Outline of finance

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to finance:
[]Finance - addresses the ways in which individuals and organizations raise and allocate monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects.

Overview

The word finance may incorporate any of the following:

The study of money and other assets
The management and control of those assets
Profiling and managing project risks
Fundamental financial concepts
Finance
* Arbitrage
* Capital
* Capital asset pricing model
* Cash flow
* Cash flow matching
* Debt
** Default
** Consumer debt
** Debt consolidation
** Debt settlement
** Credit counseling
** Bankruptcy
** Debt diet
** Debt-snowball method
** Debt of developing countries
* Discounted cash flow
* Financial capital
** Funding
* Financial modeling
* Entrepreneur
** Entrepreneurship
* Fixed income analysis
* Gap financing
* Global financial system
* Hedge
** Basis risk
* Interest rate
** Risk-free interest rate
** Term structure of interest rates
* Short rate model
**Vasicek model
**Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model
**Hull–White model
**Chen model
**Black–Derman–Toy model
* Interest
** Effective interest rate
** Nominal interest rate
** Interest rate basis
** Fisher equation
** Crowding out
** Annual percentage rate
** Interest coverage ratio
* Investment
** Foreign direct investment
** Gold as an investment
** Over-investing
* Leverage
* Long
* Liquidity
* Margin
* Mark to market
* Market Impact
* Medium of exchange
* Microcredit
* Money
** Money creation
** Currency
** Coin
** Banknote
** Counterfeit
** History of money
** Monetary reform
* Portfolio
**Modern portfolio theory
**Mutual fund separation theorem
**Post-modern portfolio theory
* Reference rate
** Reset
* Return
** Absolute return
** Investment performance
** Relative return
* Risk
** Financial risk
** Risk management
*** Financial risk management
*** Uncompensated risk
** Risk measure
*** Coherent risk measure
*** Deviation risk measure
*** Distortion risk measure
*** Spectral risk measure
*** Value at risk
**** Expected shortfall
**** Entropic value at risk
* Scenario analysis
* Short
* Speculation
** Day trading
* Position trader
* Spread trade
* Standard of deferred payment
* Store of value
* Time horizon
* Time value of money
** Discounting
** Present value
** Future value
** Net present value
** Internal rate of return
**Modified internal rate of return
** Annuity
** Perpetuity
* Unit of account
* Volatility
* Yield
* Yield curve
History
History of banking
History of insurance
Tulip mania, 1620s/1630s
South Sea Bubble & Mississippi Company, 1710s; see also Stock market bubble
Vix pervenit 1745, on usury and other dishonest profit
Panic of 1837
Railway Mania, 1840s
Erie War, 1860s
Long Depression, 1873–1896
Post-World War I hyperinflation; see Hyperinflation and Inflation in the Weimar Republic
Wall Street Crash of 1929
Great Depression 1930s
Bretton Woods Accord 1944
1973 oil crisis
1979 energy crisis
Savings and Loan Crisis 1980s
Black Monday 1987
Asian financial crisis 1990s
Dot-com bubble 1995-2001
Stock market downturn of 2002
United States housing bubble
Financial crisis of 2007–08, followed by the Great Recession
Finance terms by field

Accounting (financial record keeping)

