geneticist, series of mutations in colorectal cancer
• Erik Adolf von Willebrand, Finnish internist who found commonest bleeding disorder

  W

• Petrus Johannes Waardenburg, Dutch ophthalmologist, geneticist, Waardenburg syndrome
• C. H. Waddington, British developmental biologist, paleontologist, geneticist, embryologist
• Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh, proposed natural selection theory independent of Darwin
• Douglas C. Wallace, US mitochondrial geneticist, pioneered the use of human mtDNA as a molecular marker
• Peter Walter, German-US molecular biologist studying protein folding and protein targeting
• Richard H. Ward, English-born New Zealand human and anthropological geneticist
• James D. Watson, US molecular geneticist, Nobel Prize for discovery of the double helix
• David Weatherall, distinguished UK physician, geneticist, pioneer in hemoglobin and molecular medicine
• Robert Weinberg, US, discovered first human oncogene and first tumor suppressor gene
• Wilhelm Weinberg, German physician, formulated basic law of population genetics
• Spencer Wells, US genetic anthropologist, head of Genographic Project to map past migrations
• Susan R. Wessler, US plant molecular geneticist, transposable elements re genetic diversity
• Raymond L. White, US cancer geneticist, cloned APC colon cancer gene and neurofibromatosis gene
• Glayde Whitney, US behavioral geneticist, accused of supporting scientific racism
• Reed Wickner, US molecular geneticist, yeast phenotypes due to prion forms of native proteins
• Alexander S. Wiener, U.S. immunologist, discovered Rh blood groups with Landsteiner
• Eric F. Wieschaus, US developmental biologist and Nobel Prize-winner
• Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand-born British Nobel Prize-winner with Watson and Crick
• Huntington Willard, US human geneticist, X chromosome inactivation, gene silencing
• Harold G. Williams, US, Oklahoma cattle geneticist pioneer
• Robley Williams, US virologist, recreated tobacco mosaic virus from its RNA + protein coat
• Ian Wilmut, UK reproductive biologist who first cloned a mammal
• Allan Wilson, New Zealand-US innovator in molecular study of human evolution
• David Sloan Wilson, US evolutionary biologist and geneticist
• Edmund Beecher Wilson, US zoologist, geneticist, discovered XY and XX sex chromosomes
• Øjvind Winge, Danish biologist and pioneer in yeast genetics
• Chester B. Whitley, US geneticist, pioneered treatment of lysosomal diseases
• Carl Woese, US biologist, defined Archaea as new domain of life, rRNA phylogenetic tool
• Ulrich Wolf, German cytogeneticist, found chromosome 4p deletion in Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome
• Melaku Worede, Ethiopian conservationist and geneticist
• Sewall Wright, eminent US geneticist who, with Ronald Fisher, united genetics & evolution

  Y

• Charles Yanofsky, US molecular geneticist, colinearity of gene and its protein product

  Z

• Floyd Zaiger, fruit geneticist and entrepreneur
• Hans Zellweger Swiss-US pediatrician and clinical geneticist, described Zellweger syndrome
• Norton Zinder, US biologist and phage worker who discovered genetic transduction
• Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Swiss scientist, won Nobel Prize for immune recognition of antigen

  Fictional geneticists

• Curt Connors in the comics
• Moira MacTaggert in the X-Men comics
• Andrew Wells in the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer