List of human clusters of differentiation


The following is a list of human clusters of differentiation molecules.
* = group;
** = not listed on hcdm
CD1*MHC-like molecule that presents lipid molecules
CD1aCD1a, or T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a, is a human protein encoded by the CD1A gene. An antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells.
CD1bT-cell surface glycoprotein CD1b. Expressed on cortical thymocytes, certain T-cell leukemias and other tissues.
CD1cT-cell surface glycoprotein CD1c.
CD1dT-cell surface glycoprotein CD1d encoded by the CD1D gene. CD1d-presented lipid antigens activate a special class of T cells, known as natural killer T cells, through the interaction with the T-cell receptor present on NKT membranes
CD1eT-cell surface glycoprotein CD1e is a protein in humans encoded by the CD1E gene.
CD2a type I transmembrane protein found on thymocytes, T cells, and some natural killer cells that acts as a ligand for CD58 and CD59 and is involved in signal transduction and cell adhesion; expressed in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T-cell lymphoma.
CD3*the signaling component of the T cell receptor complex
CD3dT-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain
CD3eT-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain
CD3gT-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain
CD4a co-receptor for MHC Class II ; found on the surface of immune cells such as T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Used by HIV to enter T cells: in HIV infection. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells recognize and kill infected cells hence they are predominantly for protection against intracellular pathogens, e.g. viruses, and some bacteria, i.e. Rickettsiae
CD5a type I transmembrane protein found on T cells, thymocytes, and some B cells that is a ligand for CD72 and is involved in cellular activation or adhesion; expressed in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and T-cell lymphoma.
CD6adhesion molecule linking developing thymus-cells to thymus epithelial cells; co-stimulator to mature T cells; binds CD166
CD7a type I transmembrane protein found on thymocytes, some T cells, monocytes, natural killer cells, and hematopoietic stem cells; expressed in patients with mycosis fungoides, some patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and a few patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia
CD8*a co-receptor for MHC Class I; mostly found on cytotoxic T cells, but also on natural killer cells, cortical thymocytes, and a subset of myeloid dendritic cells. In HIV infection, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells recognise and kill infected CD4+ helper T cells, which are critical for the body's immunity. In HBV infection CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are involved in liver injury by killing infected cells and by producing antiviral cytokines capable of purging HBV from viable hepatocytes. There are two isoforms of the protein, alpha and beta, each encoded by a different gene.
CD8aT-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain. Identifies cytotoxic/suppressor T-cells that interact with MHC class I bearing targets
CD8bT-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 beta chain.
CD9a member of the Tetraspanin superfamily expressed in a variety of cells, including: pre B cells, eosinophils, basophils and platelets.
CD10a type II transmembrane protein found on pre-B cells, germinal-center B cells, some neutrophils, kidney cells, T-cell precursors, and epithelial cells that acts as a zinc metalloprotease cleaving peptide bonds on the amino side of hydrophobic amino acids; expressed in acute lymphocytic leukemia and follicular-center-cell lymphomas.
CD11aIntegrin Alpha L, the alpha subunit of LFA-1, a membrane glycoprotein that provides cell-cell adhesion by interaction with ICAM-1
CD11bIntegrin Alpha M ; the alpha subunit of Mac-1, the CR3 complement receptor which consists of CD11b and CD18. CR3 is a human cell surface receptor, found on polymorphonuclear leukocytes, NK cells, and mononuclear phagocytes like macrophages, which is capable of recognizing and binding to many molecules found on the surfaces of invading bacteria. Binding to the receptor causes phagocytosis and destruction of the foreign cell.
CD11cIntegrin Alpha X, the alpha subunit of receptor 4. It is a type I transmembrane protein found on monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and some B cells that induces cellular activation and helps trigger neutrophil respiratory burst; expressed in hairy cell leukemias, acute nonlymphocytic leukemias, and some B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias. Also one of the defining markers for dendritic cells and hairy cell leukemia cells.
CD11dIntegrin alpha-D - ITGAD. Integrin alpha-D/beta-2 is a receptor for ICAM3 and VCAM1. May play a role in the atherosclerotic process such as clearing lipoproteins from plaques and in phagocytosis of blood-borne pathogens, particulate matter, and senescent erythrocytes from the blood.
CD13a zinc metalloproteinase, also known as aminopeptidase N, which is found naturally on myelomonocytic cells from early differentiation through maturity; usually present on acute myeloid leukemia blasts and rarely found in some forms of lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemia
CD14a membrane protein found on macrophages which binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
CD15a carbohydrate adhesion molecule that mediates phagocytosis and chemotaxis, found on neutrophils; expressed in patients with Hodgkin disease, some B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias, acute lymphoblastic leukemias, and most acute nonlymphocytic leukemias. It is also called Lewis x and SSEA-1 and represents a marker for murine pluripotent stem cells, in which it plays an important role in adhesion and migration of the cells in the preimplantation embryo.
CD16*FcγRIII, a low-affinity Fc receptor for IgG. Found on NK cells, macrophages, and neutrophils.
CD16aLow affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A encoded by the FCGR3A gene. Mutations in the gene associated with immunodeficiency, particularly severe Epstein Barr virus and HPV infections.
CD16bLow affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B encoded by the FCGR3B gene. Expressed by neutrophils and stimulated eosinophils
CD17possible role in phagocytosis. Bacteria binding.
CD18Integrin Beta 2 chain. Adhesion and signaling in the hematopoietic system.
CD19B-lymphocyte surface antigen B4, component of the B-cell co-receptor; highly represented in B-cell malignancies, CD19 is the target of several CAR-T and mAb cancer drugs in development e.g. Juno JCAR015, Kite KTE-C19 CAR, Novartis CTL019, Morphosys MOR208, Macrogenics MGD011, Affimed AFM11
CD20a type III transmembrane protein found on B cells that forms a calcium channel in the cell membrane allowing for the influx of calcium required for cell activation; expressed in B-cell lymphomas, hairy cell leukemia, and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Important for therapy of those diseases, as antibodies against CD20 exist: e.g. Rituximab and Ofatumumab, with several more in development. Similarly, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Ocrelizumab is in trials for multiple sclerosis.
CD21CR2, a type I transmembrane protein found in the cytoplasm of pre-B cells and on the surface of mature B cells, follicular dendritic cells, pharyngeal and cervical epithelial cells, some thymocytes, and some T cells that plays a role in signal transduction; expressed in hairy cell leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, and some T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemias. Receptor for complement and Epstein–Barr virus.
CD22a sugar binding transmembrane protein that specifically binds sialic acid with an immunoglobulin domain located at its N-terminus. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and the SIGLEC family. CD22 functions as an inhibitory receptor for B cell receptor signalling. Like CD19, CD22 is a cell surface marker for lymphocytes that is present on most B cell malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia and various subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. CD22 expression has been shown to be maintained in acute lymphoblastic leukemia that has lost CD19, making anti-CD22 a potential combination or follow on therapy for anti-CD19 therapy. Anti-CD22 monoclonal antibodies have been developed, without much success yet; currently Juno Therapeutics has an anti-CD22 CAR-T in development.
CD23a type II transmembrane protein found on mature B cells, monocytes, activated macrophages, eosinophils, platelets, and dendritic cells that enhances capture and processing of antigen complexed with IgE.
CD24a glycoprotein expressed at the surface of most B lymphocytes and differentiating neuroblasts. This gene encodes a sialoglycoprotein that is expressed on mature granulocytes and in many B cells. The encoded protein is anchored via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol link to the cell surface. Is also known as Heat Stable Antigen.
CD25a type I transmembrane protein present on activated T cells, activated B cells, some thymocytes, myeloid precursors, and oligodendrocytes that associates with CD122 to form a heterodimer that can act as a high-affinity receptor for IL-2; expressed in most B-cell neoplasms, some acute nonlymphocytic leukemias, and neuroblastomas.
CD26Membrane-bound protease. T-cell costimulatory molecule. Cell adhesion molecule
CD27TNF-receptor. Present on the surface of resting memory B cells. Binds to ligand CD70. Celldex has an agonist anti-CD27 mAb, CDX-1127, in early stage trials, which activates T-cells by substituting for CD70 and may have anti-tumour effects. Human B and T cell lymphomas often express CD27 at high levels.
CD28costimulatory receptor present on all T-cells. It functions by binding one of two possible costimulatory ligands, CD80 or CD86, thus eliciting a costimulatory effect on the T-cell
CD29AKA integrin beta-1 - a cell adhesion molecule.
CD30a type I transmembrane protein present on activated T and B cells that may play a role in cell activation and/or differentiation; expressed in Hodgkin disease, some T-cell lymphomas, and anaplastic large cell lymphomas.
CD31PECAM-1, a cell adhesion molecule on platelets and endothelial cells
CD32A**FcγRII-a, a receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G. Of the related pair FCGR2A and FCGR2B, the 'A' type is considered the activating isoform.
CD32B**FcγRII-b, a receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G. Of the related pair FCGR2A and FCGR2B, the 'B' type is considered the inhibitory isoform. Ligation of CD32B on B cells downregulates antibody production and may, in some circumstances, promote apoptosis. Co-ligation of CD32B on dendritic cells inhibits maturation and blocks cell activation.
CD33a marker of unknown function found on immature myeloid cells, including acute myeloid leukemia blasts and mature monocytes. Anti-CD33 monoclonal antibodies are extensively used for the diagnosis of all types of AMLs.
CD34stem cell marker, adhesion, found on hematopoietic precursors, capillary endothelium, and embryonic fibroblasts
CD35Complement receptor 1
CD36Platelet glycoprotein IV or IIIb
CD37A leucocyte restricted tetraspanin expressed primarily in B cells, but also found on T cells, Monocytes and Granulocytes.
CD38involved in ecto-ADP-ribosyl cyclase and cell activation on many hematopoietic, plasma, and B & T activated cells; marker increases with HIV seroconversion, coexpression with CD8 associated with progression. Some antibodies targeting CD38 are being tested in multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma e.g. Daratumumab or Celgene's MOR202.
CD39Also known as Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1. Hydrolyzes nucleotide substrates at extremely high turnover rates, converting ATP directly into AMP without releasing ADP. Forms oligomers that are essential for its enzymatic activity.
CD40A costimulatory protein found on antigen presenting cells. CD40 combines with its ligand CD154 on T cells to induce antibody isotype switching in B cells. Under investigation as an antibody target for solid tumor.
CD41Integrin subunit αIIb; Gene ITGA2B. Glycoprotein IIb : Component of the integrin αIIbβ3 fibrinogen receptor; major role is in platelet aggregation. Mutations in ITGA2B can be causative for Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
CD42*the platelet Glycoprotein Ib/V/IX complex. Expressed on platelets and is a late, specific marker of megakaryocyte differentiation. The Glycoprotein Ib/V/IX complex is essential for normal haemostasis; deficiency results in Bernard-Soulier Syndrome, a syndrome of thrombocytopenia and giant platelets.
CD42aPlatelet glycoprotein IX encoded by the GP9 gene.
CD42bPlatelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain encoded by the GP1BA gene.
CD42cPlatelet glycoprotein Ib beta chain encoded by the GP1BB gene.
CD42dPlatelet glycoprotein V encoded by the GP5 gene.
CD43CD43 is a sialomucin.
CD44A family of matrix adhesion molecules formed by alternative mRNA splicing, that adhere to hyaluronate, collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. Helps maintain polarization of epithelial cells. Found on bone marrow stromal cells and many other cells.
CD45leucocyte common antigen, a type I transmembrane protein present on all hemopoietic cells except erythrocytes that assists in cell activation; expressed in lymphomas, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
CD46Inhibitory complement receptor which is ubiquitously expressed on human cells. Binding site for viral H protein.
CD47Membrane protein, which is involved in the increase in intracellular calcium concentration that occurs upon cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. Binds to TSP-1 and SIRPa. Tumor cells can evade macrophage phagocytosis through CD47 expression. An experimental drug from Trillium, SIRPαFc, targets CD47 thus allowing macrophages to destroy tumor cells in acute myeloid leukemia. In 2016, Celgene via InhibRx, Forty Seven and several other biotech companies are also trialling anti-CD47 molecules to treat various cancers and other indications.
CD48CD48 is a human protein encoded by the CD48 gene. It is a universal cell membrane molecule present on all leukocytes.
CD49aIntegrin alpha 1 subunit.
CD49bVery late antigen alpha 2 chain; found on platelets and activated B and T cells.
CD49cVery late antigen alpha 3 chain; found on nonhematopoietic bone marrow cells. Receptor for collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and thrombospondin.
CD49dIntegrin alpha 4 subunit. Unlike other integrin alpha chains, alpha 4 neither contains an I-domain, nor undergoes disulfide-linked cleavage.
CD49eIntegrin alpha 5 subunit. Alpha chain 5 undergoes post-translational cleavage in the extracellular domain to yield disulfide-linked light and heavy chains that join with beta 1 to form a fibronectin receptor.
CD49fIntegrin alpha 6 subunit.
CD50Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 encoded by the ICAM3 gene.
CD51CD51 is a type I integral membrane glycoprotein, known as vitronectin receptor α chain, or integrin αV. It forms heterodimer with integrin β1, β3, β5, β6, or β8. CD51 contains two disulfide-linked subunits of 125 kD and 24 kD, and is expressed on endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, platelets, osteoclasts, neuroblastoma, melanoma, and hepatoma cells.
CD52CAMPATH-1 antigen encoded by the CD52 gene.
CD53A leucocyte restricted tetraspanin expressed by B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, NK cells and Granulocytes.
CD54Intercellular adhesion molecule -1 : facilitates adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells during the immune and inflammatory responses
CD55Complement Decay-Accelerating Factor : regulatory factor in one of the three pathways of the immune system complement cascade
CD56140 kD isoform of NCAM, a marker for natural killer cells and some T-lymphocytes
CD57Is expressed by Natural Killer Cells subsets of T cells, B Cells, and Monocytes. Represents a carbohydrate epitope that contains a sulfoglucuronyl residue.
CD58a membrane protein present on many hemopoietic cells and fibroblasts that acts as a ligand for CD2 and may be involved in T-cell function.
CD59Membrane attack complex inhibition factor ; MAC-inhibitory protein ; Antigen MEM43; Protectin: Immune system complement cascade regulatory factor; Homologous restriction factor; Membrane Inhibitor of Reactive Lysis
CD60aGD3 ganglioside
CD60b9-O-acetyl-GD3 ganglioside
CD60c7-O-acetyl-GD3 ganglioside
CD61Integrin subunit β3; Gene ITGB3. Glycoprotein IIIa : Component of the integrin αIIbβ3 fibrinogen receptor; major role is in platelet aggregation. Mutations in ITGB3 can be causative for Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
CD62EE-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule expressed only on endothelial cells activated by cytokines.
CD62LL-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule found on leukocytes.
CD62PP-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule found in granules in endothelial cells and activated platelets.
CD63Member of the Tetraspanin family expressed in activated platelets, monocytes and macrophages.
CD64aCommonly known as Fc-gamma receptor 1 with high-affinity to IgG. CD64 is found on macrophages and monocytes.
CD65Ceramide-dodecasaccharide; VIM-2
CD65sSialylated-CD65; VIM2
CD66aCEACAM1
CD66bCEACAM8
CD66cCEACAM6
CD66dCEACAM3
CD66eCEACAM5
CD66fPregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 1 encoded by the PSG1 gene. Produced in high quantity during pregnancy.
CD68110 kDa highly glycosylated transmembrane protein which is mainly located in lysosomes. Present in macrophages in many human tissues including Kupffer's cells and macrophages in the red pulp of the spleen, in lung alveoli, in lamina propria of the gut, and in the bone marrow. Used as immunocytochemical marker for staining of monocytes/macrophages.
CD69An early activation marker on T cells and NK cells.
CD70Expressed on highly activated lymphocytes. Its ligand is CD27.
CD71Transferrin receptor, mediates cellular uptake of iron. Ubiquitously expressed on dividing, normal and malignant cells. Currently investigated as a target for an antibody drug conjugate from Cytomx / Abbvie to treat various cancers.
CD72Mediator of B-cell - T-cell interactions
CD73Also known as 5'-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase. Is expressed on subsets of B-cells and T-cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, follicular dendritic cells, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, osteoblasts and trophoblasts. Is also expressed on and used as an identification marker of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Catalyzes the conversion of AMP to bioactive adenosine at neutral pH. Also has functions independent of its enzyme activity and can transmit potent activation signals in T-cells when ligated by antibodies. Upon binding of the antibody on lymphocytes, but not on endothelial cells, CD73 delivers a tyrosine phosphorylation inducing signal. Also functions as a cell adhesion molecule and mediates lymphocyte binding to endothelial cells and adhesion between B-cells and follicular dendritic cells
CD74Transmembrane protein that assists and maintains the assembly of MHC-II complexes in the ER until its loaded with peptide in Endosomes. Present in all professional APCs expressing MHC-II. It is more commonly named "Invariant chain" and coded in the HLA-II gene cluster.
CD75lactosamines
CD75salpha-2;6-sialylated lactosamines
CD77ceramide trihexoside
CD79AAlso known as B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain and MB-1 membrane glycoprotein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD79A gene. Together with CD79B, forms a dimer associated with the formation of the B-cell antigen receptor, enabling a cell to respond to the presence of antigens on its surface.
CD79BAlso known as B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD79B gene. Together with CD79A, forms a dimer associated with the formation of the B-cell antigen receptor, enabling a cell to respond to the presence of antigens on its surface. Roche is developing an antibody drug conjugate targeting CD76b in certain types of Non-Hogdkin Lymphoma. Macrogenics has started pre-clinical studies into a drug targeting CD79b and CD32b.
CD80when bound to CD28 on T-cells, can provide the costimulatory effect; also referred to as B7.1, one of the B7 molecules. Causes up-regulation of a high affinity IL-2 receptor allowing T cells to proliferate.
CD81A tetraspanin expressed in a wide variety of tissues, which plays an important role in B cells as part of the B cell co-receptor complex with CD19, Leu 13 and CD21. Also expressed in T cells, NK cells, Dendritic cells, Monocytes and blood progenitors.
CD82Member of the tetraspanin family of transmembrane proteins. Broad tissue distribution including B cells, T cells, Granulocytes, Monocytes and CD34+ progenitors.
CD83a 45 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily. Expressed on cultured dendritic cells, interdigitating, follicular, and circulating dendritic cells as well as some proliferating lymphocyte of all human cell lines. Functionally unclear, but can serve as a useful marker for mature human blood dendritic cells.
CD84SLAM family member 5 encoded by the CD84 gene. Plays a role as adhesion receptor.
CD85ALILRB3 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3
CD85BLILRB6 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 6
CD85CLILRB5 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 5. Detected in natural killer cells.
CD85DLILRB2 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2
CD85FLILRB7 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 7
CD85GLILRA4 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 4
CD85HLILRA2 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 2
CD85ILILRA1 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 1
CD85JLILRB1 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1
CD85KLILRB4 - Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4
CD85MLILRP2 LILRA5 - leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A ; member 5
CD86when bound to CD28 on T-cells, can provide the costimulatory effect; also referred to as B7.2, one of the B7 molecules. Causes up-regulation of a high affinity IL-2 receptor allowing T cells to proliferate.
CD87also referred to as the urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor, provides a binding point for urokinase type plasminogen activator
CD88C5a receptor
CD89FcalphaRI - receptor for IgA
CD90Thy-1 Thymus cell antigen.
CD91Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 , a major endocytotic receptor with over 35 known ligands including amyloid precursor protein, ApoE, and many proteins involved with protease regulation
CD92Choline transporter-like protein 1 encoded by the SLC44A1 gene
CD93Complement component C1q receptor encoded by the CD93 gene
CD94Natural killer cells antigen CD94, encoded by the KLRD1 gene. Plays a role as a receptor for the recognition of MHC class I HLA-E molecules by NK cells and some cytotoxic T-cells.
CD95Fas Receptor, encoded by FAS gene; receptor for Fas ligand, an extrinsic apoptotic signal i.e. Fas ligand binding to Fas receptor leads to apoptosis - death of the cell. Fas ligand/receptor interactions play an important role in the regulation of the immune system and the progression of cancer.
CD96CD96 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and is expressed by all resting human and mouse NK cells. CD96 main ligand is CD155. CD 96 has approximately 20% homology with CD226 and competed for binding to CD155 with CD226.
CD97CD97 antigen encoded by the CD97 gene. Receptor potentially involved in both adhesion and signaling processes early after leukocyte activation. Plays an essential role in leukocyte migration
CD98is a glycoprotein that is a heterodimer composed of SLC3A2 and SLC7A5 that forms the large neutral amino acid transporter. LAT1 is a heterodimeric membrane transport protein that preferentially transports branched-chain and aromatic amino acids. LAT is highly expressed in brain capillaries relative to other tissues. A functional LAT1 transporter is composed of two proteins encoded by two distinct genes:4F2hc/CD98 heavy subunit protein encoded by the SLC3A2 gene CD98 light subunit protein encoded by the SLC7A5.
CD99Also known as MIC2 or single-chain type-1 glycoprotein, is a heavily O-glycosylated transmembrane protein. Unusually for a gene present on the X chromosome, the CD99 gene does not undergo X inactivation. It is expressed on all leukocytes but highest on thymocytes and is believed to augment T-cell adhesion and apoptosis of double positive t cells. It also participates in migration and activation. Also used to distinguish between various hematological malignancies.
CD100Also known as semaphorin 4D and is known as a potent proangiogenic molecule.
CD101Also known as IGSF2 or V7. It participates in human T-cell activation and is expressed by human skin dendritic cells
CD102Intercellular adhesion molecule 2, encoded by ICAM2 gene.
CD103A type I transmembrane protein present on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, some circulating leukocytes, and some T cells that facilitates adhesion to epithelia; expressed in hairy cell leukemia and some B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias.
CD104Integrin beta-4, encoded by the ITGB4 gene; receptor for laminin; structural role in epithelial cells; required for regulation of keratinocyte polarity and motility
CD105Endoglin, a regulatory component of the TGF-beta receptor-cell complex. Mediates cellular response to TGFbeta.
CD106VCAM-1; Alpha 4 beta 1 ligand. Adhesion molecule involved in white blood cell migration.
CD107*Found on Platelets
CD107aLysosome-associated Membrane Protein 1
CD107bLysosome-associated Membrane Protein 2
CD108Semaphorin-7A, encoded by SEMA7A gene; also known as the John-Milton-Hagen blood group antigen, a glycoprotein expressed on activated lymphocytes and erythrocytes
CD109r150, Gov alloantigen, an accessory receptor of the TGF-beta signaling pathway. Mediates cellular response to TGFbeta. Presents Gov alloantigens and ABH blood antigens.
CD110Thrombopoietin receptor, encoded by the MPL gene; mutations in gene associated with forms of anemia, myelofibrosis and thrombocythemia.
CD111Nectin-1 or Herpesvirus entry mediator C, encoded by the PVRL1 gene. Key role in cellular entry of Herpes simplex virus.
CD112Nectin-2 or Herpesvirus entry mediator B, encoded by the PVRL2 gene. Involved in entry for some herpes simplex strains and pseudorabies. Variations in gene linked to severity of multiple sclerosis.
CD113Nectin-3, encoded by the PVRL3 gene. Role in cell-cell adhesion
CD114Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor, encoded by the CSF3R gene; essential for granulocytic maturation
CD115a cell-surface protein encoded, in humans, by the CSF1R gene. Also known as colony stimulating factor 1 receptor and/or as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor. It is a receptor, known to be expressed on monocytes and macrophages, for a cytokine called colony stimulating factor 1 and also interleukin 34. Binding to CSF1 and IL34 ligands activate CSF1R, promoting survival and activity of monocytes and macrophages. Five Prime has an early stage drug, FPA008, that blocks CSF1R in the hope of treating macrophage-dependent diseases including cancers and rheumatoid arthritis - in trials with Nivolumab. Roche also has an experimental anti-CD115 mAb, Emactuzumab.
CD116Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor subunit alpha ; encoded by the CSF2RA gene
CD117c-kit, the receptor for Stem Cell Factor, a glycoprotein that regulates cellular differentiation, particularly in hematopoiesis
CD118Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, encoded by the LIFR gene; signal-transducing molecule
CD119Interferon gamma receptor 1, encoded by the IFNGR1 gene; receptor for interferon gamma - two receptors bind one interferon gamma dimer.
CD120*a receptor for Tumour Necrosis Factor, an inflammatory cytokine
CD120aTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A, encoded by TNFRSF1A gene. Familial hibernian fever is caused by mutations in this gene.
CD120bTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B, encoded by TNFRSF1B gene. Constituent of the drug Enbrel, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.
CD121aInterleukin-1 receptor type 1, encoded by IL1R1 gene; cytokine receptor
CD121bInterleukin-1 receptor type 2, encoded by IL1R2 gene; cytokine receptor
CD122beta subunit of IL-2 receptor
CD123Also known as interleukin-3 receptor, is a molecule found on cells which helps transmit the signal of interleukin-3, a soluble cytokine important in the immune system. It is found on pluripotent progenitor cells, induces tyrosine phosphorylation within the cell, and promotes proliferation and differentiation within the hematopoietic cell lines.
CD124Interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha; encoded by IL4R gene. Receptor for both interleukin 4 and interleukin 13. IL4Ra is targeted by Regeneron-Sanofi antibody Dupilumab in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and Pieris-Astra Zeneca investigational anticalin PRS-060 in the treatment of asthma. Both drugs thus modulate signaling of the interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 pathways.
CD125Interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha; encoded by IL5RA gene.
CD126Interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha; encoded by IL6R gene.
CD127the IL-7 receptor alpha chain
CD129Interleukin-9 receptor; encoded by IL9R gene
CD130Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta ; encoded by IL6ST gene; signal-transducing molecule
CD131Cytokine receptor common subunit beta; encoded by CSF2RB gene; high affinity receptor for interleukin-3, interleukin-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Gene mutation can cause a rare lung disorder.
CD132Cytokine receptor common subunit gamma, or gamma subunit of IL-2 receptor. Gene mutation can cause rare x-linked immunodeficiency.
CD133Prominin-1, ; a hematopoietic and CNS stem cell marker. A 5 transmembrane domain protein. Also known as AC133. Gene mutations can cause various retinal diseases. Also found in various body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, seminal fluid and urine.
CD134Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4, also known as OX40; a T-cell secondary costimulatory molecule which enhances proliferation, cytokine production and survival; its ligand OX40L, or CD252, binds to OX40 receptors on T-cells, preventing them from dying and subsequently increasing cytokine production. Without CD28, OX40 expression is delayed and reduced. OX40 also binds TRAF2, 3 and 5 and PI3K. OX40 gene mutations can cause a type of immunodeficiency. Roche has an experimental monoclonal antibody in development that targets OX40 ; anti-OX40 functions as an agonist antibody, which results in activation rather than blockade of the OX40 signaling pathway upon receptor binding; Medimmune AstraZeneca is developing 3 drugs targeting OX40 in colorectal, prostate, breast, and head and neck cancers; MEDI6383, MEDI0562, and MEDI6469
CD135Also known as fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 or fetal liver kinase-2 ; A cytokine receptor for Flt3 ligand important in early hematopoiesis. Gene may be involved in acute myelogenous leukemia.
CD136Macrophage-stimulating protein receptor, ; binds to MST1 ligand;
CD137Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, also known as 4-1BB and Induced by Lymphocyte Activation. Targeted by Bristol Myers' Urelumab, a CD137 agonist antibody, in early trials with anti-PDL1 mAbs; activating CD137 stimulates an immune response, in particular a cytotoxic T cell response, against tumor cells, though liver toxicity can be a problematic side effect. Pfizer also has an early-stage 4-1BB agonist in combination trials, and Pieris is trialling PRS-343, a CD137 - HER2 bispecific.
CD138a plasma cell-surface glycoprotein, known as syndecan-1. Syndecan functions as the alpha receptor for collagen, fibronectin and thrombospondin.
CD139not assigned
CD140Aalso known as Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha ; a protein in humans encoded by PDGFRA gene. A cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the platelet-derived growth factor family.
Lilly has developed Olaratumab, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody designed to bind to human PDGFRα with high affinity and block PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, and PDGF-CC ligands from binding to the receptor and is conducting clinical trials in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma.
CD140Balso known as Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, beta ; a protein in humans encoded by PDGFRB gene. A cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the platelet-derived growth factor family.
CD141Thrombomodulin or BDCA-3, an integral membrane protein. On endothelial cells, it is involved in anticoagulation. It also occurs, with unknown function, on a very rare subtype of dendritic cells.
CD142Tissue factor, a major initiator of blood-clotting
CD143Angiotensin-converting enzyme
CD144VE-Cadherin, a calcium-dependent adhesion molecule at intercellular junctions, found mainly in the vascular endothelium. Recent research indicates that CD144 may be present on some leucocytes as well.
CDw145not assigned ?
CD146Cell surface glycoprotein MUC18; encoded by MCAM gene; expression may allow melanoma cells to interact with cellular elements of vascular system, thus enhancing tumor spread
CD147Neurothelin. An extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer.
CD148Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta; encoded by PTPRJ gene;
CD150Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule; encoded by SLAMF1 gene; important in bidirectional T-cell to B-cell stimulation; acts as a receptor for measles virus
CD151Tetraspanin with a wide tissue distribution, including platelets, Megakaryocytes, Granulocytes and erythroleukemia.
CD152Also called Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4. Expressed in CD4+ T Lymphocytes but also found in some B Lymphocytes. Binds to CD80 and CD86 receptors with a higher affinity than CD28, and inhibits T cell activation. Targeted by drugs such as Ipilimumab for melanoma and other cancers.
CD153Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 8; encoded by TNFSF8 gene; CD30 ligand; induces proliferation of T-cells.
CD154The ligand for CD40. This is a costimulatory molecule that plays many roles, best known for activating B cells but also known to induce the activation of an APC in association with T cell receptor stimulation by MHC molecules on the APC.
CD155The poliovirus receptor, a protein that in humans that is encoded by the PVR gene. Also known as Necl5.
CD156*A member of A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease family
CD156aDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 8; encoded by ADAM8 gene
CD156bDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17; encoded by ADAM17 gene
CD156cDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10; encoded by ADAM10 gene
CD157BST1 Bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 is a stromal cell line-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule that facilitates pre-B-cell growth. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 33% similarity with CD38. BST1 expression is enhanced in bone marrow stromal cell lines derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
CD158*Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors with two extracellular domains, variously expressed on NK cells. CD158a is KIR2DL1, CD158b is KIR2DL3, CD158d is KIR2DL4. Innate and Bristol Myers are testing monoclonal antibody Lirilumab, which binds to KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL2/3, thus blocking the interaction of KIR receptors with their HLA-C ligands, and preventing the inhibitory signal triggered by this interaction. Thus the cytotoxicity of NK cells is enhanced.
CD158AKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1; encoded by KIR2DL1 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; inhibits the activity of NK cells thus preventing cell lysis.
CD158B1Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL2; encoded by KIR2DL2 gene; receptor on NK cells for HLA-Cw1, 3, 7, and 8 allotypes; inhibits activity of NK cells thus preventing cell lysis
CD158B2Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL3; encoded by KIR2DL3 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; inhibits activity of NK cells thus preventing cell lysis
CD158CPutative killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor like protein KIR3DP1; encoded by KIR3DP1 gene; expressed in peripheral blood cells
CD158DKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4; encoded by KIR2DL4 gene; receptor on NK cells for HLA-C alleles; inhibits NK cell activity thus prevents cell lysis.
CD158E1Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1; encoded by KIR3DL1 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA Bw4 allele; inhibits NK cell activity thus prevents cell lysis.
CD158E2Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DS1; encoded by KIR3DS1 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; does not inhibit activity of NK cells.
CD158F1Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL5A; encoded by KIR2DL5A gene; inhibits NK cell activity thus prevents cell lysis. **
CD158F2Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL5B; encoded by KIR2DL5B gene; inhibits NK cell activity thus prevents cell lysis. **
CD158GKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS5; encoded by KIR2DS5 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; does not inhibit activity of NK cells.
CD158HKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS1; encoded by KIR2DS1 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; does not inhibit activity of NK cells.