Auditing
Accounting software
Book keeping
FASB
Financial accountancy
* Financial statements
** Balance sheet
** Cash flow statement
** Income statement
Management accounting
Philosophy of Accounting
Working capital
Banking
Anonymous banking
Automatic teller machine
Deposit
Deposit creation multiplier
Ethical banking
International Bank Account Number
Islamic banking
Loan
* Pre-qualification
* Pre-approval
* Subprime
Withdrawal
Corporate finance
Balance sheet analysis
* Financial ratio
Business plan
Capital budgeting
* Investment policy
** Business valuation
** Stock valuation
** Fundamental analysis
** Real options
** Valuation topics
** Fisher separation theorem
* Sources of financing
** Capital structure
** Cost of capital
** Weighted average cost of capital
** Modigliani–Miller theorem
** Hamada's equation
* Dividend policy
**Dividend
** Dividend tax
** Dividend yield
**Modigliani–Miller theorem
Corporate action
Financial management
*Managerial finance
*Management accounting
Mergers and acquisitions
* leveraged buyout
* takeover
* corporate raid
* Contingent value rights
Real options
Working capital management
*Working capital
**Current assets
**Current liabilities
*Return on investment
**Return on capital
**Return on assets
**Return on equity
*loan covenant
*cash conversion cycle
*Cash management
*Inventory optimization
**Supply chain management
**Just In Time
**Economic order quantity
**Economic production quantity
*Credit
*Credit scoring
*Default risk
*Discounts and allowances
*Factoring
Investment management
Active management
Efficient market hypothesis
Portfolio
Modern portfolio theory
* Capital asset pricing model
Arbitrage pricing theory
Passive management
* Index fund
Activist shareholder
Mutual fund
* Open-end fund
* Closed-end fund
* List of mutual-fund families
Financial engineering
* Long-Term Capital Management
Hedge fund
Hedge
Personal finance
529 plan
ABLE account
Asset allocation
* Asset location
Budget
Coverdell Education Savings Account
Credit and debt
* Credit card
* Debt consolidation
* Mortgage loan
** Continuous-repayment mortgage
Debit card
Direct deposit
Employment contract
* Commission
* Employee stock option
* Employee or fringe benefit
* Health insurance
* Paycheck
* Salary
* Wage
Financial literacy
Insurance
Predatory lending
Retirement plan
* Australia – Superannuation in Australia
* Canada
** Registered retirement savings plan
** Tax-free savings account
* Japan – Nippon individual savings account
* New Zealand – KiwiSaver
* United Kingdom
** Individual savings account
** Self-invested personal pension
* United States
** 401
** 401
** 403
** 457 plan
** Keogh plan
** Individual retirement account
*** Roth IRA
*** Traditional IRA
*** SEP IRA
*** SIMPLE IRA
* Pension
Simple living
Social security
Tax advantage
Wealth
Comparison of accounting software
Personal financial management
Investment club
Collective investment scheme
Public finance
Central bank
Federal Reserve
Fractional-reserve banking
* Deposit creation multiplier
Tax
* Capital gains tax
* Estate tax
* Gift tax
* Income tax
* Inheritance tax
* Payroll tax
* Property tax
* Sales tax
* Transfer tax
* Tax advantage
* Tax, tariff and trade
* Tax amortization benefit
Crowding out
Industrial policy
Agricultural policy
Currency union
Monetary reform
Insurance
Actuarial science
Annuities
Catastrophe modeling
Earthquake loss
Extended coverage
Insurable interest
Insurable risk
Insurance
* Health insurance
** Disability insurance
** Injury cover
** Flexible spending account
** Health savings account
** Long term care insurance
** Medical savings account
* Life insurance
** Life insurance tax shelter
** Permanent life insurance
** Term life insurance
** Universal life insurance
** Variable universal life insurance
** Whole life insurance
* Property insurance
** Auto insurance
** Boiler insurance
** Business interruption insurance
** Condo insurance
** Earthquake insurance
** Home insurance
** Title insurance
** Pet insurance
** Renters' insurance
* Casualty insurance
** Fidelity bond
** Liability insurance
** Political risk insurance
** Surety bond
** Terrorism insurance
* Credit insurance
** Trade credit insurance
** Payment protection insurance
** Credit derivative
* Mid-term adjustment
* Reinsurance
* Self insurance
* Travel insurance
* Niche insurance
Insurance contract
Loss payee clause
Risk Retention Group
Economics and finance
Economic growth
Financial economics
Mathematical economics
Managerial economics
Utility theory
Mathematics and finance

Time value of money

Present value
Future value
Discounting
Net present value
Internal rate of return
Annuity
Perpetuity
Financial mathematics

