Malaysian identity card


The Malaysian identity card, is the compulsory identity card for Malaysian citizens aged 12 and above. The current identity card, known as MyKad, was introduced by the National Registration Department of Malaysia on 5 September 2001 as one of four MSC Malaysia flagship applications and a replacement for the High Quality Identity Card, Malaysia became the first country in the world to use an identification card that incorporates both photo identification and fingerprint biometric data on an in-built computer chip embedded in a piece of plastic.
Besides the main purpose of the card as a validation tool and proof of citizenship other than the birth certificate, MyKad may also serve as a valid driver's license, an ATM card, an electronic purse, and a public key, among other applications, as part of the Malaysian Government Multipurpose Card initiative, if the bearer chooses to activate the functions.
Other cards which are currently in use or soon to be introduced in the GMPC initiative and share similar features are:
  1. MyKid – for Malaysian citizens under age of 12 including newborns ;
  2. MyPR – for Malaysian Permanent Residents;
  3. MyTentera – for Malaysian Armed Forces personnel; and
  4. MyPolis – for Royal Malaysia Police personnel.

    Etymology

The term MyKad is a compound of two words with ambiguous meanings; namely My and Kad.
My can be:
Kad can be:
The initial MyKad was a contact card solution developed and manufactured by IRIS Corporation. Made of PC with the dimensions in the ISO/IEC 7816 ID-1 format, the initial card had a 32kb EEPROM embedded chip running on M-COS. In November 2002, the capacity was increased to 64kb.
The upgraded and current version of the MyKad is a hybrid card containing two chips for both contact and contactless interfaces. Currently, this hybrid type MyKad is only issued in Malaysian states that employ the Touch 'n Go application.
The MyKad chip has a data retention up to 20 years, while the card itself has a lifespan of 10 years and has been tested according to the ISO 10373 standard.

Eligibility and adoption

All Malaysian citizens and permanent residents 12 years old or above are eligible for a MyKad. From 2001, it gradually replaced an older Malaysian Identity Card system, that had been in use since 1949 under British colonial rule, with the intention of becoming ubiquitous by 2007. Children are issued with a MyKid after birth. This card is "upgraded" to a MyKad on the 12th birthday. The MyKad must be replaced when a person reaches 18 years old, as it is a requirement that the photograph be "current".
Adoption was optional but was spurred by the waiving of the application fee of between RM20 and RM50 until 31 December 2005. As of 27 December 2005, 1,180,208 Malaysians still held an old identity card. After the waiving period ended on 31 December 2005, each new first-time application comes with a fee of RM10.

Structure of the National Registration Identity Card Number (NRIC)

The current format of the Malaysian identity card number, introduced in 1990, features 12 digits separated into three block by hyphens, as illustrated below:
The above format is the official format as printed on the official identity documents e.g. MyKad. However, for database purposes, the NRIC Number may have its hyphens omitted, hence:
The first six digits signify the person's date of birth in the format; for example, a person born on 16 September 1963, would have 630916 as the first six digits of their identity card. A person born on 1 January 1900 would have 000101 as the first digits, same with a person born on 1 January 2000. In cases where the person's actual date of birth according to the Gregorian calendar is uncertain, the date on which the person first applied for a MyKad is used, noted by an asterisk.
PB, the seventh and eighth digit, based on the place of birth of the person, which will be referred from the birth certificate upon application of the MyKad. Policemen and armed forces are assigned with the unique digit, 88 and 99 respectively throughout their term of service. After ending their term of service, they would gain the MyKad with the middle digits based on their place of birth.
###, the ninth through eleventh digit is the generic special number generated by the National Registration Department of Malaysia's computer system.
G, the 12th digit represents the gender of the person. The odd numbers for G denote male while the even numbers denote female.
On the back of the card, there is an additional 2-digit number after the 12-digit number to indicate the number of MyKad which a person previously held.