CD158IKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS4; encoded by KIR2DS4 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; does not inhibit activity of NK cells.
CD158JKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS2; encoded by KIR2DS2 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-C alleles; does not inhibit activity of NK cells.
CD158KKiller cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL2; encoded by KIR3DL2 gene; receptor on natural killer cells for HLA-A alleles; inhibits activity of NK cells thus prevents cell lysis
CD159aNKG2-A/NKG2-B type II integral membrane protein; encoded by KLRC1 gene; receptor for recognition of MHC class I HLA-E molecules by NK cells and some cytotoxic T-cells
CD159cNKG2-C type II integral membrane protein; encoded by KLRC2 gene
CD160CD160 expression is tightly associated with peripheral blood NK cells and CD8 T lymphocytes with cytolytic effector activity. In tissues, CD160 is expressed on all intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. CD160 shows a broad specificity for binding to both classical and nonclassical MHC class I molecules.
CD161Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B member 1; encoded by KLRB1 gene; inhibitory role in natural killer cell cytotoxicity
CD162P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1; encoded by SELPLG gene; also receptor for enterovirus 71
CD163M130; HbSR; RM3/1 antigen. A glycoprotein endocytic scavenger receptor for haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes. Found specifically on monocytes/macrophages and some dendritic cells. Involved in anti-inflammatory processes. Soluble form shed upon Toll-like receptor activation.
CD164Sialomucin core protein 24 or endolyn; encoded by CD164 gene; implicated in hematopoiesis, prostate cancer metastasis and infiltration of bone marrow by cancer cells
CD165SN2, cell surface glycoprotein used to monitor platelet function; strongly expressed on T cell type acute lymphoblastic cells and most platelets
CD166activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule ; ligand for CD6 and involved in neurite extension
CD167aEpithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1, encoded by DDR1 gene; tyrosine kinase that functions as cell surface receptor for fibrillar collagen; abundant in some carcinomas;
CD167bDiscoidin domain-containing receptor 2, encoded by DDR2 gene; tyrosine kinase that functions as cell surface receptor for fibrillar collagen and regulates cell differentiation, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, cell migration and cell proliferation. Required for normal bone development; mutations in gene can cause a form of dwarfism.
CD168Hyaluronan mediated motility receptor, encoded by HMMR gene; over expressed in some cancers.
CD169Sialoadhesin ; encoded by SIGLEC1 gene; a cell adhesion protein on macrophages that binds to sialic acids
CD170Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 5 or SIGLEC5; putative adhesion molecule that mediates sialic-acid dependent binding to cells
CD171Neural cell adhesion molecule L1, encoded by L1CAM gene; cell adhesion molecule with important role in development of nervous system; involved in neuron-neuron adhesion, neurite fasciculation, outgrowth of neurites, etc. Binds to axonin on neurons. Gene mutations can cause hydrocephalus. Juno Therapeutics has an experimental anti-CD171 CAR-T therapy in development to treat Neuroblastoma.
CD172aTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type substrate 1, also known as SIRPa ; acts as inhibitory transmembrane receptor with CD47 resulting in inhibition of phagocytosis, stimulation of cell-cell fusion, and T-cell activation. Component of SIRPaFc, an experimental drug aimed at AML
CD172bSignal-regulatory protein beta-1, encoded by SIRPB1 gene. Immunoglobulin-like cell surface receptor involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. Participates also in the recruitment of tyrosine kinase SYK.
CD172gSignal-regulatory protein gamma, encoded by SIRPG or SIRPB2 gene. Binds with CD47.
CD173Blood Group H
CD174Fucosyltransferase 3, enzyme encoded by FUT3 gene; may be involved in blood group Lewis determination
CD175Tn antigen
CD175sSialyl-Tn antigen
CD176TF or Thomsen–Friedenreich antigen is a disaccharide found on cell surfaces and released into circulation in many cancers.
CD177CD177 antigen expressed by CD177 gene; also polycythemia rubra vera 1 or NB1 glycoprotein. Highly expressed in normal bone marrow, also in granulocytes of patients with polycythemia vera and with essential thrombocythemia
CD178Fas ligand is a type-II transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family. Its binding with its receptor Fas induces apoptosis. Fas ligand/receptor interactions play an important role in the regulation of the immune system and the progression of cancer.
CD179aImmunoglobulin iota chain, encoded by VPREB1 gene; associates with Ig-mu chain to form complex expressed on surface of pre-B-cells; presumably regulates Ig gene rearrangements during B-cell differentiation.
CD179bImmunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1, encoded by IGLL1 gene; critical for B-cell development
CD180CD180 antigen or LY64, encoded by CD180 gene; may cooperate with MD-1 and TLR4 to mediate innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in B-cells
CD181CXC chemokine receptor type 1, encoded by CXCR1 gene ; receptor to interleukin-8. Blocking CXCR1 can inhibit some cancers
CD182CXC chemokine receptor type 2, encoded by CXCR2 gene ; receptor for interleukin-8
CD183CXC chemokine receptor type 3, encoded by CXCR3 gene; receptor for CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 and mediates the proliferation, survival and angiogenic activity of human mesangial cells; implicated in a wide variety of diseases
CD184CXC chemokine receptor type 4, encoded by CXCR4 gene; receptor for chemokine Stromal Derived Factor 1 ; involved in mesenchymal stem cell homing and migration; acts as a coreceptor for HIV-1
CD185CXC chemokine receptor type 5, encoded by CXCR5 gene; may have a regulatory function in Burkitt lymphoma
CD186CXC chemokine receptor type 6, encoded by CXCR6 gene; a G-protein-coupled receptor for the chemokine CXCL16; used as a coreceptor by SIVs and strains of HIV-2 and m-tropic HIV-1
CD187not assigned
CD188not assigned
CD189not assigned
CD190not assigned
CD191CC chemokine receptor type 1, also Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha receptor, encoded by CCR1 gene; affects stem cell proliferation
CD192CC chemokine receptor type 2, encoded by CCR2 gene; receptor for CCL2, CCL7 and CCL13 chemokines; alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection
CD193CC chemokine receptor type 3, encoded by CCR3 gene; eosinophil eotaxin receptor; alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection
CD194CC chemokine receptor type 4, encoded by CCR4 gene; high affinity receptor for CCL17, CCL22 and CKLF1 chemokines; could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival
CD195CC chemokine receptor type 5, encoded by CCR5 gene; a beta chemokine receptor to which the natural chemokine ligands RANTES and macrophage inflammatory protein bind. It is commonly used by HIV as a co-receptor to enter its target cells.
CD196CC chemokine receptor type 6, encoded by CCR6 gene; receptor for MIP-3-alpha or LARC
CD197CC chemokine receptor type 7, encoded by CCR7 gene; a beta chemokine receptor to which chemokines involved in the migration of T lymphocytes across high endothelial venules bind.
CDw198CC chemokine receptor type 8, encoded by CCR8 gene; receptor for CCL1; coreceptor for HIV-1
CDw199CC chemokine receptor type 9, encoded by CCR9 gene; a beta chemokine receptor involved in mucosal immunity. The specific ligand of this receptor is CCL25.
CD200Also known as OX-2, a type-1 membrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. May regulate myeloid cell activity and delivers an inhibitory signal for the macrophage lineage in diverse tissues. CD200 is overexpressed by many different types of hematological and solid tumors. Biotech company Trillium has developed an investigative anti-CD200 monoclonal antibody.
CD201Endothelial protein C receptor, also known as activated protein C receptor, is a protein encoded by the PROCR gene. Mutations in this gene have been associated with venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction and late fetal loss during pregnancy. The protein is also involved in Plasmodium falciparum malaria as subtypes of the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 family use EPCR of the host as a receptor.
CD202bAngiopoietin-1 receptor, TEK or TIE2; encoded by the TEK gene. TEK receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed almost exclusively in endothelial cells. The ligand for the receptor is angiopoietin-1. Defects in TEK are associated with inherited venous malformations; the TEK signaling pathway appears to be critical for endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell communication in venous morphogenesis. TEK is closely related to the TIE receptor tyrosine kinase
CD203aEctonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 ; this protein belongs to a series of ectoenzymes involved in hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides, notably ATP and NAD, which can contribute to the formation of adenosine in cancer.
