National Space Council
The National Space Council is a body within the Executive Office of the President of the United States created in 1989 during the George H.W. Bush administration, disbanded in 1993, and reestablished in June 2017 by the Donald Trump administration. It is a modified version of the earlier National Aeronautics and Space Council.
The National Space Council operates as an office of policy development and handles a portfolio of civil, commercial, national security, and international space policy matters. Composed of cabinet-level members and supported by a Users Advisory Group, the council is chaired by the Vice President of the United States.
National Aeronautics and Space Council (NASC)
1958–1973
Established by the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, the NASC was chaired by the President of the United States. Other members included the Secretaries of State and Defense, the NASA Administrator, the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, plus up to four additional members chosen at the President's discretion.The Council was allowed to employ a staff to be headed by a civilian executive secretary. Eisenhower did not use the NASC extensively during the remainder of his term, and recommended at the end of his last year in office, that it be abolished. He did not fill the post of executive secretary but named an acting secretary on loan from NASA. Shortly before assuming office, President-elect John F. Kennedy announced that he wanted his Vice President, Lyndon Johnson, to become chairman of the NASC, requiring an amendment to the Space Act.
Edward C. Welsh was the first executive secretary of the NASC, appointed in 1961 by President John F. Kennedy. Welsh, who as a legislative aide to Senator Stuart Symington helped draft the 1958 legislation that created NASA and the NASC, spent the 1960s as the principal advisor to the White House on space issues. He also assisted in the development of the legislation that created the Communications Satellite Corporation. After his retirement in 1969, he remained active as an advisor to NASA.
National Space Council
1989–1993
created the National Space Council by . The Council was chaired by Vice President Dan Quayle and included the following members:- The Secretary of State
- The Secretary of the Treasury
- The Secretary of Defense
- The Secretary of Commerce
- The Secretary of Transportation
- The Director of the Office of Management and Budget
- The Chief of Staff to the President
- The Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
- The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology
- The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
- The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Disbanding
In 1993, the Space Council was disbanded and its functions absorbed by the National Science and Technology Council.
In August 2008, when campaigning for president, Barack Obama promised to re-establish the National Aeronautics and Space Council. However, he completed two terms as president without having done so.
2017 revival
In October 2016, Robert Smith Walker and Peter Navarro, two senior policy advisers to GOP presidential candidate Donald Trump, wrote in an op-ed in SpaceNews that if elected, Trump would reinstitute a national space policy council headed by the vice president. In the first year of the Trump administration, Vice President Mike Pence indicated that the space council would be re-established, and would have a significant involvement in the direction of America's activities in space. On June 30, 2017, President Trump signed an for such a reestablishment. The revival of the National Space Council and the drafting of the Executive Order was led by Trump senior advisor Peter J. White. Following its re-institution, the council met for the first time on October 5, 2017 at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center and Space Museum in Chantilly, Virginia.List of meetings of the Revived National Space Council chaired by Vice President Mike Pence:
- 1st meeting took place on October 5, 2017 at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia.
- 2nd meeting took place on February 21, 2018 at the Space Station Processing Facility, Cape Canaveral, Florida.
- 3rd meeting took place on June 18, 2018 at the White House, Washington, D.C.
- 4th meeting took place on October 23, 2018 at the National War College, Washington, D.C.
- 5th meeting took place on March 27, 2019 at the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in Huntsville, Alabama.
- 6th meeting took place on August 20, 2019 at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, Chantilly, Virginia.
- 7th meeting was scheduled to take place March 24, 2020 at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the meeting was postponed to May 19, 2020, and took place partially by video conference.
- Vice President of the United States, chair
- Secretary of State
- Secretary of Defense
- Secretary of Commerce
- Secretary of Transportation
- Secretary of Energy
- Secretary of Homeland Security
- Director of National Intelligence
- Director of the Office of Management and Budget
- National Security Advisor
- Assistant to the President for Economic Policy
- Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy
- Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
- Homeland Security Advisor
- Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
National Space Council Users Advisory Group
Selection to the National Space Council Users Advisory Group:
- Buzz Aldrin, Gemini 12 and Apollo 11 astronaut
- Tory Bruno, President and CEO of United Launch Alliance
- Wes Bush, CEO of Northrop Grumman
- Dean Cheng, Senior Research Fellow, Asian Studies Center, Davis Institute for National Security and Foreign Policy of the Heritage Foundation
- Eileen Collins, 4-time Space Shuttle astronaut, first female Space Shuttle commander
- Steve Crisafulli, Former Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives
- Mary Lynne Dittmar, President and CEO of the Coalition for Deep Space Exploration
- James O. Ellis, Retired United States Navy Admiral, former head of STRATCOM, and member of the Space Foundation Board of Directors
- Tim Ellis, CEO of Relativity Space
- Newt Gingrich, former Speaker of the House
- Marillyn Hewson, CEO of Lockheed Martin
- Homer Hickam, Author of Rocket Boys and former NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center engineer
- Kay Ivey, Governor of Alabama
- Fred Klipsch, Founder and Chairman of Hoosiers for Quality Education
- Lester Lyles, Retired United States Air Force General and member of the NASA Advisory Council
- Pam Melroy, 3-time Space Shuttle astronaut and former Deputy Director of the Tactical Technology Office at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Dennis Muilenburg, CEO of the Boeing Company
- Fatih Ozmen, CEO of the Sierra Nevada Corporation
- G. P. "Bud" Peterson, President of the Georgia Institute of Technology
- Harrison "Jack" Schmitt, Apollo 17 astronaut and former Senator
- Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO of SpaceX
- Bob Smith, CEO of Blue Origin
- Eric Stallmer, President of the Commercial Spaceflight Federation
- David Thompson, founder and CEO of Orbital ATK
- Pamela Vaughan, Board Certified Science Teacher
- Mandy Vaughn, President, VOX Space
- Stuart O. Witt, Former CEO of Mojave Air and Space Port, former Navy pilot, Chairman Emeritus of the Commercial Spaceflight Federation
- David Wolf, 4-time Space Shuttle astronaut and physician
- Pete Worden, Former Air Force General and NASA Ames Research Center Director