Mathematical tools

Probability
*Probability distribution
**Binomial distribution
**Log-normal distribution
**Poisson distribution
Stochastic calculus
*Brownian motion
**Geometric Brownian motion
*Cameron–Martin theorem
*Feynman-Kac formula
*Girsanov's theorem
*Itô's lemma
*Martingale representation theorem
*Radon–Nikodym derivative
*Stochastic differential equations
*Stochastic process
**Jump process
**Lévy process
**Markov process
**Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
**Wiener process
Monte Carlo methods
*Low-discrepancy sequence
*Monte Carlo integration
*Quasi-Monte Carlo method
*Random number generation
Partial differential equations
*Finite difference method
*Heat equation
*Numerical partial differential equations
**Crank–Nicolson method
**Finite difference method: Numerical analysis
Volatility
*ARCH model
*GARCH model
*Stochastic volatility
*Stochastic volatility jump
Derivatives pricing
Brownian model of financial markets
Martingale pricing
Rational pricing assumptions
*Risk-neutral measure
*Arbitrage-free pricing
Forward contract
*Forward contract pricing
Futures
*Futures contract pricing
Options
* Black–Scholes formula
** Approximations for American options
***Barone-Adesi and Whaley
***Bjerksund and Stensland
***Black's approximation
***Optimal stopping
***Roll–Geske–Whaley
* Black model
* Binomial options model
* Finite difference methods for option pricing
*
* The Greeks
* Lattice model
* Margrabe's formula
* Monte Carlo methods for option pricing
**Monte Carlo methods in finance
**Quasi-Monte Carlo methods in finance
**Least Square Monte Carlo for American options
* Trinomial tree
* Volatility
** Implied volatility
** Historical volatility
** Volatility smile
** Stochastic volatility
*** Constant elasticity of variance model
*** Heston model
*** SABR volatility model
** Local volatility
***Implied binomial tree
***Implied trinomial tree
***Edgeworth binomial tree
Swaps
*Swap valuation
**
**
**
**
***Multi-curve framework
**
Interest rate derivatives
*Black model
**caps and floors
**swaptions
**Bond options
*Short-rate models
**Rendleman–Bartter model
**Vasicek model
**Ho–Lee model
**Hull–White model
**Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model
**Black–Karasinski model
**Black–Derman–Toy model
**Kalotay–Williams–Fabozzi model
**Longstaff–Schwartz model
**Chen model
*Forward rate-based models
**LIBOR market model
**Heath–Jarrow–Morton Model
Valuation adjustments
*Credit valuation adjustment
*XVA
Constraint finance
Environmental finance
Feminist economics
Green economics
Islamic economics
Uneconomic growth
Value of Earth
Value of life
Financial markets

Market and instruments

Capital markets
Securities
Financial markets
Primary market
Initial public offering
Aftermarket
Free market
Bull market
Bear market
Bear market rally
Market maker
Dow Jones Industrial Average
Nasdaq
List of stock exchanges
List of stock market indices
List of corporations by market capitalization
Value Line Composite Index
Equity market
Stock market
Stock
Common stock
Preferred stock
Treasury stock
Equity investment
Index investing
Private Equity
Financial reports and statements
Fundamental analysis
Dividend
Dividend yield
Stock split
Equity valuation
Dow theory
Elliott wave principle
Economic value added
Fibonacci retracement
Gordon model
Growth stock
Mergers and acquisitions
Leveraged buyout
Takeover
Corporate raid
PE ratio
Market capitalization
Income per share
Stock valuation
Technical analysis
Chart patterns
V-trend
Paper valuation
Investment theory
Behavioral finance
Dead cat bounce
Efficient market hypothesis
Market microstructure
Stock market crash
Stock market bubble
January effect
Mark Twain effect
Quantitative behavioral finance
Quantitative analysis
Statistical arbitrage
Bond market
Bond
Zero-coupon bond
Junk bonds
Convertible bond
Accrual bond
Municipal bond
Sovereign bond
Bond valuation
* Yield to maturity
* Bond duration
* Bond convexity
Fixed income
Money market
Repurchase agreement
International Money Market
Currency
Exchange rate
International currency codes
Table of historical exchange rates
Commodity market
Commodity
* Asset
* Commodity Futures Trading Commission
* Day trading
* Drawdowns
* Forfaiting
* Fundamental analysis
* Futures contract
* Fungibility
* Gold as an investment
* Hedging
* Jesse Lauriston Livermore
* List of traded commodities
* Ownership equity
* Position trader
* Risk
* Seasonal traders
* Seasonal spread trading
* Slippage
* Speculation
* Spread trade
* Technical analysis
** Breakout
** Bear market
** Bottom
** Bull market
** MACD
** Moving average
** Open Interest
** Parabolic SAR
** Point and figure charts
** Resistance
** RSI
** Stochastic oscillator
** Stop loss
** Support
** Top
* Trade
* Trend
Derivatives market
Derivative