CD203cEctonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 ; this protein belongs to a series of ectoenzymes involved in hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides, which possess ATPase and ATP pyrophosphatase activities and are type II transmembrane proteins. Found in uterus, basophils, and mast cells.
CD204Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 or SCARA1; able to mediate endocytosis of modified low density lipoproteins ; group implicated in macrophage-associated physiological and pathological processes including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and host defense.
CD205Also known as Lymphocyte antigen 75, a protein that in humans is encoded by the LY75 gene. Also known as DEC-205.
CD206Also known as Mannose receptor C-type 1 and present on the surface of macrophages, immature dendritic cells, and surface of skin cells such as human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Additional functions include clearance of glycoproteins from the circulation.
CD207Langerin is a type II transmembrane, C-type lectin receptor on Langerhans cells. Also known as C-type lectin domain family 4 member K. Langerin is localized in the Birbeck granules, organelles present in the cytoplasm of Langerhans cells.
CD208Also known as Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 3. A protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMP3 gene.
CD209DC-SIGN, C-type lectin receptor found on dendritic cell subsets
CD210Interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha is shown to mediate the immunosuppressive signal of interleukin 10 and thus inhibit synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Mutations in the gene implicated in forms of inflammatory bowel disease
CDw210aInterleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha is shown to mediate the immunosuppressive signal of interleukin 10 and thus inhibit synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Mutations in the gene implicated in forms of inflammatory bowel disease.
CDw210bInterleukin-10 receptor subunit beta ; required for activation of cytokines: IL10, IL22, IL26, IL28, and IFNL1. Mutation in the gene associated with a form of IBD.
CD211not assigned
CD212IL12RB1 - Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1; a subunit of the interleukin 12 receptor. Lack of expression found to result in the immunodeficiency of patients with severe mycobacterial and Salmonella infections
CD213a1IL13RA1 - Interleukin 13 receptor, alpha 1; a subunit of the interleukin 13 receptor. This protein has been shown to bind tyrosine kinase TYK2, and thus may mediate signaling processes that lead to the activation of JAK1, STAT3 and STAT6 induced by IL13 and IL4
CD213a2IL13RA2 - Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2
CD214not assigned
CD215IL15RA - Interleukin 15 receptor, alpha subunit
CD216not assigned
CD217IL17R - Interleukin-17 receptor; a cytokine receptor which binds interleukin 17A.
CD218aIL18R1 - interleukin-18 receptor 1
CD218bIL18RAP - Interleukin 18 receptor accessory protein. Variants at IL18RAP have been linked to susceptibility to Coeliac disease.
CD219not assigned
CD220The insulin receptor is a transmembrane receptor with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity whose ligand is insulin. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of various metabolic pathways, as well as regulating aspects of the cell cycle, such as cellular growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Mutations in the insulin receptor have been found to be associated with both Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
CD221IGF-I-receptor - insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
CD222IGF2R - Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor, also called the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor
CD223Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3, an inhibitory receptor on immune system T-cells. LAG3 is the target of early-stage drugs for cancer and autoimmune disorders; IMP321 is a soluble version of LAG3, developed by Prima, while BMS-986016 and GSK2831781 are anti-LAG3 monoclonal antibodies.
CD224GGT1 - Gamma-glutamyltransferase 1
CD225IFITM1 - Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1. IFITM proteins have been identified as antiviral restriction factors for influenza A virus replication
CD226A co-stimulatory molecule found on Natural Killer Cells, also potentially responsible for cellular adhesion between a NK cell and its cytolytic target.
CD227MUC1 - Mucin 1, cell surface associated or polymorphic epithelial mucin is a mucin encoded by the MUC1 gene in humans. The protein serves a protective function by binding to pathogens and also functions in a cell signaling capacity. Used in histopathology, where it is known as EMA, to identify various tumours etc.
CD228Melanotransferrin. More than 20 mutations in the PRNP gene have been identified in people with inherited prion diseases.
CD231Tetraspanin-7 - TSPAN7. The associated gene is linked to X-linked mental retardation and neuropsychiatric diseases such as Huntington's chorea, fragile X syndrome and myotonic dystrophy.
CD232Plexin-C1 ; also called Virus-encoded semaphorin protein receptor ; Receptor for several virus semaphorins.
CD233known as SLC4A1, anion exchanger 1 or band 3 ; present in the principal acid secreting cell of the kidney and red blood cells
CD234DARC - Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor; located on the surface of red blood cells; receptor for the human malarial parasites Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi.
CD235aGlycophorin A, a protein on blood cells; GYPA
CD235bGlycophorin B ; GYPB
CD236Glycophorin C - GYPC
CD237not assigned
CD238Kell blood group - KEL
CD239LU - Lutheran blood group; Basal cell adhesion molecule
CD240CERHCE - Blood group Rh polypeptide.
CD240DRHD - Rh blood group, D antigen, also known as Rh polypeptide 1. The RhD erythrocyte membrane protein is the Rh factor antigen of the Rh blood group system.
CD241RHAG - Rh-associated glycoprotein is an ammonia transporter protein encoded by the RHAG gene. Mutations in this gene can cause stomatocytosis.
CD242known as ICAM4 or LW
CD243known as ABCB1, P-glycoprotein 1 or MDR1 ; an important protein of the cell membrane that pumps many foreign substances out of cells.
CD244Also known as 2B4, it encodes a cell surface receptor expressed on natural killer cells mediating non-major histocompatibility complex restricted killing. Thought to modulate NK-cell cytolitic activity.
CD245not assigned ?
CD246ALK - Anaplastic lymphoma kinase or ALK tyrosine kinase receptor. ALK plays an important role in the development of the brain. Several ALK-inhibitor drugs are used to treat lung cancer. ALK is also overexpressed in several other tumours.
CD247CD3-ZETA - T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain
CD248Endosialin is a member of the “Group XIV”, a novel family of C-type lectin transmembrane receptors which play a role not only in cell-cell adhesion processes but also in host defence
CD249Glutamyl aminopeptidase - ENPEP. The enzyme degrades vasoconstricting angiotensin II into angiotensin III and so helps to regulate blood pressure.
CD250not assigned
CD251not assigned
CD252OX40L or TNFSF4, the ligand for CD134 and expressed on cells such as DC2s enabling amplification of Th2 cell differentiation.
Various single nucleotide polymorphisms of the OX40L gene have been identified, some associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, but not atherosclerosis.
CD253TRAIL, or TNFSF10. TRAIL is a cytokine produced by most normal tissue cells, causing apoptosis primarily in tumor cells by binding to certain death receptors. The target of several anti-cancer therapeutics since mid-1990s, but these have not shown significant survival benefit.
CD254RANKL, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11, TNF-related activation-induced cytokine, osteoprotegerin ligand, and osteoclast differentiation factor.
RANKL affects the immune system and controls bone regeneration. Targeted by mAb drug Denosumab to treat osteoporosis.
CD255not assigned
CD256APRIL or TNFSF13 ; a protein of the TNF superfamily recognized by the cell surface receptor TACI - both found to be important for B cell development
CD257BAFF or TNFSF13B. This cytokine is a ligand for receptors TNFRSF13B/TACI, TNFRSF17/BCMA, and TNFRSF13C/BAFF-R. Expressed in B cell lineage cells, and acts as a potent B cell activator
CD258LIGHT, or TNFSF14 ; a secreted protein of the TNF superfamily; recognized by herpesvirus entry mediator, HVEM or CD270, thus aka HVEML. Also interacts with decoy receptor 3, BIRC2, TRAF2 and TRAF3.
CD259not assigned
CD260not assigned
CD261Death receptor 4, TRAIL receptor 1 and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A ; a cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily that binds TRAIL and mediates apoptosis.
CD262Death receptor 5, TRAIL receptor 2 and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B ; a cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily that binds TRAIL and mediates apoptosis.