Place of birth

Prior to 2001, originally, any person who was born abroad used digit 71 or 72 in their identity card number, regardless with or without at least one parent with Malaysian citizenship. It is estimated that about 171,023 registered voters who born abroad and used digit 71 or 72 in MyKad.
However, since 2001, any baby who was born abroad after 2001 is referred according to their place of birth rather than general digit 71 or 72 in their MyKad. It also affected any person who was born abroad regardless of their year of birth; who applying MyKad without holding High Quality Identity Card after 2001. Despite that, if any person born abroad who already had High Quality Identity Card which means they registered their identity card before 2001, they still retain digit 71 or 72 to be used in their MyKad identity card number. High Quality Identity Card was in use as the Malaysia's identity card from 1990 to 2001. After 2001, a person with High Quality Identity Card is expected to renew their High Quality Identity Card with new MyKad.
PBPlace of birth
00
01Johor
02Kedah
03Kelantan
04Malacca
05Negeri Sembilan
06Pahang
07Penang
08Perak
09Perlis
10Selangor
11Terengganu
12Sabah
13Sarawak
14Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
15Federal Territory of Labuan
16Federal Territory of Putrajaya
17
18
19
20
21Johor
22Johor
23Johor
24Johor
25Kedah
26Kedah
27Kedah
28Kelantan
29Kelantan
30Malacca
31Negeri Sembilan
32Pahang
33Pahang
34Penang
35Penang
36Perak
37Perak
38Perak
39Perak
40Perlis
41Selangor
42Selangor
43Selangor
44Selangor
45Terengganu
46Terengganu
47Sabah
48Sabah
49Sabah
50Sarawak
51Sarawak
52Sarawak
53Sarawak
54Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
55Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
56Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
57Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
58Federal Territory of Labuan
59Negeri Sembilan

PBPlace of birth
60Brunei
61Indonesia
62Cambodia / Democratic Kampuchea / Kampuchea
63Laos
64Myanmar
65Philippines
66Singapore
67Thailand
68Vietnam
69
70
71A person born outside Malaysia prior to 2001
Excluding those born abroad without holding High Quality Identity Card
72A person born outside Malaysia prior to 2001
Excluding those born abroad without holding High Quality Identity Card
73
74China
75India
76Pakistan
77Saudi Arabia
78Sri Lanka
79Bangladesh
80
81
82Unknown state
83American Samoa / Asia-Pacific / Australia / Christmas Island / Cocos Islands / Cook Islands / Fiji / French Polynesia / Guam / Heard Island and McDonald Islands / Marshall Islands / Micronesia / New Caledonia / New Zealand / Niue / Norfolk Island / Papua New Guinea / Timor Leste / Tokelau / United States Minor Outlying Islands / Wallis and Futuna Islands
84Anguilla / Argentina / Aruba / Bolivia / Brazil / Chile / Colombia / Ecuador / French Guinea / Guadeloupe / Guyana / Paraguay / Peru / South America / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands / Suriname / Uruguay / Venezuela
85Africa / Algeria / Angola / Botswana / Burundi / Cameroon / Central African Republic / Chad / Congo-Brazzaville / Congo-Kinshasa / Djibouti / Egypt / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Gabon / Gambia / Ghana / Guinea / Kenya / Liberia / Malawi / Mali / Mauritania / Mayotte / Morocco / Mozambique / Namibia / Niger / Nigeria / Rwanda / Réunion / Senegal / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / Sudan / Swaziland / Tanzania / Togo / Tonga / Tunisia / Uganda / Western Sahara / Zaire / Zambia / Zimbabwe
86Armenia / Austria / Belgium / Cyprus / Denmark / Europe / Faroe Islands / France / Finland / Finland, Metropolitan / Germany / Germany, Democratic Republic / Germany, Federal Republic / Greece / Holy See / Italy / Luxembourg / Macedonia / Malta / Mediterranean / Monaco / Netherlands / Norway / Portugal / Republic of Moldova / Slovakia / Slovenia / Spain / Sweden / Switzerland / United Kingdom-Dependent Territories / United Kingdom-National Overseas / United Kingdom-Overseas Citizen / United Kingdom-Protected Person / United Kingdom-Subject
87Britain / Great Britain / Ireland
88Bahrain / Iran / Iraq / Palestine / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Middle East / Oman / Qatar / Republic of Yemen / Syria / Turkey / United Arab Emirates / Yemen Arab Republic / Yemen People's Democratic Republic / Israel
89Far East / Japan / North Korea / South Korea / Taiwan
90Bahamas / Barbados / Belize / Caribbean / Costa Rica / Cuba / Dominica / Dominican Republic / El Salvador / Grenada / Guatemala / Haiti / Honduras / Jamaica / Martinique / Mexico / Nicaragua / Panama / Puerto Rico / Saint Kitts and Nevis / Saint Lucia / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines / Trinidad and Tobago / Turks and Caicos Islands / Virgin Islands
91Canada / Greenland / Netherlands Antilles / North America / Saint Pierre and Miquelon / United States of America
92Albania / Belarus / Bosnia and Herzegovina / Bulgaria / Byelorussia / Croatia / Czech Republic / Czechoslovakia / Estonia / Georgia / Hungary / Latvia / Lithuania / Montenegro / Poland / Republic of Kosovo / Romania / Russian Federation / Serbia / Soviet Union / U.S.S.R. / Ukraine
93Afghanistan / Andorra / Antarctica / Antigua and Barbuda / Azerbaijan / Benin / Bermuda / Bhutan / Bora Bora / Bouvet Island / British Indian Ocean Territory / Burkina Faso / Cape Verde / Cayman Islands / Comoros / Dahomey / Equatorial Guinea / Falkland Islands / French Southern Territories / Gibraltar / Guinea-Bissau / Hong Kong / Iceland / Ivory Coast / Kazakhstan / Kiribati / Kyrgyzstan / Lesotho / Libya / Liechtenstein / Macau / Madagascar / Maghribi / Malagasy / Maldives / Mauritius / Mongolia / Montserrat / Nauru / Nepal / Northern Marianas Islands / Outer Mongolia / Palau / Palestine / Pitcairn Islands / Saint Helena / Saint Lucia / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines / Samoa / San Marino / São Tomé and Príncipe / Seychelles / Solomon Islands / Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands / Tajikistan / Turkmenistan / Tuvalu / Upper Volta / Uzbekistan / Vanuatu / Vatican City / Virgin Islands / Western Samoa / Yugoslavia
94
95
96
97
98Stateless / Stateless Person Article 1/1954
99Mecca / Neutral Zone / No Information / Refugee / Refugee Article 1/1951 / United Nations Specialized Agency / United Nations Organization / Unspecified Nationality