Underlying instrument
Forward markets and contracts
Forward contract
Futures markets and contracts
Backwardation
Contango
Futures contract
* Financial future
**Currency future
**Interest rate future
**Single-stock futures
**Stock market index future
Futures exchange
Option markets and contracts
Options
* Stock option
** Box spread
** Call option
** Put option
** Strike price
** Put–call parity
** The Greeks
** Black–Scholes formula
** Black model
** Binomial options model
** Implied volatility
** Option time value
**Moneyness
***At-the-money
***In-the-money
***Out-of-the-money
** Straddle
** Option style
*** Vanilla option
*** Exotic option
*** Binary option
*** European option
**** Interest rate floor
**** Interest rate cap
*** Bermudan option
*** American option
*** Quanto option
*** Asian option
** Employee stock option
* Warrants
* Foreign exchange option
* Interest rate options
* Bond options
* Real options
* Options on futures
Swap markets and contracts
Swap
* Interest rate swap
* Basis swap
* Asset swap
* Forex swap
* Stock swap
* Equity swaps
* Currency swap
* Variance swap
Derivative markets by underlyings

Underlying theory

Value
Valuation and specifically #Valuation overview
"The Theory of Investment Value"
Valuation risk
Real versus nominal value
Real prices and ideal prices
Fair value
*Fair value accounting
Intrinsic value
Market price
Value in use
Fairness opinion
Asset pricing
*Equilibrium price
**market efficiency
**economic equilibrium
**rational expectations
*Arbitrage-free price
**
**
Context
Bonds
* Bond valuation
*
*
Equity valuation
* #Equity valuation above
* Fundamental analysis
* Stock valuation
* Business valuation
*
*
* Capital budgeting and
*
* The Theory of Investment Value
Real estate valuation
*Real estate appraisal
*Real estate economics
Discounted cash flow valuation
Bond valuation
*Modelling
**
**
**
*Results
**Clean price
**Dirty price
**Yield to maturity
**Coupon yield
**Current yield
**Duration
**Convexity
*Cash flows
**Principal
**Coupon
**Fixed rate bond
**Floating rate note
**Zero-coupon bond
**Accrual bond
**sinking fund provisions
*Considerations
**covenants and indentures
**secured / unsecured debt
**senior / subordinated debt
**embedded options
***Pull to par
***
***effective duration
***effective convexity
Real estate valuation
*
*Income approach
**Net Operating Income
**
**German income approach
Equity valuation
*Results
** Net present value
** Adjusted present value
** Equivalent Annual Cost
** Payback period
** Discounted payback period
** Internal rate of return
** Modified Internal Rate of Return
** Return on investment
** Profitability index
* Considerations
** Minimum acceptable rate of return
** Margin of safety
** Enterprise value
** Sum-of-the-parts analysis
** Minority discount
** Control premium
** Accretion/dilution analysis
** Certainty equivalent
** Haircut
*Specific models and approaches
** Dividend discount model
** Gordon growth model
** Market value added / Economic value added
** Residual Income Valuation
** First Chicago Method
** rNPV
** Fed model
** Chepakovich valuation model
** Sum of perpetuities method
** Benjamin Graham formula
** LBO valuation model
** Goldman Sachs asset management factor model
*Modelling
** Cash flow
*** Cash flow forecasting
*** Cash flow statement
*** Operating cash flow
*** EBIDTA
****
*** NOPAT
*** Free cash flow
**** Free cash flow to firm
**** Free cash flow to equity
*** Dividends
*** Cash is king
** Required return
***Cost of capital
***Weighted average cost of capital
***Cost of equity
***Cost of debt
***Capital Asset Pricing Model
****
***Arbitrage pricing theory
***
***T-model
****cash-flow T-model
** Terminal value
***Forecast period
***long term growth rate
****
****
**Forecasted financial statements
***Financial forecast
***
***
***Revenue
****Revenue model
****
****
****Net sales
***Costs
****Profit margin
*****Gross margin
*****Net margin
*****Cost of goods sold
****Operating expenses
*****Operating ratio
****Cost driver
****Fixed cost
****Variable cost
****Overhead cost
****Value chain
****activity based costing
****common-size analysis
****Profit model
***Capital
****Capital structure
****common-size analysis
****Equity
*****Shareholders' equity
*****Book value
*****Retained earnings
****Financial capital
*****Long term asset / Fixed asset
******Fixed-asset turnover
*****Long-term liabilities
******Debt-to-equity ratio
******Debt-to-capital ratio
****Working capital
*****Current asset
*****Current liability
*****Inventory turnover / Days in inventory, Cost of goods sold
*****Debtor & Creditor days
*****Days sales outstanding / Days payable outstanding
Relative valuation
Bonds
*
* Yield spread
** I-spread
** Option-adjusted spread
** Z-spread
** Asset swap spread
* Credit spread
**Bond credit rating
**Altman Z-score
**Ohlson O-score
**Book value
**Debt-to-equity ratio
**Debt-to-capital ratio
**Current ratio
**Quick ratio
**Debt ratio
Real estate
* Capitalization rate
* Gross rent multiplier
* Sales comparison approach
**
Equity
* Financial ratio
* Market-based valuation
* Comparable company analysis
* Dividend yield
** Yield gap
* Return on equity
** DuPont analysis
* PE ratio
**PEG ratio
**Cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings ratio
* P/B ratio
* Price to cash based earnings
* Price to Sales
* EV/EBITDA
* EV/Sales
* Stock image
* Valuation using the Market Penetration Model
* Graham number
* Tobin's q
Contingent claim valuation
Valuation techniques
*general
**Valuation of options
**
**#Derivatives pricing above
*as typically employed
**Real options valuation
**
**
**
**Monte Carlo methods in finance
Applications
*Corporate investments and projects
**Real options
**
**Contingent value rights
**
*Balance sheet assets and liabilities
**warrants and other convertible securities
**securities with embedded options such as callable bonds
**employee stock options
**structured finance investments
**special purpose entities
Other approaches
"Fundamentals"-based
*T-model
*Residual income valuation
*Clean surplus accounting
*Net asset value method
*Excess earnings method
Portfolio theory

