March 18 Events 1068 - An earthquake in the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula , leaves up to 20,000 dead. 1229 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor , declares himself King of Jerusalem in the Sixth Crusade . 1241 - First Mongol invasion of Poland: Mongols overwhelm Polish armies in Kraków in the Battle of Chmielnik and plunder the city. 1314 - Jacques de Molay , the 23rd and final Grand Master of the Knights Templar , is burned at the stake . 1438 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes Holy Roman Emperor . 1608 - Susenyos is formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia . 1644 - The Third Anglo-Powhatan War begins in the Colony of Virginia . 1741 - New York governor George Clarke's complex at Fort George is burned in an arson attack, starting the New York Conspiracy of 1741 . 1766 - American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act . 1793 - The first modern republic in Germany, the Republic of Mainz , is declared by Andreas Joseph Hofmann . 1793 - Flanders Campaign of the French Revolution , Battle of Neerwinden . 1834 - Six farm labourers from Tolpuddle , Dorset , England are sentenced to be transported to Australia for forming a trade union . 1848 - March Revolution: In Berlin there is a struggle between citizens and military, costing about 300 lives. 1850 - American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo . 1865 - American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States adjourns for the last time. 1871 - Declaration of the Paris Commune ; President of the French Republic , Adolphe Thiers , orders the evacuation of Paris. 1874 - Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights. 1892 - Former Governor General Lord Stanley pledges to donate a silver challenge cup as an award for the best hockey team in Canada ; it was later named after him as the Stanley Cup . 1900 - AFC Ajax Amsterdam , The Netherlands's biggest and most successful football club, was founded. 1902 - Macario Sakay issues Presidential Order No. 1 of his Tagalog Republic . 1913 - King George I of Greece is assassinated in the recently liberated city of Thessaloniki . 1915 - World War I: During the Battle of Gallipoli , three battleships are sunk during a failed British and French naval attack on the Dardanelles . 1921 - The second Peace of Riga is signed between Poland and the Soviet Union . 1921 - The Kronstadt rebellion is suppressed by the Red Army . 1922 - In India , Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience , of which he serves only two. 1925 - The Tri-State Tornado hits the Midwestern states of Missouri , Illinois , and Indiana , killing 695 people. 1937 - The New London School explosion in New London, Texas , kills 300 people, mostly children. 1937 - Spanish Civil War: Spanish Republican forces defeat the Italians at the Battle of Guadalajara . 1938 - Mexico creates Pemex by expropriating all foreign-owned oil reserves and facilities. 1940 - World War II: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at the Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom. 1942 - The War Relocation Authority is established in the United States to take Japanese Americans into custody. 1944 - Mount Vesuvius in Italy erupts, killing 26 people, causing thousands to flee their homes, and destroying dozens of Allied bombers. 1948 - Soviet consultants leave Yugoslavia in the first sign of the Tito–Stalin Split . 1953 - An earthquake hits western Turkey , killing 265 people. 1959 - The Hawaii Admission Act is signed into law. 1962 - The Évian Accords end the Algerian War of Independence , which had begun in 1954. 1965 - Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov , leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space . 1967 - The supertanker runs aground off the Cornish coast. 1968 - Gold standard: The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency . 1969 - The United States begins secretly bombing the Sihanouk Trail in Cambodia , used by communist forces to infiltrate South Vietnam . 1970 - Lon Nol ousts Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia . 1971 - Peru: a landslide crashes into Yanawayin Lake , killing 200 people at the mining camp of Chungar. 1980 - A Vostok-2M rocket at Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43 explodes during a fueling operation, killing 48 people . 1990 - Germans in the German Democratic Republic vote in the first democratic elections in the former communist dictatorship. 1990 - In the largest art theft in US history, 12 paintings, collectively worth around $500 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston . 1994 - Bosnia's Bosniaks and Croats sign the Washington Agreement , ending war between the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina , and establishing the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina . 1996 - A nightclub fire in Quezon City , Philippines kills 162 people. 1997 - The tail of a Russian Antonov An-24 charter plane breaks off while en route to Turkey causing the plane to crash and killing all 50 people on board. 2014 - The parliaments of Russia and Crimea sign an accession treaty . 2015 - The Bardo National Museum in Tunisia is attacked by gunmen. 23 people, almost all tourists, are killed, and at least 50 other people are wounded.Births 1075 - Al-Zamakhshari , Persian scholar and theologian 1395 - John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter , English military commander 1495 - Mary Tudor, Queen of France 1548 - Cornelis Ketel , Dutch painter 1552 - Polykarp Leyser the Elder , German theologian 1555 - Francis, Duke of Anjou 1578 - Adam Elsheimer , German painter 1590 - Manuel de Faria e Sousa , Portuguese historian and poet 1597 - Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière , French religious leader, founded the Société Notre-Dame de Montréal 1603 - Simon Bradstreet , English colonial magistrate 1609 - Frederick III of Denmark 1634 - Madame de La Fayette , French author 1640 - Philippe de La Hire , French mathematician and astronomer 1657 - Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni , Italian organist and composer 1690 - Christian Goldbach , Prussian-German mathematician and academic 1701 - Niclas Sahlgren , Swedish businessman and philanthropist, co-founded the Swedish East India Company 1733 - Christoph Friedrich Nicolai , German author and bookseller 1780 - Miloš Obrenović , Serbian prince 1782 - John C. Calhoun, American lawyer and politician, 7th Vice President of the United States 1789 - Charlotte Elliott , English poet, hymn writer, editor 1798 - Francis Lieber , German-American jurist and philosopher 1800 - Harriet Smithson , Irish actress, the first wife and muse of Hector Berlioz 1813 - Christian Friedrich Hebbel , German poet and playwright 1814 - Jacob Bunn , American businessman 1819 - James McCulloch , Scottish-Australian politician, 5th Premier of Victoria 1820 - John Plankinton , American businessman and industrialist, also noted for philanthropy 1823 - Antoine Chanzy , French general 1828 - Randal Cremer , English activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate 1837 - Grover Cleveland , American lawyer and politician, 22nd and 24th President of the United States 1840 - William Cosmo Monkhouse , English poet and critic 1842 - Stéphane Mallarmé , French poet and critic 1844 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov , Russian composer and academic 1846 - Kicking Bear , Native American tribal leader 1848 - Nathanael Greene Herreshoff , American architect and engineer 1858 - Rudolf Diesel , German engineer, invented the Diesel engine 1862 - Eugène Jansson , Swedish painter 1863 - William Sulzer , American lawyer and politician, 39th Governor of New York 1869 - Neville Chamberlain , English businessman and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1870 - Agnes Sime Baxter , Canadian mathematician 1874 - Nikolai Berdyaev , Russian-French philosopher and theologian 1877 - Edgar Cayce , American mystic and psychic 1877 - Clem Hill , Australian cricketer and engineer 1878 - Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry , English businessman 1882 - Gian Francesco Malipiero , Italian composer and educator 1884 - Bernard Cronin , English-Australian journalist and author 1886 - Edward Everett Horton , American actor, singer, and dancer 1890 - Henri Decoin , French director and screenwriter 1893 - Costante Girardengo , Italian cyclist 1893 - Wilfred Owen , English soldier and poet 1901 - Manly Palmer Hall , Canadian mystic, author and philosopher 1901 - William Johnson , American painter 1903 - Galeazzo Ciano , Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs 1903 - E. O. Plauen, German cartoonist 1904 - Srečko Kosovel , Slovenian poet and author 1904 - Margaret Tucker , Australian author and activist 1905 - Thomas Townsend Brown , American physicist and engineer 1905 - Robert Donat , English actor 1907 - John Zachary Young , English zoologist and neurophysiologist 1908 - Loulou Gasté , French composer 1909 - Ernest Gallo , American businessman, co-founded the E & J Gallo Winery 1909 - C. Walter Hodges, English author and illustrator 1911 - Smiley Burnette , American singer-songwriter and actor 1912 - Art Gilmore , American voice actor and announcer 1913 - René Clément , French director and screenwriter 1913 - Werner Mölders , German colonel and pilot 1915 - Richard Condon , American author and screenwriter 1922 - Egon Bahr , German journalist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany 1922 - Seymour Martin Lipset , American sociologist and academic 1922 - Fred Shuttlesworth , American activist, co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference 1923 - Andy Granatelli , American race car driver and businessman 1925 - Alessandro Alessandroni , Italian musician 1925 - James Pickles , English journalist, lawyer, and judge 1926 - Peter Graves , American actor and director 1927 - John Kander , American pianist and composer 1927 - George Plimpton , American journalist and actor 1927 - Lillian Vernon , German-American businesswoman and philanthropist, founded the Lillian Vernon Company 1928 - Miguel Poblet , Spanish cyclist 1928 - Fidel V. Ramos, Filipino general and politician, 12th President of the Philippines 1929 - Samuel Pisar , Polish-American lawyer and author 1930 - James J. Andrews, American mathematician and academic 1931 - John Fraser , Scottish actor 1932 - John Updike , American novelist, short story writer, and critic 1933 - Unita Blackwell , American civil rights activist and politician 1934 - Roy Chapman , English footballer and manager 1934 - Charley Pride , American country music singer and musician 1935 - Ole Barndorff-Nielsen , Danish mathematician and statistician 1935 - Frances Cress Welsing , American psychiatrist and author 1936 - F. W. de Klerk, South African lawyer and politician, 2nd State President of South Africa , Nobel Prize laureate 1937 - Rudi Altig , German cyclist and sportscaster 1937 - Mark Donohue , American race car driver 1938 - Carl Gottlieb , American actor and screenwriter 1938 - Shashi Kapoor , Indian actor and producer 1938 - Kenny Lynch , English singer-songwriter and actor 1938 - Timo Mäkinen , Finnish race car driver 1938 - Machiko Soga , Japanese actress 1939 - Ron Atkinson , English footballer and manager 1939 - Jean-Pierre Wallez , French violinist and conductor 1941 - Wilson Pickett , American singer-songwriter 1942 - Kathleen Collins , African-American filmmaker and playwright 1943 - Dennis Linde , American singer-songwriter 1944 - Amnon Lipkin-Shahak , Israeli general and politician, 22nd Transportation Minister of Israel 1944 - Frank McRae , American football player and actor 1944 - Dick Smith , Australian publisher and businessman, founded Dick Smith Electronics and Australian Geographic 1945 - Hiroh Kikai , Japanese photographer 1945 - Michael Reagan , American journalist and radio host 1945 - Susan Tyrrell , American actress 1945 - Eric Woolfson , Scottish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer 1946 - Michel Leclère , French race car driver 1947 - Patrick Barlow , English actor and playwright 1947 - Patrick Chesnais , French actor, director, and screenwriter 1947 - David Lloyd , English cricketer, journalist, and sportscaster 1947 - B. J. Wilson, English rock drummer 1948 - Guy Lapointe , Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1948 - Brian Lloyd , Welsh footballer 1948 - Eknath Solkar , Indian cricketer 1949 - Åse Kleveland , Norwegian singer and politician, Norwegian Minister of Culture 1950 - James Conlon , American conductor and educator 1950 - Brad Dourif , American actor 1950 - Linda Partridge , English geneticist and academic 1950 - Larry Perkins , Australian race car driver 1951 - Paul Barber , English actor 1951 - Ben Cohen , American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Ben and Jerry's 1951 - Bill Frisell , American guitarist and composer 1951 - Timothy N. Philpot, American lawyer, author, and judge 1952 - Will Durst , American journalist and actor 1952 - Pat Eddery , Irish jockey and trainer 1952 - Bernie Tormé , Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist 1952 - Mike Webster , American football player 1953 - Franz Wright , Austrian-American poet and translator 1953 - Takashi Yoshimatsu , Japanese composer 1955 - Francis G. Slay, American lawyer and politician, 45th Mayor of St. Louis 1955 - Jeff Stelling , English journalist and game show host 1956 - Rick Martel , Canadian wrestler 1956 - Deborah Jeane Palfrey , American madam 1956 - Ingemar Stenmark , Swedish skier 1957 - Christer Fuglesang , Swedish physicist and astronaut 1958 - Richard de Zoysa , Sri Lankan journalist and author 1959 - Luc Besson , French director, producer, and screenwriter, founded EuropaCorp 1960 - Richard Biggs , American actor 1960 - Guy Carbonneau , Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1960 - James Plaskett , Cypriot-English chess player 1961 - Grant Hart , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1962 - Michael Andrews , Australian rugby league player 1962 - Irene Cara , American singer-songwriter, actress, and producer 1962 - Brian Fisher , American baseball player 1962 - Thomas Ian Griffith , American actor and martial artist 1962 - James McMurtry , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor 1962 - Etsushi Toyokawa , Japanese actor and director 1962 - Volker Weidler , German race car driver and engineer 1963 - Jeff LaBar , American guitarist 1963 - Vanessa L. Williams, American model, actress, and singer 1964 - Bonnie Blair , American