CD263Decoy receptor 1, TRAIL receptor 3 and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10C ; a human cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily; not capable of inducing apoptosis, and thought to function as an antagonistic receptor that protects cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis
CD264Decoy receptor 2, TRAIL receptor 4 and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10D ; a human cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily; does not induce apoptosis, and plays inhibitory role in TRAIL-induced cell apoptosis
CD265RANK, TRANCE Receptor or TNFRSF11A; member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor molecular sub-family. RANK is the receptor for RANK-Ligand. It is associated with bone remodeling and repair, immune cell function, lymph node development, thermal regulation, and mammary gland development
CD266TNFRSF12A, or Tweak-receptor. Receptor for TWEAK ligand.
CD267Transmembrane activator and CAML interactor, or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B ; a transmembrane protein of the TNF receptor superfamily found predominantly on the surface of B cells, which are an important part of the immune system. TACI recognizes three ligands: APRIL, BAFF and CAML. TACI controls T cell-independent B cell antibody responses, isotype switching and B cell homeostasis. TACI mutations are associated with immunodeficiency; a significant proportion of CVID patients have TACI mutations.
CD268BAFF receptor, or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C. TNFRSF13C is a membrane protein of the TNF receptor superfamily which recognizes BAFF.
CD269Also known as B-cell maturation antigen or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17. Protein encoded by the TNFRSF17 gene. This receptor is preferentially expressed in mature B lymphocytes, and may be connected to leukemias and lymphomas. BCMA is brightly expressed on most multiple myeloma cells and hence of interest as a target for CART therapy. Bluebird and Celgene currently have an anti-BCMA early-stage product, bb2121, due to start trials for multiple myeloma in 2016.
CD270Herpesvirus entry mediator, or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 ; a human cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily. Binding of HSV viral envelope glycoprotein D to CD270 shown to be part of viral entry mechanism. Interacts with TRAF2, TNFSF14 and TRAF5. BTLA is a ligand for HVEM.
CD271is the p75 Nerve Growth factor receptor or Low-affinity Nerve Growth Factor Receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. LNGFR has been implicated as a marker for cancer stem cells in melanoma and other cancers. Melanoma cells transplanted into an immunodeficient mouse model were shown to require expression of CD271 in order to grow a melanoma. Thus CD271 is under investigation as a cell marker for melanoma drugs.
CD272BTLA ; expression induced during activation of T cells. Like PD1 and CTLA4, BTLA interacts with a B7 homolog, B7H4. However, unlike PD-1 and CTLA-4, BTLA displays T-Cell inhibition via interaction with tumor necrosis family receptors, not just the B7 family of cell surface receptors. BTLA is a ligand for HVEM. BTLA-HVEM complexes negatively regulate T-cell immune responses. BTLA activation inhibits the function of CD8+ cancer-specific T cells.
CD273PDL2 or PDCD1LG2 ; on Dendritic cells, Macrophages etc. Ligand for PD-1
CD274PDL1 or PDCD1L1 ; expressed on T cells, NK cells, macrophages, myeloid DCs, B cells, epithelial cells, and vascular endothelial cells and others. Ligand for PD1 and also CD80. Formation of PD1/PDL1 or B7-1/PDL1 complexes transmit an inhibitory signal reducing proliferation of CD8+ T cells at lymph nodes. Anti-PDL1 drugs like Atezolizumab, currently in trials for bladder cancer, work by preventing the inhibition of T-cells.
CD275ICOSLG or ICOS ligand.
CD276CD276, an immune checkpoint molecule, is expressed by some solid tumours and is the target of anticancer candidates such as Macrogenics' MGA271
CD277aka Butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A1
CD278Inducible T-cell costimulator is an immune checkpoint protein; a CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule expressed on activated T cells; thought to be important for Th2 cells. Used as a biomarker in Ipilimumab treatment.
CD279PD-1 or PDCD1 ; cell surface receptor which binds to PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligands; functions as immune checkpoint with important role in down regulating immune system by preventing T-cell activation. Targeted by Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab and other monoclonal antibodies in a new class of cancer drugs.
CD280Mannose receptor C type 2
CD281TLR1; a member of the Toll-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system. TLR1 recognizes pathogen-associated molecular pattern with a specificity for gram-positive bacteria; found on the surface of macrophages and neutrophils; interacts with TLR2.
CD282Toll-like receptor 2 ; plays a role in the immune system. TLR2 is a membrane protein, recognizing bacterial, fungal, viral, and certain endogenous substances and passing on appropriate signals to the cells of the immune system.
CD283Toll-like receptor 3 ; abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces activation of IRF3, unlike all other Toll-like receptors which activate NF-κB. IRF3 ultimately induces the production of type I interferons, and thus may play role in defense against viruses
CD284Toll-like receptor 4. It detects lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria and is thus important in the activation of the innate immune system. Various μ-opioid receptor ligands have been found to possess action as agonists or antagonists of TLR4, with opioid agonists such as morphine being TLR4 agonists.
CD285not assigned
CD286Toll-like receptor 6. This receptor functionally interacts with TLR2 to mediate cellular response to bacterial lipoproteins.
CD287not assigned
CD288Toll-like receptor 8 ; Genetic variants in TLR8 have recently been linked to susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis.
CD289Toll-like receptor 9. TLR9 recognizes unmethylated CpG sequences in DNA molecules.
Biotech company Mologen is currently testing a TLR9 agonist, Lefitolimod, for treatment of HIV and various cancers.
CD290Toll-like receptor 10 ; most highly expressed in lymphoid tissues such as spleen, lymph node, thymus, and tonsil
CD291not assigned
CD292Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA
CDw293Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B ; Mutations in the associated gene have been linked with primary pulmonary hypertension.
CD294Prostaglandin D2 receptor 2 or GPR44; a human protein encoded by the PTGDR2 gene. The DP2 pathway has been suggested as a potential target for baldness treatment.
CD295Leptin receptor ; LEPR functions as a receptor for the fat cell-specific hormone leptin. Variations in the leptin receptor have been associated with obesity and increased susceptibility to Entamoeba histolytica infections.
CD296ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 ;
CD297Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase 4
CD298Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 ;
CD299C-type lectin domain family 4 member M or LSIGN ;
CD300ACMRF35H, present on monocytes, neutrophils, and some T and B lymphocytes
CD300CCMRF35A
CD301CLEC10A. Members of this family share a common protein fold and have diverse functions, such as cell adhesion, cell-cell signalling, glycoprotein turnover, and roles in inflammation and immune response.
CD302CD302 is a C-type lectin receptor involved in cell adhesion and migration, as well as endocytosis and phagocytosis.
CD303BDCA-2, a type II C-type lectin which is involved in endocytosis of antigens for processing in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Activation decreases type I interferon production.
CD304Neuropilin-1, NRP1 or BDCA-4, has a wide range of functions. On neurons, it is a receptor for axon growth guidance class-3 semaphorins SEMA3A and plexin-1, on endothelial and some tumor cells it is a VEGF165 receptor, and on plasmacytoid dendritic cells it has a similar role to CD303 but does not decrease interferon production upon activation.
CD305LAIR1, is an inhibitory receptor found on peripheral mononuclear cells, including NK cells, T cells, and B cells. Inhibitory receptors regulate the immune response to prevent lysis of cells recognized as self.
CD306LAIR2, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The function of this protein is unknown, though it is thought to be secreted and may help modulate mucosal tolerance.
CD307FCRL5,
CD307aFCRL1,
CD307bFCRL2,
CD307cFCRL3,
CD307dFCRL4,
CD307eFCRL5,
CD308not assigned
CD309Kinase insert domain receptor,, a type III tyrosine kinase receptor involved in angiogenesis.
CD310not assigned
CD311not assigned
CD312EMR2, is a protein encoded by the ADGRE2 gene. EMR2, a member of the adhesion GPCR family, is expressed by monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and all types of granulocytes and is closely related to CD97.
CD313not assigned
CD314KLRK1 or NKG2D is a transmembrane protein belonging to the CD94/NKG2 family of C-type lectin-like receptors. NKG2D is encoded by KLRK1 gene in the NK-gene complex on chromosome 12 in humans. In humans it is expressed by NK cells, γδ T cells and CD8+ αβ T cells. NKG2D recognizes induced-self proteins from MIC and RAET1/ULBP families which appear on the surface of stressed, malignant transformed, and infected cells. Thought important in viral control as some viruses have adapted mechanisms to evade NKG2D responses. Also, tumor cells that can evade NKG2D responses are more likely to propagate.