Applications on MyKad

The MyKad project was developed was originally intended to have four functions:
Four further applications were added before or during its initial release,
At this time, most of the functions are still not widely used because they are not widely promoted.

Future / proposed applications

The extensible design of the card may be leading to functionality creep. Further applications envisaged by the government include:
MyKad must be carried at all times. Failure to do so may incur a fine of between RM3,000 and RM20,000 or jail term of up to three years.
No unauthorised people, including security guards, are allowed to retain the MyKads of other people. Only those authorised by the National Registration Department, like the police and immigration officers, can do so.
For Muslim citizens, "Islam" is printed on the card below the picture of the holder. This is to help the enforcement of Shariah law which is only applicable to Muslims.
As the state of Sabah and Sarawak maintain separate immigration controls, citizens who have permanent residency in the state of Sabah and Sarawak are denoted by the letters "H" and "K" respectively on the bottom right corner of the card.

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

MyKad's Public Key Infrastructure application allows for two digital certificates to be inserted. MyKad holders can apply and purchase the digital certificates from two of Malaysia's certification authority, and .
PKI allows for easy securing of private data over public telecommunications networks, thus allowing, secure electronic transactions over the Internet which include:
Citizens from Peninsular Malaysia travelling to Sabah and Sarawak can produce a MyKad on arrival to obtain a Document in Lieu of Internal Travel Document for social and business visits not more than three months. Sabah and Sarawak each maintains a separate immigration control system, and Peninsular Malaysians are subject to immigration control in the two states.
Malaysia and Brunei signed a frequent travellers cards agreement on 10 September 2007, allowing Malaysian and Bruneian frequent travellers to register to use their national identity cards for travel between Malaysia and Brunei.
As Malaysia stopped issuing and renewing Restricted Passports for citizens from Peninsular Malaysia to travel to Singapore beginning 1 January 2005, Malaysia considered negotiating with Singapore to allow frequent Malaysian travellers to enter Singapore using MyKad. However, Singapore rejected the use of MyKad by frequent Malaysian travellers to enter the country, citing security concerns.

MyID

The MyID is a Malaysian Government initiative that implements the National Registration Identity Card Number as the sole reference number for Malaysians in their transactions as an individual with the government agencies.

Other cards with similar MyKad features

MyKid

MyKid is a chip-based children identity card or personal identification document issued to children under the age of 12. Introduced on 1 January 2003, MyKid contains features similar to MyKad except that it does not include a photograph and thumbprint biometric data. For registration of new birth, MyKid will be processed during the application for registration of birth. Children born before 2003 do not get a MyKid.
The term Kid refers to:
MyKid is issued in pink instead of blue. Visible data for MyKid in block letters include:
The MyKid chip currently stores only three types of data:
Benefits of MyKid:
MyPR is an identity card or personal identification issued to residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status. All residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status are required to change their identity card to MyPR with effect from 1 June 2006. The MyPR is red and visible data include:
MyKAS is a temporary resident identity card issued under Regulation 5 of the National Registration Regulations 1990. It is green with expiry date indicated on the card.
MyKAS must be renewed within five years.

MyTentera

The MyTentera will replace the current BAT C 10 document .
The MyTentera will be silver and feature the Malaysian Armed Forces logo at the back top-right corner. It will also contain a 12-digit military identification number similar to the NRIC Number.