speed skater 1964 - Alex Caffi , Italian race car driver 1964 - Jo Churchill , British politician 1964 - Courtney Pine , English saxophonist and clarinet player 1964 - Isabel Noronha , Mozambican film director 1966 - Jerry Cantrell , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1966 - Peter Jones , English businessman 1966 - Brian Watts , Canadian golfer 1967 - Miki Berenyi , English singer-songwriter and guitarist 1968 - Prince Eudes, Duke of Angoulême 1968 - Miguel Herrera , Mexican footballer and manager 1968 - Temur Ketsbaia , Georgian footballer and manager 1968 - Paul Marsden , English businessman and politician 1969 - Andy Cutting , English accordion player and composer 1969 - Vassily Ivanchuk , Ukrainian chess player 1969 - Shaun Udal , English cricketer 1970 - Queen Latifah , American rapper, producer, and actress 1971 - Wayne Arthurs , Australian tennis player 1971 - Mike Bell , American wrestler 1971 - Mariaan de Swardt , South African-American tennis player, coach, and sportscaster 1971 - Kitty Ussher , English economist and politician 1972 - Dane Cook , American comedian, actor, director, and producer 1972 - Reince Priebus , American lawyer and politician 1973 - Luci Christian , American voice actress and screenwriter 1974 - Laure Savasta , French basketball player, coach, and sportscaster 1974 - Stuart Zender , English bass player, songwriter, and producer 1975 - Sutton Foster , American actress, singer, and dancer 1975 - Brian Griese , American football player and sportscaster 1975 - Kimmo Timonen , Finnish ice hockey player 1975 - Tomas Žvirgždauskas , Lithuanian footballer 1976 - Giovanna Antonelli , Brazilian actress and producer 1976 - Tomo Ohka , Japanese baseball player 1976 - Scott Podsednik , American baseball player 1976 - Mike Quackenbush , American wrestler, trainer, and author, founded Chikara wrestling promotion 1977 - Zdeno Chára , Slovak ice hockey player 1977 - Danny Murphy , English international footballer, midfielder and sportscaster 1977 - Fernando Rodney , Dominican-American baseball player 1977 - Willy Sagnol , French footballer and manager 1977 - Terrmel Sledge , American baseball player and coach 1978 - Fernandão , Brazilian footballer and manager 1978 - Brooke Hanson , Australian swimmer 1978 - Brian Scalabrine , American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster 1978 - Jonas Wallerstedt , Swedish footballer, coach, and manager 1979 - Adam Levine , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and television personality 1980 - Sébastien Frey , French footballer 1980 - Sophia Myles , English actress 1980 - Alexei Yagudin , Russian figure skater 1981 - Tora Berger , Norwegian biathlete 1981 - Fabian Cancellara , Swiss cyclist 1981 - Leslie Djhone , French sprinter 1981 - Jang Na-ra , South Korean singer and actress 1981 - Kasib Powell , American basketball player 1981 - Tom Starke , German footballer 1981 - Doug Warren , American soccer player 1981 - Lovro Zovko , Croatian tennis player 1982 - Mantorras , Angolan footballer 1982 - Chad Cordero , American baseball player 1982 - Timo Glock , German race car driver 1982 - Adam Pally , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter 1983 - Ethan Carter III , American wrestler 1983 - Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro , French tennis player 1983 - Andy Sonnanstine , American baseball player 1983 - Tomasz Stolpa , Polish footballer 1984 - Simone Padoin , Italian footballer 1984 - Rajeev Ram , American tennis player 1984 - Vonzell Solomon , American singer and actress 1985 - Ana Beatriz , Brazilian race car driver 1985 - Marvin Humes , English singer 1985 - Vince Lia , Australian footballer 1986 - Lykke Li , Swedish singer-songwriter 1986 - Abdennour Chérif El-Ouazzani , Algerian footballer 1987 - Rebecca Soni , American swimmer 1989 - Francesco Checcucci , Italian footballer 1989 - Lily Collins , English-American actress 1989 - Shreevats Goswami , Indian cricketer 1989 - Kana Nishino , Japanese singer-songwriter 1989 - Paul Marc Rousseau , Canadian guitarist and producer 1989 - Ming Xi , Chinese model 1991 - Dylan Mattingly , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1991 - Sam Williams , Australian rugby league player 1992 - Ryan Truex , American race car driver 1992 - Takuya Terada , Japanese singer, actor, and model 1997 - Ciara Bravo , American actress 1997 - Rieko Ioane , New Zealand rugby union player Deaths 978 - Edward the Martyr , English king 1076 - Ermengarde of Anjou, Duchess of Burgundy 1086 - Anselm of Lucca , Italian bishop 1227 - Pope Honorius III 1272 - John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel 1308 - Yuri I of Galicia 1314 - Jacques de Molay, Frankish knight 1314 - Geoffroy de Charney , Preceptor of Normandy for the Knights Templar 1321 - Matthew III Csák , Hungarian oligarch 1582 - Juan Jauregui , attempted assassin of William I