CD315PTGFRN,, found to interact with CD9 and CD81
CD316IGSF8,
CD317Tetherin or BST2, is a lipid raft associated protein. Expressed in mature B cells, plasma cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and many other cells, only as a response to stimuli from IFN pathway. Known to block many types of enveloped viruses by tethering the budding virus like particles and inhibiting them from leaving the cell surface.
CD318CDCP1, and Trask. The phosphorylation of CDCP1 is seen in many cancers, including some pre-invasive cancers as well as in invasive tumors and in tumor metastases. The functional implications of CDCP1 phosphorylation in tumors is currently under investigation.
CD319SLAMF7, a marker of normal plasma cells and malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma.
CD3208D6A
CD321F11R, or JAM1
CD322JAM2. Acts as an adhesive ligand for interacting with a variety of immune cell types and may play a role in lymphocyte homing to secondary lymphoid organs.
CD323not assigned
CD324A tumor-suppressor gene encoded by the CDH1 gene also known as Cadherin-1, CAM 120/80, epithelial cadherin or uvomorulin. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid, and ovarian cancers.
CD325CDH2, Cadherin-2, N-cadherin or neural cadherin. It is a transmembrane protein expressed in multiple tissues and functions to mediate cell-cell adhesion. In cardiac muscle, N-cadherin is an integral component in adherens junctions residing at intercalated discs, which function to mechanically and electrically couple adjacent cardiomyocytes. Alterations in expression and integrity of N-cadherin protein has been observed in various forms of disease, including human dilated cardiomyopathy.
CD326Epithelial cell adhesion molecule or Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 1. Expressed on epithelial cells and on many tumors; used as a target for anti-tumor drugs. CD326 is expressed in pluripotent stem cells.
CD327SIGLEC6,
CD328SIGLEC7,
CD329SIGLEC9,
CD330not assigned
CD331FGFR1. A receptor tyrosine kinase whose ligands are specific members of the fibroblast growth factor family. FGFR1 has been shown to be associated with Pfeiffer syndrome. Mutations in the associated gene have also been associated Jackson–Weiss syndrome, Antley-Bixler syndrome, Trigonocephaly, osteoglophonic dysplasia, squamous cell lung cancer and autosomal dominant Kallmann syndrome and may be associated with cleft lip and/or palate. Somatic mutations of the FGFR1 gene occurs in several diseases including breast and lung cancers. Experimental drug Lucitanib from Clovis targets FGFR1, which is over-expressed on some tumor cells causing increased proliferation.
CD332FGFR2. FGFR2 has important roles in embryonic development and tissue repair, especially bone and blood vessels. Mutations are associated with numerous medical conditions including abnormal bone development and cancer. Five Prime has a monoclonal antibody, FPA144, in early stage trials, that targets FGFR2b, to treat gastric tumours that overexpress FGFR2b, by preventing binding of certain FGFs to FGFR2b.
CD333FGFR3. Defects in the FGFR3 gene have been associated with several conditions, including achondroplasia/hypochondroplasia, thanatophoric dwarfism, seborrheic keratosis, bladder cancer and craniosynostosis
CD334FGFR4. Although specific function is unknown, overexpressed in gynecological tumor samples, suggesting a role in breast and ovarian tumorigenesis.
CD335Also known as NCR1 or NKp46
CD336NCR2
CD337Also known as Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 NCR3 or NKp30. Protein that in humans is encoded by the NCR3 gene.
CD338ABCG2 or BCRP. This protein functions as a xenobiotic transporter which may play a role in multi-drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Significant expression observed in placenta, and role protecting fetus from xenobiotics in maternal circulation. Also protective roles in blocking absorption at the apical membrane of the intestine, blood-testis barrier, blood–brain barrier, and membranes of hematopoietic progenitor and other stem cells. At apical membranes of liver and kidney, enhances excretion of xenobiotics. In lactating mammary gland, role in excreting vitamins such as riboflavin and biotin into milk.
CD339JAG1. One of five cell surface proteins that interact with 4 receptors in the mammalian Notch signaling pathway. The JAG1 gene is expressed in multiple organ systems in the body and causes the autosomal dominant disorder Alagille syndrome resulting from loss of function mutations within the gene. Up regulation of JAG1 has been correlated with both poor overall breast cancer survival rates and an enhancement of tumor proliferation in adrenocortical carcinoma patients
CD340Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2, HER2 or HER2/neu. Overexpression plays a role in certain types of breast cancer. It is a biomarker target for breast cancer drugs such as Herceptin.
CD344FZD4 a receptor in WNT-signalling pathway and for Norrin. FZD4 signaling induced by Norrin regulates vascular development of vertebrate retina and controls important blood vessels in the ear.
CD349FZD9 a receptor in WNT-signalling pathway. The FZD9 gene is located within the Williams syndrome common deletion region of chromosome 7, and heterozygous deletion of the FZD9 gene may contribute to the Williams syndrome phenotype. FZD9 is expressed predominantly in brain, testis, eye, skeletal muscle, and kidney
CD351FCAMR,, an Fc receptor that binds IgM with high affinity and IgA with a 10-fold lower affinity.
CD352SLAMF6,, expressed on Natural killer, T, and B lymphocytes.
CD353SLAMF8,, expressed in lymphoid tissues.
CD354TREM1, Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1.
CD355Cytotoxic and regulatory T-cell molecule, encoded by CRTAM gene. Strongly expressed in spleen, thymus, small intestine, peripheral blood leukocyte and in Purkinje neurons in cerebellum.
CD357TNFRSF18, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18, activation-inducible TNFR family receptor or Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein. This receptor has increased expression upon T-cell activation, and is thought to play a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25+/CD4+ regulatory T cells. There are several anti-GITR agonist antibodies in early-stage development. Activating the GITR receptor is thought to increase the proliferation and function of effector T cells, particularly in combination with anti-PDL1 antibodies. As of 2015, TG Therapeutics and Five Prime / Inhibrx have clinical stage antibodies; Merck, Medimmune AstraZeneca, and the company GITR have antibodies in phase 1 trials for solid tumors. In 2016, Novartis initiated an anti-GITR trial.
CD358Death receptor 6 or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 21, it activates the JNK and NF-κB pathways and is mostly expressed in the thymus, spleen and white blood cells.
CD360IL21R. It is a cytokine receptor for interleukin 21. It transduces the growth promoting signal of IL21, and is important for the proliferation and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. The ligand binding of this receptor leads to the activation of multiple downstream signaling molecules, including JAK1, JAK3, STAT1, and STAT3.
CD361Also known as EVI2B.
CD362Also known as SDC2, Syndecan-2.
CD363S1PR1 or EDG1. It is a G-protein-coupled receptor which binds the bioactive signaling molecule sphingosine 1-phosphate. S1PR1 activation is involved in immune cell regulation and development; vascular growth and development during embryogenesis; motility of cancer cells; it is also over-expressed in MS lesions. Receptos Celgene has a drug in development, Ozanimod, which modulates S1P1R1 in the treatment of immune-inflammatory diseases MS and ulcerative colitis. It is believed to work by interfering with S1P signaling, blocking the lymphocyte response to lymph node exit signals by sequestering them within the nodes, and thus reducing circulating lymphocytes and anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting cell migration to sites of inflammation.
CD364Peptidase inhibitor 16, or Cysteine-rich secretory protein 9 encoded by PI16 gene
CD365HAVCR1 or TIM-1. Plays critical roles in regulating immune cell activity especially in response to viral infection including HAV, Ebola and Dengue. TIM-1 is also involved in allergic response, asthma, and transplant tolerance.
CD366Also known as HAVCR2 or TIM-3. TIM3 is under investigation as a cancer immune checkpoint target as it may function as a T cell inhibitory receptor and is expressed on CD8+ T cells and Tregs, both involved in immunosuppression. Enumeral / Merck is studying a co-blockade of PD1 and TIM3 pathways; Novartis is also testing an anti-TIM3 therapy with MBG453.
CD367Also known as CLEC4A. C-type lectin domain family 4 member A.
CD368Also known as CLEC4D.
CD369Also known as CLEC7A. C-type lectin domain family 7 member A or Dectin-1
CD370Also known as CLEC9A.
CD371Also known as CLEC12A, C-type lectin domain family 12 member A.