General concepts

Portfolio
Portfolio manager
Investment management
*Active management
*Passive management
**Index fund
*Core & Satellite
*Smart beta
*Expense ratio
*Investment style
** Value investing
** Contrarian investing
** Growth investing
** Index investing
** Magic formula investing
** Momentum investing
** Quality investing
** Style investing
** Factor investing
*Investment strategy
**Benchmark-driven investment strategy
**Liability-driven investment strategy
Investor profile
Rate of return on a portfolio / Investment performance
Risk return ratio
*Risk–return spectrum
Risk factor
Portfolio optimization
Diversification
Asset classes
*Exter's Pyramid
Asset allocation
*Tactical asset allocation
**Global tactical asset allocation
*Strategic asset allocation
*Dynamic asset allocation
Sector rotation
Correlation & covariance
*Covariance matrix
*Correlation matrix
Risk-free interest rate
Leverage
Utility function
Intertemporal portfolio choice
Portfolio insurance
*Constant proportion portfolio insurance
Modern portfolio theory
Portfolio optimization
*Risk return ratio
*Risk–return spectrum
*Economic efficiency
**Efficient-market hypothesis
**Random walk hypothesis
*Utility maximization problem
*Markowitz model
*Merton's portfolio problem
*Kelly criterion
*Roy's safety-first criterion
Theory and results
*Equilibrium price
*Market price
*Systematic risk
**Risk factor
*Idiosyncratic risk / Specific risk
*Mean-variance analysis
*Efficient frontier
*Feasible set
*Mutual fund separation theorem
**Separation property
*Tangent portfolio
*Market portfolio
*Beta
**Fama–MacBeth regression
**Hamada's equation
**
*Capital allocation line
*Capital market line
*Security characteristic line
*Capital asset pricing model
**Single-index model
*Security market line
*Roll's critique
Related measures
*Alpha
*Sharpe ratio
*Treynor ratio
*Jensen's alpha
Optimization models
*Markowitz model
*Treynor–Black model
Equilibrium pricing models
*Capital asset pricing model
*Consumption-based capital asset pricing model
*Intertemporal CAPM
*Single-index model
*Multiple factor models
**Fama–French three-factor model
**Carhart four-factor model
**Arbitrage pricing theory
Post-modern portfolio theory
Approaches
*Behavioral portfolio theory
*Stochastic portfolio theory
*Maslowian portfolio theory
*Dedicated portfolio theory
Optimization considerations
*Pareto efficiency
*Bayesian efficiency
*Multiple-criteria decision analysis
*Multi-objective optimization
*Stochastic dominance
**Second-order Stochastic dominance
**Marginal conditional stochastic dominance
*Downside risk
*Risk parity
*Tail risk parity
*Volatility skewness
*Semivariance
*Expected shortfall, average value at risk, expected tail loss )
*Tail value at risk
*Statistical dispersion
*Discounted maximum loss
*Indifference price
Measures
*Dual-beta
**Downside beta
**Upside beta
*Upside potential ratio
*Upside risk
*Downside risk
*Sortino ratio
*Omega ratio
*Bias ratio
*Information ratio
**Active return
**Active risk
*Deviation risk measure
*Distortion risk measure
*Spectral risk measure
Optimization models
*Black–Litterman model
*Universal portfolio algorithm
Performance measurement
Performance attribution
*Market timing
*Stock selection
Fixed-income attribution
Benchmark
Lipper average
Returns-based style analysis
Rate of return on a portfolio
Holding period return
Tracking error
Alpha
Beta
Simple Dietz method
Modified Dietz method
Modigliani risk-adjusted performance
Upside potential ratio
Maximum Downside Exposure
Maximum drawdown
*Sterling ratio
Sharpe ratio
Treynor ratio
Jensen's alpha
Bias ratio
V2 ratio
Calmar ratio
Mathematical techniques
Quadratic programming
*Critical line method
Nonlinear programming
Mixed integer programming
Stochastic programming
Copula
Principal component analysis
Deterministic global optimization
Genetic algorithm
Machine learning
Financial software tools
Straight Through Processing Software
Technical Analysis Software
Fundamental Analysis Software
Algorithmic trading
Electronic trading platform