of Orange 1675 - Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall , Irish soldier 1689 - John Dixwell , English soldier and politician 1745 - Robert Walpole , English scholar and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1768 - Laurence Sterne , Irish novelist and clergyman 1781 - Anne Robert Jacques Turgot , French economist and politician, Controller-General of Finances 1823 - Jean-Baptiste Bréval , French cellist and composer 1835 - Christian Günther von Bernstorff , Danish-Prussian politician and diplomat 1845 - Johnny Appleseed , American gardener and missionary 1871 - Augustus De Morgan , Indian-English mathematician and academic 1898 - Matilda Joslyn Gage , American author and activist 1900 - Hjalmar Kiærskou , Danish botanist 1907 - Marcellin Berthelot , French chemist and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs 1913 - George I of Greece 1918 - Henry Janeway Hardenbergh , American architect, designed the Plaza Hotel 1930 - Jean Leon Gerome Ferris , American painter 1936 - Eleftherios Venizelos , Greek journalist, lawyer, and politician, 93rd Prime Minister of Greece 1939 - Henry Simpson Lunn , English businessman, founded Lunn Poly 1941 - Henri Cornet , French cyclist 1947 - William C. Durant, American businessman, co-founded General Motors and Chevrolet 1954 - Walter Mead , English cricketer 1956 - Louis Bromfield , American environmentalist and author 1962 - Walter W. Bacon, American accountant and politician, 60th Governor of Delaware 1964 - Sigfrid Edström , Swedish businessman, 4th President of the International Olympic Committee 1965 - Farouk of Egypt 1973 - Johannes Aavik , Estonian philologist and poet 1977 - Marien Ngouabi , Congolese politician, President of the Republic of the Congo 1977 - Carlos Pace , Brazilian race car driver 1978 - Leigh Brackett , American author and screenwriter 1978 - Peggy Wood , American actress 1980 - Erich Fromm , German psychologist and philosopher 1982 - Patrick Smith , Irish farmer and politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine 1983 - Umberto II of Italy 1984 - Charley Lau , American baseball player and coach 1986 - Bernard Malamud , American novelist and short story writer 1988 - Billy Butterfield , American trumpet player and cornet player 1990 - Robin Harris , American comedian 1993 - Kenneth E. Boulding, English-American economist and activist 1996 - Odysseas Elytis , Greek poet and critic, Nobel Prize laureate 2000 - Eberhard Bethge , German theologian and academic 2001 - John Phillips , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 2002 - R. A. Lafferty, American soldier and author 2003 - Karl Kling , German race car driver 2003 - Adam Osborne , Thai-English engineer and businessman, founded the Osborne Computer Corporation 2004 - Harrison McCain , Canadian businessman, co-founded McCain Foods 2006 - Dan Gibson , Canadian photographer and cinematographer 2007 - Bob Woolmer , Indian-English cricketer, coach, and sportscaster 2008 - Anthony Minghella , English director and screenwriter 2009 - Omid Reza Mir Sayafi , Iranian journalist and blogger 2009 - Natasha Richardson , English-American actress 2010 - Fess Parker , American actor and businessman 2011 - Warren Christopher , American lawyer and politician, 63rd United States Secretary of State 2012 - Furman Bisher , American journalist and author 2012 - William R. Charette, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient 2012 - William G. Moore Jr., American general 2012 - George Tupou V of Tonga 2013 - Muhammad Mahmood Alam , Pakistani general and pilot 2013 - Henry Bromell , American novelist, screenwriter, and director 2013 - Clay Ford , American lawyer and politician 2014 - Catherine Obianuju Acholonu , Nigerian author, playwright, and academic 2014 - Kaiser Kalambo , Zambian footballer, coach, and manager 2014 - Lucius Shepard , American author and critic 2015 - Zhao Dayu , Chinese footballer and manager 2015 - Thomas Hopko , American priest and theologian 2015 - Grace Ogot , Kenyan nurse, journalist, and politician 2016 - Barry Hines , English author and screenwriter 2016 - Jan Němec , Czech director and screenwriter 2016 - Tray Walker , American football player 2016 - Guido Westerwelle , German lawyer and politician, 15th Vice-Chancellor of Germany 2017 - Chuck Berry , American guitarist, singer and songwriter 2020 - Alfred Worden , Apollo 15 command module pilot Holidays and observances Anniversary of the Oil Expropriation Christian feast day: * Alexander of Jerusalem * Anselm of Lucca * Cyril of Jerusalem * Edward the Martyr * Fridianus * Salvator * March 18 Earliest date on which Holy Wednesday can fall, while April 21 is the latest; celebrated on the week before Easter . Flag Day Gallipoli Memorial Day Men's and Soldiers' Day Ordnance Factories' Day Sheelah's Day Teacher's Day
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