List of numerical analysis software
Comparison of numerical analysis software
Financial institutions
Bank
* List of banks
** List of banks in the Arab World
** List of banks in Africa
** List of banks in the Americas
** List of banks in Asia
** List of banks in Europe
** List of banks in Oceania
** List of international banking institutions
* Advising bank
* Central bank
** List of central banks
* Commercial bank
* Community development bank
* Cooperative bank
* Custodian bank
* Depository bank
* Ethical bank
* Investment bank
* Islamic banking
* Merchant bank
* Microcredit
* Mutual savings bank
* National bank
* Offshore bank
* Private bank
* Savings bank
* Swiss bank
* Bank holding company
Building society
Broker
* Broker-dealer
* Brokerage firm
* Commodity broker
* Insurance broker
* Prime brokerage
* Retail broker
* Stockbroker
Clearing house
Commercial lender
Community development financial institution
Credit rating agency
Credit union
Diversified financial
Edge Act Corporation
Export Credit Agencies
Financial adviser
Financial intermediary
Financial planner
Futures exchange
* List of futures exchanges
Government sponsored enterprise
Hard money lender
Independent financial adviser
Industrial loan company
Insurance company
Investment adviser
Investment company
Investment trust
Large and Complex Financial Institutions
Mutual fund
Non-banking financial company
Savings and loan association
Stock exchange
* List of stock exchanges
Trust company
Education
For the typical finance career path and corresponding education requirements see:
*Financial analyst generally, and esp. #Qualification, discussing various investment, banking, and corporate roles
*Quantitative analysis and #Education, specifically re roles in quantitative finance
Business education lists undergraduate degrees in business, commerce, accounting and economics - "finance" may be taken as a major in most of these, whereas "quantitative finance" is invariably postgraduate, following a math-focused Bachelors; the most common degrees for investment, banking, and corporate roles are:
*Bachelor of Business Administration
*Bachelor of Commerce
*Bachelor of Accountancy
*Bachelor of Economics
At the postgraduate level, the MBA and MCom, as well the MSM, similarly offer training in finance generally; at this level there are also the following specifically focused masters degrees - see Master of Finance #Comparison with other qualifications for their focus and inter-relation:
*Master of Applied Finance
*Master of Computational Finance
*Master of Finance
*Master of Financial Economics
*Master of Financial Engineering
*Master of Financial Mathematics
*Master of Mathematical Finance
*Master of Quantitative Finance
*Master of Science in Finance
Doctoral-training in finance is usually a requirement for academia, but not relevant to industry
*quants often enter the profession with PhDs in disciplines such as physics, mathematics, engineering, and computer science, and learn finance "on the job”
*as an academic field, finance theory is studied and developed within the disciplines of management, economics, accountancy and applied mathematics.
There are various Professional Certifications in financial services relating to specialized roles ; the best known :
*Association of Corporate Treasurers
*Certificate in Quantitative Finance
*Certified Financial Planner
*Certified International Investment Analyst
*Certified Treasury Professional
*Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst
*Chartered Financial Analyst
*Financial Risk Manager
*Professional Risk Manager
See also qualifications in related fields:
*Accounting #Education and qualifications
*Economics education
*Actuarial credentialing and exams
*Management #Training
*Business education
Related lists
Index of accounting articles
Outline of business management
Outline of marketing
Outline of economics
Outline of production
List of international trade topics
List of business law topics
List of business theorists
Actuarial topics

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Michelin Guide - Michelin Guides are a series of guide books published by the French tyre company Michelin for more than a century. The term normally refers to the annually published Michelin Red Guide , the oldest...
Psalms - The Book of Psalms , commonly referred to simply as Psalms , the Psalter or "the Psalms", is the first book of the Ketuvim , the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and thus a book of th...
Ecclesiastes - Ecclesiastes is one of 24 books of the Tanakh , where it is classified as one of the Ketuvim . Originally written c. 450–200 BCE, it is also among the canonical Wisdom literature of the Old Tes...
The 48 Laws of Power - non-fiction book by American author Robert Greene. The book...

Popular television series

The Crown (TV series) - historical drama web television series about the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, created and principally written by Peter Morgan, and produced by Left Bank Pictures and Sony Pictures Tel...
Friends - American sitcom television series, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast sta...
Young Sheldon - spin-off prequel to The Big Bang Theory and begins with the character Sheldon...
Modern Family - American television mockumentary family sitcom created by Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan for the American Broadcasting Company. It ran for eleven seasons, from September 23...
Loki (TV series) - upcoming American web television miniseries created for Disney+ by Michael Waldron, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, shar...
Game of Thrones - American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss for HBO. It...
Shameless (American TV series) - American comedy-drama television series developed by John Wells which debuted on Showtime on January 9, 2011. It...

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